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Minister’s Message

On behalf of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) and the Canadian Polar Commission, I am pleased to present the 2008–2009 Departmental Performance Report.

The results found in this report reflect the real and growing opportunities for Aboriginal and northern people as they take significant steps toward becoming fuller participants in Canada. A critical aspect of our approach over the last year was to target our efforts at emerging opportunities that would leverage partnerships to achieve sustainable, long-term results. This approach took into account the growing complexity of the globalized Canadian economy, the growing sophistication of Aboriginal and northern entrepreneurs, and the tangible economic opportunities inherent in Aboriginal and northern communities and businesses.

In this spirit of practical solutions that produce real results, we made considerable progress addressing comprehensive land-claims and self-government agreements with First Nation communities. These actions help unleash the forces of economic growth and social development not only in First Nation communities but also in neighbouring non-Aboriginal communities.

Canada’s Economic Action Plan provided an unprecedented amount of new investment as a means of stimulating the economy in Aboriginal and northern communities. This money is being put to work with dozens of exciting new projects started across the country to build and renovate schools, water and wastewater systems, and housing and to offer new skills and training programs. At the same time, Canada’s Economic Action Plan included vital new measures that will protect and secure Canada’s sovereignty and create more economic opportunities in the North — measures to support economic development, including investments in infrastructures; measures to increase the stock of social housing; measures to bolster scientific research; and measures to support sound environmental practices.

Our efforts and results over the last year demonstrate forcefully that we are committed to ensuring that Aboriginal people and people living in the North fully share in economic opportunities. We will continue to work closely with provincial and territorial governments and other willing partners to ensure that Canada not only makes it through tough times, but also emerges even stronger than before.

Chuck Strahl
Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development
and Federal Interlocutor for Métis and Non-Status Indians

Section I — Departmental Overview

Raison d’être and Responsibilities

Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) supports Aboriginal people (First Nations, Inuit and Métis) and Northerners in their efforts to:

• improve social well-being and economic prosperity;
• develop healthier, more sustainable communities; and
• participate more fully in Canada’s political, social and economic development — to the benefit of all Canadians.

INAC is one of the 34 federal government departments responsible for meeting the Government of Canada’s obligations and commitments to First Nations, Inuit and Métis, and for fulfilling the federal government’s constitutional responsibilities in the North. INAC’s responsibilities are largely determined by numerous statutes, negotiated agreements and relevant legal decisions. Most of the Department’s programs — representing a majority of its spending — are delivered through partnerships with Aboriginal communities and federal–provincial or federal–territorial agreements. INAC also works with urban Aboriginal people, Métis and non-Status Indians (many of whom live in rural areas) through the Office of the Federal Interlocutor. INAC’s mandate and wide-ranging responsibilities are shaped by centuries of history, and unique demographic and geographic challenges.

The Canadian Polar Commission leads Canada’s polar research and strengthens Canada’s international reputation as a circumpolar nation by promoting knowledge of the polar regions and their importance to Canada.

Program Activity Architecture

The Program Activity Architecture (PAA) shown below provides an overview of the Department’s strategic outcomes and supporting program activities.

Note: To provide a clear northern-focused story, the four northern program activities — which are under each of The Government, The People, The Land and The Economy strategic outcomes — are reported as a separate “northern” component in Section II. The four northern program activities differ from the Department’s other program activities, which focus on First Nations and on activities south of 60°. The combined northern focus also lays the groundwork for the creation of a Northern Strategic Outcome in the upcoming 2009–2010 PAA structure.

On June 1, 2008, Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada (IRSRC) joined INAC, and that organization’s performance since that time is included in this report. A detailed report against the IRSRC Report on Plans and Priorities commitments can be found on INAC's website.

Performance Summary

2008-2009 Financial Resources ($ millions)			2008-2009 Human Resources (full-time equivalents)
Planned Spending	Total Authorities	Actual Spending	Planned	Actual	Difference
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada*
6,850.3	7,367.8	6,992.7**	4,340.5	4,407.7	67.2
Canadian Polar Commission
1.0	1.0	1.0	5.0	5.0	—
* Order in Council P.C. 2008-0805 amalgamated and combined Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada with INAC, effective June 1, 2008. It should be noted that $221 million from the previous organization (covering the 10-month period from June 1, 2008, to March 31, 2009) is included in INAC’s 2008–2009 Actual Spending. ** Excludes cost of services received without charge of $85.7 million. The increase in full-time equivalents (FTEs) from 4,340.5 to 4,407.7 is primarily due to the amalgamation and combination of Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada with INAC, effective June 1, 2008. INAC’s success in achieving its mission is directly tied to the creativity, knowledge, skills, and integrity of its dedicated team of employees.

Explanation of Variances

Variances between Main Estimates, Planned Spending, Total Authorities and Actual Spending are largely attributable to the timing of key elements of the fiscal cycle. The Main Estimates as approved by Parliament in the initial appropriations are the first step in the fiscal cycle. Financial resources for Internal Services are attributed pro rata based on total financial resources.

The Planned Spending column includes Main Estimates plus the Planned Spending on those initiatives known at the time that the Report on Plans and Priorities was prepared in the January/February timeframe of the preceding fiscal year. Specifically, the difference between Main Estimates and Planned Spending for 2008–2009 ($583 million) is largely made up of funding earmarked in the fiscal framework for: Justice at Last: The Specific Claims Action Plan to accelerate the resolution of specific claims; Budget 2008 announcements for a new framework for economic development, enhancing education outcomes, expanding child and family services, and for the water and wastewater action plan; and payments to the Quebec Cree to settle implementation issues respecting the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement.

The Total Authorities represent Main Estimates plus Supplementary Estimates plus adjustments to authorities approved by Treasury Board, such as the operating budget carry-forward. Specifically, the difference between Planned Spending and Total Authorities for 2008–2009 ($518 million) is largely due to: the transfer of Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada to INAC; funding provided in Supplementary Estimates for out-of-court settlements, fuel price increases, the Food Mail Program, and health and safety pressures; the carry-forward from previous years of authorities for loans and loan guarantees; operating budget carry-forward; and adjustments for collective bargaining. These increases were offset by reduced requirements in 2008–2009 for the Specific Claims Action Plan to accelerate the resolution of specific claims and payments to the Quebec Cree to settle implementation issues respecting the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement.

Actual Spending reflects spending activity during the fiscal year as per the Public Accounts of Canada. The difference between Total Authorities and Actual Spending ($375 million) is due to many factors including reprofiling (e.g., for specific claims, Residential Schools, First Nation Infrastructure Fund, Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan) and carry-forward of resources (e.g., operating budget carry-forward) from 2008–2009 to 2009–2010 and authorities for loans and loan guarantees that were not used in 2008–2009 but that will be available for use in subsequent years. Additional variance details by program activity are identified in Section II.

Strategic Outcome Summary Table

Indian and Northern Affairs Canada

The Government

Program Activity	2007-2008 Actual Spending	2008-2009 ($ millions)				Alignment to Government of Canada Outcomes
		Main Estimates	Planned Spending	Total Authorities	Actual Spending
Governance and Institutions of Government	648.2	657.3	658.0	701.7	682.6	A Diverse Society That Promotes Linguistic Duality and Social Inclusion
Co-operative Relationships	201.1	208.7	220.2	272.0	230.8	A Diverse Society That Promotes Linguistic Duality and Social Inclusion
Claims Settlements						Strong Economic Growth
— Excluding Residential Schools	1,355.6	518.1	836.6	530.1	456.4
— Residential Schools (after amalgamation with INAC)*	—	—	—	274.9	221.4
Sub-total (Claims Settlements)	1,355.6	518.1	836.6	805.1	677.8
Northern Governance	6.2	9.9	14.4	13.7	8.6	A Diverse Society That Promotes Linguistic Duality and Social Inclusion
Total	2,211.1	1,393.9	1,729.2	1,792.5	1,599.8
Due to rounding, figures may not add to totals shown. * For the 10-month period June 1, 2008, to March 31, 2009.

The People

Program Activity	2007-2008 Actual Spending	2008-2009 ($ millions)				Alignment to Government of Canada Outcomes
		Main Estimates	Planned Spending	Total Authorities	Actual Spending
Managing Individual Affairs	18.9	29.4	30.5	40.6	25.0	A Diverse Society That Promotes Linguistic Duality and Social Inclusion
Education	1,734.7	1,719.4	1,739.4	1,842.0	1,832.0	A Diverse Society That Promotes Linguistic Duality and Social Inclusion
Social Development	1,516.9	1,451.9	1,491.5	1,628.3	1,624.0	A Diverse Society That Promotes Linguistic Duality and Social Inclusion
Healthy Northern Communities	106.5	107.8	109.6	133.0	130.4	Healthy Canadians
Total	3,377.0	3,308.5	3,371.0	3,643.9	3,611.4
Due to rounding, figures may not add to totals shown.

The Land

Program Activity	2007-2008 Actual Spending	2008-2009 ($ millions)				Alignment to Government of Canada Outcomes
		Main Estimates	Planned Spending	Total Authorities	Actual Spending
Clarity of Title to Land and Resources	10.5	9.5	9.5	12.0	11.3	Strong Economic Growth
Responsible Federal Stewardship	86.7	63.8	63.8	123.2	111.7	A Clean and Healthy Environment
First Nations Governance over Land, Resources and the Environment	15.3	33.9	33.9	34.8	17.5	Strong Economic Growth
Northern Land and Resources	179.8	191.3	192.5	191.6	177.1	Strong Economic Growth
Total	292.3	298.5	299.6	361.5	317.7
Due to rounding, figures may not add to totals shown.

The Economy

Program Activity	2007-2008 Actual Spending	2008-2009 ($ millions)				Alignment to Government of Canada Outcomes
		Main Estimates	Planned Spending	Total Authorities	Actual Spending
Economic and Employment Opportunities for Aboriginal People	1.2	1.6	1.6	38.6	37.5	Strong Economic Growth
Economic Development	153.0	180.4	225.7	220.8	170.0	Strong Economic Growth
Community Infrastructure	1,225.9	1,031.5	1,169.5	1,226.5	1,187.3	Strong Economic Growth
Northern Economy	23.7	24.0	24.5	40.7	26.1	Strong Economic Growth
Total	1,403.8	1,237.6	1,421.4	1,526.7	1,420.8
Due to rounding, figures may not add to totals shown.

The Office of the Federal Interlocutor

Program Activity	2007-2008 Actual Spending	2008-2009 ($ millions)				Alignment to Government of Canada Outcomes
		Main Estimates	Planned Spending	Total Authorities	Actual Spending
Co-operative Relations	37.7	29.0	29.0	43.2	43.1	A Diverse Society that Promotes Linguistic Duality and Social Inclusion
Total	37.7	29.0	29.0	43.2	43.1

Canadian Polar Commission

Increased Canadian Polar Knowledge

Program Activity	2007-2008 Actual Spending	2008-2009 ($ millions)				Alignment to Government of Canada Outcomes
		Main Estimates	Planned Spending	Total Authorities	Actual Spending
Research Facilitation and Communication	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	A Clean and Healthy Environment
Total	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0

Progress and Highlights

Contributions of Priorities to Strategic Outcomes

Operational Priorities

Priorities	Type	Status	Progress Made	Links to Strategic Outcomes
Education	Ongoing	Successfully met	Launched two new programs: First Nation Student Success Program and Education Partnerships Program Established a tripartite education partnership in New Brunswick through the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding on April 22, 2008	The People: Education
Water	Ongoing	Successfully met	First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan provided an additional $330 million over two years to support First Nations in providing access to safe drinking water on reserves. Developed new policy and standards for decentralized water and wastewater systems to be implemented in 2009	The Economy: Community Infrastructure
Protecting the Vulnerable	Ongoing	Successfully met	Supported preconstruction activities for five new shelters Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia approved INAC’s Enhanced Prevention-focused Approach for First Nations Child and Family Services.	The People: Social Development
Economic Development Engagements	New	Successfully met	Completed external engagement strategy to support the development of the new Federal Framework for Aboriginal Economic Development in January 2009	The Economy: Economic Development
Consultation and Accommodation	Ongoing	Successfully met	Approximately 800 federal officials trained on the Interim Guidelines for Federal Officials to Fulfill the Legal Duty to Consult; interdepartmental team established and meets monthly, includes identification of common risks, challenges and policy issues; national engagement with First Nation, Métis and Inuit communities and organizations; federal–provincial–territorial meetings (2008 and 2009) and bilateral discussions with provinces and territories; meetings with industry; and development of repository, including analysis of business requirements and development of business case, project charter and project plan	The Government: Co-operative Relationships
Legislative Initiatives
Section 67	Ongoing	Successfully met	On June 18, 2008, Bill C-21, which repeals section 67 of the Canadian Human Rights Act, received Royal Assent	The People: Managing Individual Affairs
Matrimonial Real Property Bill		Mostly met Parliamentary processes delayed the legislation	Matrimonial Real Property Bill reintroduced in Parliament as Bill C-8 in February 2009
Indian Oil and Gas Act			Legislative phase of the modernization of the Indian Oil and Gas Act received Royal Assent May 14, 2009	The Land: Responsible Federal Stewardship

Management Priorities

Priorities	Type	Status	Progress Made	Links to Strategic Outcomes
Blue Ribbon Panel	Ongoing	Successfully met	Undertook activities and analysis to develop an implementation plan that considers departmental policy, management control framework, procedural and technical impacts of implementing the new policy, and activities to reform the administration of grants and contributions	Internal Services
Human Resources Recruitment	Ongoing	Mostly met	As part of the National Recruitment Strategy, participated in 15 post-secondary school career fairs in 22 academic institutions and met with over 1,500 students; INAC hired 95 post-secondary recruits, out of the 96 post-secondary recruitment target established by the Clerk of the Privy Council	Internal Services
Implementation of the Centre for Integrity, Values and Conflict Resolution	Ongoing	Successfully met	The Centre provided a wide range of conflict resolution services to a growing number of INAC employees	Internal Services

Operating Environment

INAC delivers programs and services to diverse groups of people — First Nations, Inuit, Métis and Northerners — who have distinct priorities and needs. The Department delivers these programs and services to diverse locations throughout the country, including remote communities with extreme climates, as well as urban areas. Over 60 percent of the Department’s spending is committed to providing First Nations with access to provincial-type services, including education, social services and community infrastructure. Because most of INAC’s services are delivered through partnerships, such as with Aboriginal communities, the provinces and the territories, the third-party nature of this service delivery can pose challenges for results reporting.

Challenges and Risks

INAC’s responsibilities are shaped not just by unique demographic and geographic challenges, but also by centuries of Canadian history. At the same time, the nation’s changing social, economic and political landscape strongly influences INAC’s priorities, performance and delivery of services.

A major factor in Canada’s changing demographic landscape is the growing Aboriginal population, which is young and increasing twice as fast as the Canadian population overall. While this growth brings the challenge of ever-increasing demands for services, it also presents an unprecedented opportunity for capable, educated Aboriginal youth to fill crucial labour shortages in the future. In addition, an integrated set of plans, policies and programs is required to foster and build on the economic advances resulting from the increasing employment opportunities and wealth being created by Aboriginal businesses and communities.

Added to these challenges is the fact that Aboriginal people in Canada continue to have lower levels of education, poorer health and quality of life, and higher levels of unemployment than other Canadians. Bridging these social and economic gaps is a pressing requirement, but will nevertheless take time to resolve.

Supreme Court rulings on Aboriginal and treaty rights also continue to have a major impact on INAC’s mandate and the way the Department works to fulfil the Crown’s legal obligations.

INAC’s challenges in the North are to support the region’s outstanding resource and revenue-producing potential, while respecting the principles of sustainable development and protecting the environment, particularly in light of climate change impacts and adaptation.

Risk Analysis

In managing risk related to all these challenges, INAC aims to strengthen organizational resilience, reinforce management excellence and, ultimately, enhance program results and reduce the need for crisis management. The Corporate Risk Profile and other risk assessments undertaken in 2008–2009 have led to improved management of the Department’s most significant risks, including those associated with implementation; information for decision making; program alignment; legal decisions; human resources capacity and capabilities; Aboriginal relationships; government partnerships; and management practices.

In 2008–2009, INAC implemented a formal risk management and oversight regime to identify, monitor and manage risks that could compromise the achievement of the Department’s strategic outcomes. The regime includes frequent risk assessment, the integration of risk information with departmental planning, resource allocation and reporting processes, and regular reporting of risk exposures to senior executives. Together, these regime components ensure that INAC managers and senior executives monitor significant risks regularly and have the information necessary to make timely and informed decisions.

Progress on INAC’s Policies, Programs and Organizational Capacity

In 2008–2009, INAC introduced two new programs in the priority area of education: the First Nation Student Success Program and the Education Partnerships Program, which are both part of the Reforming First Nation Education Initiative. In the priority area of housing, the Department accessed its $1.4-million Special Initiatives Fund to develop eight innovative housing projects, including supporting the design of a mortgage support program for home ownership and market housing. INAC also continued to develop legislative frameworks to empower First Nations to make their own decisions on resource management and community and economic development. These frameworks include enabling legislation for commercial and industrial development on reserves, and the near-completion of the legislative phase of the modernization of the Indian Oil and Gas Act. In addition, INAC’s Enhanced Prevention-focused Approach for First Nations Child and Family Services was approved in Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia, and was implemented in most agencies in these provinces over 2008–2009. The Matrimonial Real Property Bill, which aims to protect the property rights of First Nation women and children on reserves, was reintroduced in Parliament as Bill C-8 in February 2009. INAC also continued to work on reforming the Income Assistance Program, including expanding its pre-employment measures.

Emphasis on Partnerships

In collaboration with its partners, the Department converted 93,888 hectares (232,000 acres) to reserve land status and completed 20 land designations for First Nations to lease to third parties, including for the development of oil and gas. INAC also improved key claim negotiating processes, including the creation in October 2008 of the independent tribunal central to the government’s new approach to improve and speed up the resolution of specific claims nationwide. The Department undertook many activities in support of the Federal Action Plan on Aboriginal Consultation and Accommodation, and began the process for the enhancement of the Treaty Obligations Monitoring System to improve the implementation of modern treaties and ensure that Canada honours all its obligations as set out in final land claims and self-government agreements.

The Inuit Relations Secretariat (IRS) worked with Inuit on developing research agenda items to support federal policy development, and on the Inuit Knowledge Project, which involves building a single storehouse of Inuit-related research and information. IRS also supported several youth projects, including: summer science camps in Nunavut; Inuit youth participation in the International Polar Year’s Students on Ice initiative; and funding to bring the Youth Media Team’s suicide prevention workshops to the Inuvialuit and Nunatsiavut regions. In addition, IRS was one of the Inuit education stakeholders that worked together after the April 2008 National Inuit Education Summit to develop an Inuit Education Accord aimed at developing a National Inuit Education Strategy.

Implementation of the Northern Strategy

In partnership with other federal departments and stakeholders, INAC continued to lead the implementation of Canada’s integrated Northern Strategy and its ongoing evolution in response to emerging challenges, such as the global economic downturn and the impacts of climate change in the North. INAC and its partners provided ongoing oversight of the implementation of commitments under the strategy’s four pillars. These commitments included the Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals Program and surveying the Arctic seabed to support Canada’s claims under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. INAC acted quickly to implement the new northern investments announced in Canada’s Economic Action Plan, specifically, the Arctic Research Infrastructure Fund; a feasibility study for Canada’s new High Arctic Research Station; a new economic development agency for the North; renewal of the Strategic Investments in Northern Economic Development program; the Community Adjustment Fund (northern component); and the Recreational Infrastructure Canada program (northern component).

Focus on Sustainable Development and Environmental Stewardship

Responding to infrastructure challenges for First Nations, INAC invested $94.5 million in projects including energy systems and solid waste management. INAC and Health Canada also launched the First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan, providing an additional $330 million over two years to support access to safe drinking water on reserves. Under the ecoENERGY for Aboriginal and Northern Communities Program and the Climate Change Adaptation Program, the Department was able to support 46 energy and adaptation projects in Aboriginal and northern communities through a $3.9-million investment. In the area of resource management, four new First Nations began operating under the First Nations Land Management Act. INAC’s Environmental Performance Framework established a monitoring and reporting mechanism. Under the Northern Regulatory Improvement Initiative, the Department continued to improve environmental assessment processes in the North. In addition, the Northern Contaminated Sites Program completed the remediation of five sites, generating more than 40,000 person-days of employment, most of which went to northern Aboriginal people.

Expenditure Profile

INAC’s Actual Spending for 2008–2009 was $7.0 billion. Overall, departmental spending increased by about $0.9 billion or 14 percent over the past two years. This increase is primarily due to:

• transfer of responsibility for Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada to Indian and Northern Affairs Canada;
• incremental funding to meet the demand for ongoing First Nation and Inuit programs and services (2-percent allowance for inflation and population growth);
• funding provided in federal budgets 2006 and 2008 for education; protecting and supporting Aboriginal women, children and families; water and wastewater; school construction; and economic development;
• increase in funding provided for out-of-court settlements;
• increase in funding for the settlement of specific claims;
• a reduction reflecting the sunset of Budget 2003 funding provided for the First Nations Water Management Strategy; and
• a reduction reflecting the sunset of Budget 2005 funding provided for the renovation and construction of housing units on reserves and the creation and servicing of building lots.

Planned spending will increase from 2008–2009 to 2009–2010 primarily due to:

• funding provided in Budget 2009 for First Nation housing and infrastructure, strengthening economic development in the North and Arctic research infrastructure;
• incremental funding for the implementation of the Specific Claims Action Plan to accelerate the resolution of specific claims;
• payment to the Quebec Cree to settle implementation issues respecting the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement and related litigation;
• incremental funding to meet the demand for ongoing First Nation and Inuit programs and services (2-percent allowance for inflation and population growth); and
• funding provided in Budget 2008 for education and economic development.

Planned spending over the period from 2009–2010 to 2011–2012 diminishes mainly because of reductions related to the sunset of targeted funding for:

• payment to the Quebec Cree to settle implementation issues respecting the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement and related litigation;
• First Nations Water and Wastewater Action Plan (Budget 2008);
• Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan (Budget 2004); and
• Budget 2009 initiatives that do not extend beyond 2010–2011.

The six-year spending trend chart illustrates the Department’s spending over a six-year period (three-year Actual Spending and three-year Planned Spending).

The Expenditure Profile shows significant variation over the time horizon due to a number of key factors, including:

• large single-payment claims settlements;
• changes in the funding profile of various specific-purpose (targeted) initiatives; and
• termination (sunsetting) of time-limited initiatives.

The spending trend chart illustrates the Department’s Main Estimates, Planned Spending, Total Authorities and Actual Spending for the last three years of actuals.

Voted and Statutory Items
($ millions)

Vote # or Statutory Items (S)	Truncated Vote or Statutory Wording	2006-2007 Actual Spending	2007-2008 Actual Spending	2008-2009 Main Estimates	2008-2009 Actual Spending
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
1	Operating expenditures	649.9	671.4	665.4	1,108.4
5	Capital expenditures	7.6	0.8	22.7	0.8
10	Grants and contributions	5,124.1	6,330.8	5,314.9	5,571.8
15	Payments to Canada Post Corporation	39.3	44.0	27.6	56.1
20	Office of the Federal Interlocutor for Métis and non-Status Indians — Operating expenditures	7.4	7.5	5.3	9.3
25	Office of the Federal Interlocutor for Métis and non-Status Indians — Contributions	29.2	27.1	21.4	30.3
(S)	Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development — Salary and motor car allowance	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
(S)	Grassy Narrows and Islington Bands Mercury Disability Board	—	—	—	—
(S)	Liabilities in respect of loan guarantees made to Indians for Housing and Economic Development	0.2	0.1	2.0	1.3
(S)	Indian Annuities Treaty payments	1.8	1.4	1.4	1.9
(S)	Grants to Aboriginal organizations designated to receive claim settlement payments pursuant to Comprehensive Land Claims Settlement Acts	137.6	89.0	74.3	54.0
(S)	Grant to the Nunatsiavut Government for the implementation of the Labrador Inuit Land Claims Agreement pursuant to the Labrador Inuit Land Claims Agreement Act	35.9	39.0	18.0	39.0
(S)	Payments to comprehensive claim beneficiaries in compensation for resource royalties	1.9	3.3	1.5	7.4
(S)	Contributions to employee benefit plans	48.9	52.1	52.4	55.7
(S)	Payment from the Consolidated Revenue Fund of guaranteed loans issued out of the Indian economic development account	0.1	—	—	—
(S)	Court awards	1.6	0.3	—	2.3
(S)	Refunds of amounts credited to revenues in previous years	0.5	0.4	—	0.6
(S)	Spending of proceeds from the disposal of surplus Crown assets	—	1.3	—	0.2
	Total budgetary	6,086.2	7,268.7	6,207.0	6,938.9
L20	Loans and guarantees of loans through the Indian economic development account	—	—	—	—
L30	Loans to native claimants	16.5	27.1	25.9	26.1
L35	Loans to First Nations in British Columbia for the purpose of supporting their participation in the British Columbia Treaty Commission Process	28.3	26.0	34.6	27.7
	Total non-budgetary	44.8	53.1	60.5	53.8
	Total Department	6,131.1	7,321.8	6,267.5	6,992.7
Canadian Polar Commission
40	Program expenditures	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
(S)	Contributions to employee benefit plans	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
	Total Agency	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0

Due to rounding, figures may not add to totals shown.

INAC — Explanation of Trend — 2007–2008 to 2008–2009
The decrease of approximately $329 million in Actual Spending from 2007–2008 to 2008–2009 primarily reflects: a reduction reflecting a one-time payment in 2007–2008 to the Quebec Cree to settle implementation issues for the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement as per the approved funding profile (−$1.1 billion); a reduction reflecting the sunset of Budget 2003 funding provided for the First Nations Water Management Strategy (−$108 million); an increase for the transfer of Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada to INAC (+$221 million); an increase in funding for the settlement of specific claims (+$116 million); an increase in funding provided in Budget 2008 for education, water and wastewater, economic development, and child and family services (+$181 million); an increase in funding provided in Supplementary Estimates for out-of-court settlements (+$167 million); and incremental funding to meet the demand for ongoing First Nation and Inuit programs and services — 2-percent allowance for inflation and population growth (+$91 million).

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