ARCHIVED - RPP 2007-2008
Fisheries and Oceans Canada

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Plans for 2007-2010 by Strategic Outcome

In this section:

• Safe and Accessible Waterways
• Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture
• Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems

Safe and Accessible Waterways

Surrounded by the Arctic, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and home to the Great Lakes, Canada is one of the foremost maritime nations in the world. Canada boasts the world's:

Providing access to Canadian waterways and ensuring the overall safety and integrity of Canada's marine infrastructure for the benefit of all Canadians

• Longest coastline (243,792 kilometres) — stretched out as a continuous line, it would circle the equator more than six times (25% of the world's coastline);
• Largest freshwater system — Canada's two million lakes and rivers cover 7.6% of its landmass (755,000 square kilometres);
• Longest inland waterway (3,700 kilometres) — from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Lake Superior;
• Largest archipelago — Canada's Arctic islands, including six of the world's 30 largest islands, cover 1.4 million square kilometres; and
• World's greatest tidal range — 16 metres in the Bay of Fundy and Ungava Bay.

Canada's oceans and inland water system, and their resources, have played an important role in the country's history, identity and culture. Eight of the 10 provinces and all three territories have ocean shorefront, and nearly a quarter of Canadians live in coastal communities. Canada's inland water system — particularly the St. Lawrence Seaway and the Great Lakes — has also played a pivotal role in Canada's development.

Canada's oceans, shorelines and inland waters support a growing number of industries and uses. Shipping, fishing, aquaculture, ecotourism, boating, oil and gas extraction, and other ocean activities contribute an estimated $20 billion a year to the Canadian economy.

The Safe and Accessible Waterways strategic outcome is delivered through three program activities:

• Canadian Coast Guard;
• Small Craft Harbours; and
• Science.

Operating Environment

Marine traffic in Canadian waters is increasing along with the global marine economy, predicted to grow at around 3% per year. Marine trade, expected to double over the next 20 years, is increasingly driven by trade with Asia. Because marine infrastructure is critical to Canada's economic success, attention will be paid to key Canadian marine gateways and corridors that enable global trade. Competition for waterways' usage is developing and internal water levels could exhibit increased variance because of climate change, possibly affecting domestic shipping. Increased traffic demand combined with an aging workforce is also applying pressure to the task of training and employing needed, certified marine personnel.

Canadians want their government to enhance Canada's maritime security measures, strengthen marine border security, and increase federal on-water presence and response capabilities in relation to a wide range of hazards, risks and threats. Coast Guard's programs and assets have significant benefits that support the achievement of Canada's maritime national security and public safety objectives. Coast Guard is now using and will continue to use its human resources and physical assets to support the federal integrated response to emerging maritime security and emergency preparedness priorities.

Canada will be enhancing its presence in the Arctic to better affirm Canadian sovereignty and to enhance security, safety and sustainable development in that frontier, all while striving to maintain and improve service levels in southern Canada. This calls for more capacity to enable activities like hydrographic charting and ocean science - such as those planned in the Arctic for this International Polar Year - as well as CCG activities that ensure a high level of navigation, icebreaking, safety and other services in northern waters. This will induce greater application of ice-specific technologies and platforms in Canada's North.

Mariners and citizens expect Coast Guard to minimize loss of life, injuries and property damage resulting from maritime incidents and to help secure and protect our oceans. Coast Guard will be held to higher standards of service and to transparent, accountable and disciplined spending. Because Canadians identify a cleaner environment and conservation of resources as key objectives, Coast Guard will move to improve its ecological footprint and operating efficiency. Our response to this complex business environment is to work hard for Canadians to continue to earn their trust through excellence in service as a Special Operating Agency. We will also think and act for the longer term in a way that positions Coast Guard as a durable, bilingual institution and as a key instrument of national policy in Canada's territorial waters and ocean domain.

The Small Craft Harbours (SCH) Program was created in 1973. The 2007-08 planning period will be characterized by a continuing demand for services and support related to the operation and maintenance of a national system of harbours critical to Canada's commercial fishing industry.

As of October 2006, the harbour inventory comprised property at 1,193 sites with individual assets numbering over 6,000 structural facilities. The overall value of the inventory is approximately $3.7 billion. This harbour infrastructure protects many millions of dollars invested in fishing vessels and equipment, prevents coastal erosion and damage, supports local economic development and employment, and offers refuge for mariners in distress. Currently, the SCH Program provides commercial fishing harbour services in all provinces and territories with the exception of Nunavut and the Yukon.

The Department's Science Program provides hydrographic and ocean science products and services that enable the maritime transportation infrastructure of Canada, safe navigation, security, and sovereignty, as well as research, monitoring, advice and data management to enable ocean and ice condition forecasts, including the potential impact of climate change and variation on navigation.

The Science Program's Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS) maintains an extensive portfolio of navigational products and services that ensure safe navigation of Canadian waterways. The number of nautical charts within the CHS portfolio is greater than that in any other country in the world, not including those that maintain worldwide coverage. Keeping existing hydrographic charts up-to-date while also creating new ones is an ongoing challenge. The advent of electronic charts and other technological advances in hydrography, such as multi-beam data collection, automated production, database development and Internet portals, continue to change how the Canadian Hydrographic Service makes hydrographic information available to Canadians.

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents (FTEs), Safe and Accessible Waterways

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Canadian Coast Guard	590.1	634.0	632.2
Small Craft Harbours	96.8	93.7	93.7
Science in support of Safe and Accessible Waterways	36.5	36.4	36.4
Program Enablers1	151.9	143.2	142.9
Total	875.2	907.2	905.1
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Canadian Coast Guard	4,703	4,703	4,703
Small Craft Harbours	126	126	126
Science in support of Safe and Accessible Waterways	274	274	274
Program Enablers1	951	952	931
Total	6,054	6,055	6,034

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on Program Enablers.

Program Activity: Canadian Coast Guard

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Provision of maritime services that contribute to the enhancement and maintenance of maritime safety and commerce; protection of marine and freshwater environment; oceans and fisheries resource management; security; and other government maritime priorities via maritime expertise, Canada's civilian fleet, a broadly distributed shore infrastructure, and collaboration with various stakeholders.

Expected Results

• Minimal loss of life, injury and property damage resulting from marine incidents
• Effective and efficient management of waterways that support marine commerce
• Sustainability of the marine and freshwater environment through timely and effective response
• A marine infrastructure that provides efficient services to all clients

A visible symbol of Canadian identity and sovereignty, the Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) is recognized both nationally and internationally as representing excellence in maritime services.

CCG is a Special Operating Agency within DFO that delivers its programs and services through the government's civilian fleet of vessels and a broadly distributed shore infrastructure that includes marine communications and traffic services centres, major bases, multi-tasked lifeboat stations, rescue centres with Canadian Forces, aids to navigation, and hundreds of other assets, such as radio towers, throughout the country. CCG also manages and operates the Canadian Coast Guard College in Sydney, Nova Scotia.

With its widely distributed fleet and shore infrastructure and personnel, CCG is instrumental in saving lives, facilitating maritime commerce, responding effectively to pollution incidents, protecting the aquatic environment and supporting maritime security. CCG stands ready to respond to national and international emergencies and disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The CCG Agency also continues to support critical DFO and Government of Canada priorities in scientific research and fisheries enforcement activities, including the assessment of the status of the fisheries resource, the monitoring of ocean variability and change, and activities related to Canada's interests in the International Polar Year and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Canadian Coast Guard

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Aids and Waterways Services	95.3	90.7	90.7
Marine Communications and Traffic Services	89.3	82.2	80.4
Icebreaking Services	51.3	45.4	45.4
Search and Rescue Services	104.7	103.6	103.6
Environmental Response Services	11.3	11.3	11.3
Coast Guard College	7.8	7.8	7.8
Maritime Security	5.3	34.1	31.7
Coast Guard Fleet Services	225.2	259.0	261.3
Sub-Total	590.1	634.0	632.2
Program Enablers1	128.0	121.3	121.6
Total2	718.1	755.3	753.8
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Canadian Coast Guard	4,703	4,703	4,703
Program Enablers1	796	795	778
Total	5,499	5,498	5,481

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

²Totals do not reflect respendable revenue. For details on respendable revenue, see the table Sources of Respendable and Non-Respendable Revenue.

Canadian Coast Guard Sub-activities

The Canadian Coast Guard program activity is delivered via nine program sub-activities:

• Aids and Waterways Services — delivering Aids to Navigation, Waterways Management, and Marine Safety Information services to support marine safety, accessibility of waterways, and environmental protection, including maintenance dredging of the Great Lakes Connecting Channels (treaty obligation);
• Marine Communications and Traffic Services — providing marine distress/safety communications and coordination, conducting vessel screenings, regulating vessel traffic movement and providing information systems and public correspondence on a 24/7 basis;
• Icebreaking Services — providing icebreaking and related services (ice routing and information, harbour breakouts, information provision, routing assistance, etc.) to facilitate safe and expeditious movement of maritime traffic through and around ice-covered Canadian waters;
• Search and Rescue Services — with the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary, providing and leading the maritime search and rescue component of the federal search and rescue program with the primary goal of saving lives at risk in Canada's maritime environment;
• Environmental Response Services — as the lead federal agency for ship-source spill response, delivering environmental incident preparedness and response services that protect the marine environment under Canadian jurisdiction and providing response assistance to other countries under international agreements (for north of 60°, CCG is the sole response organization);
• Coast Guard College — operating as the Canadian Coast Guard's training authority; preparing marine personnel to deliver Coast Guard services and programs to the highest of standards;
• Maritime Security — providing leadership of the Government of Canada's maritime security priorities within Fisheries and Oceans Canada with a focus on the provision of on-water services, maritime domain awareness and maritime expertise;
• Contribution to Other Government Objectives — delivery of civilian marine services (expertise, personnel and infrastructure (vessels and aircraft)) on behalf of other government departments or in support of agencies and organizations in the achievement of the Government of Canada's maritime priorities; and
• Coast Guard Fleet Services — management, operation and maintenance of the CCG fleet (vessels and aircraft) for the purpose of delivering civilian marine services in support of the Government of Canada's maritime priorities.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

The Department will focus on the following plans for CCG sub-activities during the current planning period.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Plans	Expected Results1	Performance Indicators1
Aids and Waterways Services
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Safe and effective vessel transits and movements and access to ports	Number of incidents attributed to aids to navigation Number of incidents attributed to waterways conditions
Marine Communications and Traffic Services (MCTS)
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Reduced number and severity of maritime incidents with human, property and environmental consequences Efficient movement of shipping	Number of incidents detected; shipping accidents — collisions, groundings and strikings Vessel movement per incident
Icebreaking Services
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Safe, timely and efficient vessel transits and movements through ice-infested waters Reduced flooding caused by ice jams (further resulting in less property damage and shore erosion) Enhanced Arctic sovereignty	Number of vessels damaged by ice Number of flood control tasking Number of route assistance and ice information requests Icebreaker availability
Search and Rescue Services
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Minimized loss of life and injuries to people at risk in marine incidents Reduced number and severity of search and rescue incidents	Percentage of lives saved relative to lives at risk
Environmental Response Services
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Minimized adverse impacts of marine pollution incidents	Effectiveness of response to number of spills
Coast Guard College
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Highly qualified Canadian Coast Guard personnel providing safe and effective delivery of the Canadian Coast Guard programs and services A Canadian Coast Guard ready to face current and future demographic changes National and international recognition for excellence in delivery of specialized marine training and expertise to Canadian and international partners and clients
Maritime Security
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Recognition of CCG/DFO as a value-added and proactive partner in the delivery of multi-agency solutions for enhanced maritime security	Number of public security and anti-terrorism initiatives DFO/CCG is involved in Level of confidence of federal security community
Contribution to Other Government Objectives
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Client service requirements met in a safe and efficient manner	Safe delivery — number, type and level of risk of hazardous occurrences; number and nature of non-conformities Efficient delivery — vessel utilization percentage, vessel non-assignment percentage, actual multi-tasking percentage Effective delivery — actual service delivery percentage, actual CCG and client delays
Coast Guard Fleet Services
Ongoing operations as described above this table	Client service requirements met in a safe and efficient manner	Safe delivery — number, type and level of risk of hazardous occurrences; number and nature of non-conformities Efficient delivery — vessel utilization percentage, vessel non-assignment percentage, actual maintenance percentage, actual multi-tasking percentage Effective delivery — actual service delivery percentage, actual CCG and client delays

¹Under review.

Program Activity: Small Craft Harbours

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Operation and maintenance of a national system of harbours critical to Canada's commercial fishing industry.

The Small Craft Harbours Program provides a sustainable network of approximately 750 core fishing harbours that are maintained in good condition and are operated and managed effectively by local Harbour Authorities (HAs).

As part of the Departmental Renewal initiative, the Small Craft Harbours Program will continue to work on possible new directions intended to place the Program on a more sustainable footing, while effectively responding to the evolving needs of industry clients by providing appropriate infrastructure.

Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Core fishing harbours are operational and are repaired and maintained in good condition	Performance ratings at core fishing harbours Number of recreational and non-core fishing harbours divested Condition of facilities at core fishing harbours
Core fishing harbours are managed by an HA (while promoting and encouraging the amalgamation and sharing of services to practically leverage resources and provide for greater HA capacity)	Percentage of core fishing harbours managed by Harbour Authorities Number of Harbour Authorities that manage more than one harbour
Harbour Authorities have tools to assist them in managing their facilities independently	Number of management tools for use by Harbour Authorities developed

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Small Craft Harbours

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Operations	3.7	3.7	3.7
Maintenance	91.0	87.9	87.9
Divestiture	2.1	2.1	2.1
Sub-Total	96.8	93.7	93.7
Program Enablers1	12.4	10.7	10.6
Total	109.2	104.4	104.3
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Small Craft Harbours	126	126	126
Program Enablers1	18	82	80
Total	207	208	206

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Small Craft Harbours Sub-activities

The Small Craft Harbours program activity is delivered via three program sub-activities:

• Operations — operating, in collaboration with client-run Harbour Authorities, a national system of harbours critical to Canada's commercial fishing industry; coordinating efforts to maintain and recruit Harbour Authorities; providing support and guidance on harbour management; addressing the changing needs of commercial fishing and aquaculture industries;
• Maintenance — providing strategic direction for harbour and facility development, repair and maintenance; providing the comprehensive program and project planning required to develop and maintain essential harbours; and promoting efficient and effective project delivery mechanisms to ensure harbour safety and optimal management of client needs; and
• Divestiture — divesting harbours not essential for Canada's commercial fishing industry; monitoring compliance with terms and conditions of divestiture agreements pursuant to divestiture of non-essential harbours; implementing safety measures and ensuring minimal maintenance at non-essential harbours as required; and undertaking pre-divestiture repairs or providing equivalent grants in support of divestiture.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Infrastructure maintenance accounts for the majority of the resources used to carry out Small Craft Harbours sub-activities. In addition to infrastructure maintenance, the Department will focus on the following plans for Small Craft Harbours sub-activities during the current planning period.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Operations
Facilitate larger geographic groupings or shared services (harbour administration, operation and professional management) among HAs to achieve better economies of scale Increase the number of existing essential fishing harbours managed by HAs Support the existing network of HA Advisory Committees at the area, regional and national levels as a means of communicating between HAs and DFO and ensuring that these entities truly represent Harbour Authorities Assess DFO's national standard lease agreement with HAs to give HAs the ability to take advantage of other funding opportunities, to clarify roles and responsibilities, to distinguish between property management and harbour management, maintenance and operations and to ensure national consistency Develop and disseminate to all HAs national training packages, tools and guides for all aspects of harbour management, maintenance and operations Develop and produce promotional tools to increase awareness of the HA program in local communities to solicit the interest of new volunteers Ensure compliance with federal, provincial and municipal regulations	Efficient and effective management of all essential fishing harbours by HAs Compliance with environmental and health and safety standards	Percentage of existing core fishing harbours managed by HAs Percentage of core fishing harbours that have Environmental Management Plans in place
Maintenance
Identify and implement strategic opportunities to improve project delivery by investigating alternative delivery mechanisms Increase the role of Harbour Authorities in project management Prepare and implement an annual expenditure plan on the basis of the project priority ranking process to ensure that current harbour facilities have safe structural and operating conditions and accommodate changing client mixes over the longer term	Condition and functional adequacy of harbours essential for Canada's fishing industry that meet client expectations Cost effective and efficient management of maintenance and repair activities	Performance ratings at core fishing harbours Condition of facilities at core fishing harbours Recommended actions of joint PWGSC/SCH Committee on engineering fees and project management assessed and implemented as appropriate and feasible
Divestiture
Conduct pre-divestiture repairs or provide grants, with priority going to those with the most urgent requirements or best opportunities	Recreational and low-activity fishing harbours are divested with minimal negative impact on communities Non-essential fishing harbours pending divestiture are safe, and active recreational harbours remain operational	Number of recreational and low-activity fishing harbours divested per year Number of harbours divested annually versus total number of harbours to be divested Percentage of SCH total maintenance budget expended on non-essential fishing harbours and recreational harbours pending divestiture Percentage of facilities at non-essential fishing harbours and of recreational harbours that are "fair", "good" or "very good" Percentage of "fair", "good" or "very good" performance ratings at non-core harbours

Program Activity: Science

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Provision of scientific research, monitoring, advice, products and services and data management in support of safe and accessible waterways. These functions are provided through a network of research facilities in collaboration with other government departments, private sector, academia and international organizations.

Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Hydrographic and ocean science information, products and services used to support the maritime transportation infrastructure of Canada and to ensure safe navigation and sovereignty	Proportion of service level targets met Amount of work completed versus planned for the preparation of Canada's claim to the continental shelf beyond 200nm (UNCLOS) Annual distribution of hydrographic charts, publications and information brochures

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Science

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Providing products and services for navigation	32.7	32.4	32.4
Supporting maritime safety and security and Canadian sovereignty	3.7	4.0	4.0
Sub-total	36.5	36.4	36.4
Program Enablers1	11.5	11.2	10.7
Total	48.0	47.5	47.1
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Science	274	274	274
Program Enablers1	74	75	73
Total	348	349	347

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on Program Enablers.

Science Sub-activities

Science in support of safe and accessible waterways is delivered by means of two program sub-activities:

• Providing products and services for navigation — providing up-to-date, timely and accurate hydrographic products and services through surveys, measures and charts that describe the physical features of Canada's oceans, seas, rivers and lakes; and
• Supporting maritime safety and security and Canadian sovereignty — providing hydrographic data and information to support territorial claims and international disputes associated with limits and boundaries, as well as undertaking oceanographic research and monitoring that enable the forecasting of ocean conditions and provide insight into the impacts of climate change on navigation.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Ongoing operations account for the majority of the resources used to carry out Science sub-activities in support of safe and accessible waterways. In addition to ongoing operations, the Department will focus on the following plans for Science sub-activities in support of safe and accessible waterways during the current planning period.

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Providing Products and Services for Navigation
Continue to apply a risk-based approach and the level-of-service initiative to the management of the hydrographic portfolio of navigational products Initiate the development of a model for increased private-sector participation in the printing and distribution of Canadian Hydrographic Service navigational products	Hydrographic chart coverage in Canadian waters Delivery and maintenance of navigation products based on risk classification and Levels of Service Access to and use of navigation tools by mariners and industry Integration of nautical information and products	Proportion of service level targets met Annual distribution of hydrographic charts, publications and information brochures
Supporting Maritime Safety and Security and Canadian Sovereignty
Provide information, data and evidence to prepare Canada's submission to the United Nations Commission for the Limits of the Continental Shelf; plans for 2007-08 include a winter through the ice survey in the Eastern Arctic, an icebreaker-based survey in the Western Arctic and seismic surveys in the Atlantic Continue to collaborate with the Department of National Defence (DND) to develop a common database and source-capture methodology to support interoperability between Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC) and Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) products	Increased ability to forecast ocean events and ice conditions, resulting in improved decision-making Increased hydrographic and ocean event data available to users to ensure security and safety (e.g. DND, RCMP, CCG) Increased data to delineate the limits of offshore Canadian jurisdiction	Amount of work completed versus planned for preparation of Canada's claim to the continental shelf beyond 200nm (UNCLOS)

Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture

Delivering an integrated fisheries and aquaculture program that is credible, science based, affordable, and effective, and contributes to sustainable wealth for Canadians

Commercial and recreational fishing are important sources of revenue in parts of Canada where few other economic opportunities exist. The Atlantic fishing industry employs more than 84,000 people, and the Pacific fisheries provide employment for 14,000 fishers and plant workers. Despite declines in the historically valuable groundfish stocks of Atlantic Canada and the lucrative salmon fisheries of the Pacific coast, abundant harvests of snow crab, lobster and shrimp are pushing Canadian fishery exports to new highs. In 2004, Canada's fish and seafood exports reached $4.5 billion - the highest value on record. And Canadian sport fishing continues to inject billions of dollars into local economies each year.

Canada's commercial fishery is characterized by a multitude of small operators and a handful of large vertically integrated companies that are continually faced with challenges in light of a complex mix of biological, economic and social factors. After record landed values in the commercial fishery in 2004, the industry is now facing a number of important economic and resource issues. A high Canadian dollar against the US dollar is hurting our exports of fishery products, as 80% of Canada's fish is sold in US dollars. Global competition, in particular low-cost producers from China, as well as price and resource declines in Atlantic shellfish and Pacific salmon fisheries, are hampering the long-term viability of harvesting and processing operations that are crucial to many rural and remote coastal communities.

The viability of many of Canada's coastal communities is directly linked to the health of the fisheries. As world demand for fish and seafood products soars, there is a need to be increasingly vigilant about the health of our fisheries and the integrity of the ecosystems that support them. New technologies have made it easier to catch and process far more fish than can be harvested sustainably. In other words, there simply may not be enough wild fish to keep pace with the rising demand.

The decline of some historically valuable stocks in the 1990s made it clear that ecosystems are complex living systems that respond to human activity and global environmental changes in unpredictable and variable ways. Sustainable fisheries management is essential to maximizing and sustaining the prosperity afforded by the marine resources and to achieving social and economic objectives. Sustainable fisheries management relies on robust scientific information and advice, sustainable resource management and fishing practices, and effective compliance with rules and regulations.

Fisheries Management Renewal (FMR) is a package of program renewal undertakings that promote a strong and healthy resource and an improved relationship with resource users and other stakeholders. It sets out to achieve four objectives: strong conservation outcomes, shared stewardship, stable access and allocation, and effective compliance. The FMR agenda is being implemented in concert with Science Renewal, especially in regard to the achievement of strong conservation outcomes, which include an increasing focus on the scientific study and evaluation of Canada's aquatic ecosystems. The renewal agenda recognizes that Canada's fisheries can be sustainable over the short and long term only if there is conservation and sustainable use of the resource and if the fishing industry is viable.

The growing world demand for fish, coupled with the inability of wild fish stocks to sustainably meet demand, has kindled much interest in aquaculture - the farming of fish, shellfish and aquatic plants. Aquaculture currently produces nearly one-third of the fish and shellfish consumed worldwide; by 2010, it could account for nearly half of the world's fisheries production. In Canada, aquaculturists are cultivating everything from salmon and halibut to mussels and scallops. In doing so, they are bringing much-needed economic diversification to many coastal communities.

This strategic outcome is about delivering an integrated fisheries and aquaculture program that is credible, science based, affordable, and effective, and contributes to sustainable wealth for Canadians. This will result in sustainable fisheries and aquaculture. Ensuring conservation and sustainable use of Canada's fisheries resources depends on sound scientific research and advice and on the development of a modernized fisheries management regime that is integrated with the broader oceans management agenda.

This strategic outcome is delivered through three program activities:

• Fisheries Management;
• Aquaculture; and
• Science.

Operating Environment

DFO continues to pursue a renewal agenda that focuses on modernizing the decision-making system and building new relationships with resource users based on shared stewardship. Efforts will be guided by the principles of ecosystem-based management, predictability, stability and transparency. The challenge is to create the conditions for improving the economic viability and performance of the fishing and aquaculture sectors.

These changes are essential to meeting the challenges of the Species at Risk Act, mitigating the effects of climate change and achieving sustainable fisheries. DFO will work with other levels of government and resource users to develop recovery strategies for fisheries facing serious conservation and socio-economic challenges.

The Department is committed to fostering the growth of a sustainable aquaculture industry. It will do this by enhancing public confidence in the sector, increasing the industry's global competitiveness, seeking to maintain a healthy environment, ensuring healthy fish products and cooperatively managing aquatic resources based on sound science.

Directly related to the Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture strategic outcome are a number of departmental and Government of Canada initiatives and priorities that the Department's Science Program must support. These include the International Fisheries and Oceans Governance Strategy, Aquatic Invasive Species, and the National Aquatic Animal Health Program, as well as important horizontal initiatives such as the Canadian Biotechnology Strategy.

In addition to these initiatives, departmental priorities associated with fisheries renewal and the Aquaculture Framework Agreement will also require Science support to ensure that associated policies, programs and regulations have a sound foundation in the natural sciences and a reasonable likelihood of achieving their intended goals and outcomes.

Given the increasing demand for science, the challenge of supporting numerous separate although related initiatives, and the growing complexity of science-based issues, the Science Program continues to implement a strategy that reflects the need for an ecosystem-based approach, as well as flexibility to respond to emerging departmental and federal priorities in the interest of Canadians.

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Fisheries Management	282.3	277.0	274.5
Aquaculture	3.9	3.9	3.9
Science in support of Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture	134.3	130.3	128.9
Program Enablers1	126.0	126.5	122.7
Total	546.5	537.7	530.1
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Fisheries Management	1,445	1,445	1,445
Aquaculture	29	29	29
Science in support of Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture	993	987	986
Program Enablers1	732	729	703
Total	3,198	3,190	3,163

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Program Activity: Fisheries Management

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Conservation of Canada's fisheries resources to ensure sustainable resource utilization through close collaboration with resource users and stakeholders.

Expected Results
Conservation of stocks and habitat Sustainable resource use for present and future generations

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Fisheries Management

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Resource Management	66.0	64.9	64.9
Aboriginal Policy and Governance	61.7	58.7	56.8
Salmon Enhancement Program	29.0	29.0	29.0
International Fisheries Conservation	7.5	7.5	7.5
Conservation and Protection	118.2	116.9	116.4
Sub-Total	282.3	277.0	274.5
Program Enablers1	68.2	67.1	66.1
Total	350.5	344.1	340.6
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Fisheries Management	1,445	1,445	1,445
Program Enablers1	461	464	448
Total	1,906	1,909	1,893

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Fisheries Management Sub-activities

This program activity is delivered via five program sub-activities:

• Resource management — delivering policies, programs and plans, in partnership with industry, to manage and protect fishery resources, to ensure sustainability and provide for the fair allocation and distribution of harvestable surpluses among those dependent on the resource;
• Aboriginal policy and governance — providing policy advice on Aboriginal fishing issues, negotiating agreements on the management of Aboriginal fisheries, integrating agreements into overall management frameworks, advising on land claims and self-government, and promoting fisheries-related economic opportunities for Aboriginal communities;
• Salmon Enhancement Program — focusing on fish production to preserve vulnerable stocks and sustain fisheries, increasing public awareness and building community involvement capacity;
• International fisheries conservation — negotiating and administering international treaties and agreements affecting conservation, allocations, the conduct of bilateral and multilateral fisheries relations with other countries, the settlement of fisheries issues related to maritime boundary disputes, and the formulation and presentation of international fisheries conservation advice to the Minister; and
• Conservation and protection — deploying Fishery Officers to ensure compliance with the legislation, regulations and fishing plans relating to conservation and sustainable use of the resource through promotion, monitoring and enforcement.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Ongoing operations account for the majority of the resources used to carry out Fisheries Management sub-activities. In addition to ongoing operations, the Department will focus on the following plans for Fisheries Management sub-activities during the current planning period.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Resource Management
Lead the Integrated Fisheries Management Plans (IFMP) process and delivery of IFMP (over 180 IFMPs in 6 regions) that:   Protect fish stocks and marine mammals to ensure future abundance   Provide for fair and transparent decision-making regarding access to and allocation of harvestable fisheries resources Manage Aboriginal, commercial and recreational fisheries in accordance with legislation, departmental policies, IFMPs and fishing plans Develop and deliver policies, programs and consultations that support sustainable fisheries and conservation of fishery resources	IFMPs Economic and social benefits from fisheries while ensuring conservation of stocks Improved inter-fleet and inter-province relations over fisheries Increased acceptance of decision processes
Aboriginal Policy and Governance
DFO will continue to work with First Nations and Aboriginal groups to achieve an integrated fishery; DFO's priority is an integrated, strong and sustainable fishery with opportunity for all fishers Negotiate and implement agreements on the management of Aboriginal food, social and ceremonial and commercial fisheries Improve administrative governance structures and expertise around the use and management of aquatic resources and ocean spaces that can be employed in broader spheres of governance while easing the transition to modern treaties and comprehensive claims Negotiate, support and implement land claims and self-government agreements Integrate agreements into overall management frameworks Promote fisheries-related economic opportunities for Aboriginal communities	Increased integration of Aboriginal peoples in the commercial fishing industry Increased participation of Aboriginal groups in fisheries co-management activities Increased and more effective participation of Aboriginal groups in DFO/multi-stakeholder aquatic resource and oceans management structures and processes More collaborative relations among DFO, Aboriginal groups and non-Aboriginal resource users	Extent of Aboriginal participation in fisheries management committees, boards, and other decision-making bodies under agreements Number of funding agreements dedicated to co-management projects Number of individuals employed full-time on fisheries-related projects sponsored by the agreements
Salmon Enhancement Program (SEP)
Continue fish production to preserve vulnerable stocks and sustain fisheries Conduct public involvement programs to increase public awareness and build community involvement and capacity Undertake habitat restoration for salmon to restore, rebuild and sustain populations Assess and coordinate regional enhancement activities	Fishery opportunities Enhancement supported recovery of vulnerable stocks Increased awareness and stewardship to conserve and protect fish and fish habitat Improvement of fish habitat Coordinated and consistent approach to enhancement activities (linked to other sub-activities)	Number of sustainable fishing opportunities directed toward enhanced stocks Number of stocks enhanced as part of a recovery strategy Number of people (stewards, volunteers, students and others) participating in stewardship activities Number of watersheds with restored habitat Maintenance of SEP databases (production targets, fish production and SEP assessment) Inclusion of SEP production targets in North and South Coast IFMPs
International Fisheries Conservation
Participate in multilateral fisheries conservation organizations and regional fisheries management Provide strategic advice to the Minister and senior officials and contribute to domestic fisheries and marine mammals management with respect to considerations related to international components; international bilateral and multilateral issues, including eliminating IUU fishing; appointments of Canadian representatives to international organizations; status of fisheries relations; proposals from stakeholders Develop and maintain bilateral fisheries relations and, where appropriate, formalize them under MOUs or agreements on fisheries cooperation Conduct consultations with industry and other stakeholders Lead bilateral and multilateral fisheries relations with international counterparts on overfishing and international fisheries governance Undertake targeted diplomatic interventions to advocate Canada's strategy on addressing overfishing and to gain international support for these efforts Provide Canadian embassies with intelligence and strategic advice to advance Canadian fisheries conservation objectives abroad Negotiate agreements to advance Canada's fisheries and conservation interests Participate in the negotiation, administration and review of international legal instruments affecting the long-term sustainability of fisheries and their related and dependent species	Sustainable conservation targets consistent with scientific advice Compliance with conservation targets Sound international fisheries governance consistent with international obligations	State of international fish stocks managed by RFMOs of which Canada is a member Extent to which management measures of international fish stocks reflect sustainable conservation targets consistent with scientific advice Annual compliance review reports published in all RFMOs
Conservation and Protection
Coordinated effort toward setting program priorities and resource allocation by C&P managers (national headquarters, regional headquarters, area offices) ensuring the effective deployment of C&P personnel to promote compliance and deter non-compliance in relation to legislation and departmental management measures related to:   International fisheries   Commercial fisheries   Recreational fisheries   Aboriginal fisheries   Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program   Aquaculture Management   Habitat Management   Oceans Management   Species at risk   Maritime security	Enhanced compliance with legislation, regulations and management measures (conditions of permits, licences, authorizations, orders, etc.) Stabilization of human, financial and material resources to support the effective operational capacity of the program Effective deterrence against illegal fishing activities in the NAFO Regulatory Area Increased compliance with NAFO conservation and enforcement measures	Feedback from clients, stakeholders, public Trend analysis of:   Number of violations per unit of monitoring effort   Level of civil disobedience   Number of convictions/charges laid   Average amount of fines   Number of violent incidents per hours of patrol Stabilization of major non-compliance issues to an acceptable level Extent of funding and staffing of identified essential positions Demonstrated readjustment of funding allocations to priorities Change in number of:   Air surveillance hours and fishing vessels identified on or outside of the East Coast 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zone boundary   C&P vessel patrol days in the NAFO Regulatory Area   Canadian inspections on fishing vessels at sea in the NAFO Regulatory Area   Canadian inspections on fishing vessels in Canadian ports   Canadian inspections on fishing vessels from foreign countries   Infringements prosecuted/followed up by contracting parties   Infringements detected per inspection conducted and per air and sea surveillance hours Level of fishing activity in the NAFO Regulatory Area by NAFO contracting and non-NAFO vessels

Program Activity: Aquaculture

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Creation of conditions for a vibrant and innovative aquaculture industry that is environmentally and socially responsible, economically viable and internationally competitive.

DFO's vision for aquaculture development in Canada is to benefit Canadians through the culture of aquatic organisms while upholding the ecological and socio-economic values associated with Canada's oceans and inland waters. DFO is the lead organization for the aquaculture file at the federal level. DFO's aquaculture functions are provided through a horizontally managed and integrated intradepartmental approach, in collaboration with other federal departments, provincial and territorial governments, industry, the private sector, non-government organizations, and other stakeholders.

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Aquaculture

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Aquaculture	3.9	3.9	3.9
Program Enablers1	1.1	1.1	1.0
Total	5.0	5.0	5.0
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Aquaculture	29	29	29
Program Enablers1	8	8	8
Total	37	37	37

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Activity

Ongoing operations account for the majority of the resources used to carry out Aquaculture activities (there are no sub-activities). In addition to ongoing operations, the Department will focus on the following plans for Aquaculture activities during the current planning period.

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Aquaculture Renewal: Streamlining and harmonizing the legal framework and addressing longstanding gaps in strategic support available to the sector to position the industry for enhanced profitability, self-sufficiency and international competitiveness Program for Sustainable Aquaculture: Assess and mitigate aquaculture's potential impacts on aquatic ecosystems through scientific R&D; partnering with industry; collaborating with other government departments to maintain consumer and market confidence in the safety and quality of aquaculture products Aquaculture management: All mandated or legislated activities such as Introduction and Transfers of aquatic organisms, Access to Wild Resources for aquaculture purposes, site access/ application requirements	A federal legislative and regulatory framework more responsive to public and industry needs that includes strengthened measures to protect human health and is based on scientific knowledge that supports decision-making (informed and objective decision-making) Efficient coordination of and reporting on aquaculture activities (including budgeting and reporting) across the Department and regions for the Program for Sustainable Aquaculture and aquaculture more generally Aquaculturists have the tools needed to become self-sufficient, address emerging needs and priorities, compete effectively in domestic and international markets, and create and seize opportunities in the areas of science and innovation, food safety and environmental stewardship (sound and integrated governance)	Mandate sought for Aquaculture Renewal initiative Variance from planned resourcing (actual versus planned expenditures) for the Program for Sustainable Aquaculture Level of stakeholder confidence and perception of aquaculture gauged through ongoing consultations on major aquaculture files

Program Activity: Science

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Provision of scientific research, monitoring, advice, products and services and data management in support of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture. These functions are provided through a network of research facilities in collaboration with other government departments, private sector, academia and international organizations.

Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Science advice to inform the sustainable harvest of wild and cultured fish and other aquatic resources, and to contribute to sustainable wealth	Scientific production by Fisheries and Oceans Level of scientific partnering Canadian confidence in DFO Science Number of responses to requests for science advice Variance from planned resourcing

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Science

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Monitoring and assessing the status of fishery resources	64.8	60.9	60.8
Supporting the assessment and recovery of species at risk	2.8	2.8	2.8
Researching aquatic invasive species and monitoring aquatic animal diseases	18.3	18.3	18.3
Supporting sustainable aquaculture and understanding aquaculture-environment interactions	12.6	12.6	12.6
Applying genomics and biotechnology to aquatic ecosystems	3.4	3.4	3.4
Contributing to science management in DFO and the Government of Canada	32.4	32.3	31.1
Sub-total	134.3	130.3	128.9
Program Enablers1	56.7	58.4	55.6
Total	191.0	188.6	184.5
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Science	993	987	986
Program Enablers1	263	257	247
Total	1,256	1,244	1,233

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Science Sub-activities

Science in support of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture is delivered through six program sub-activities:

• Monitoring and assessing the status of fishery resources — providing scientific advice on the status of stocks and conservation objectives for fish, invertebrate and marine mammals, in support of decision-making on sustainable harvest levels and international negotiations on the management of straddling stocks;
• Supporting the assessment and recovery of species at risk — conducting research and monitoring, including strategies, action plans and identification of critical habitat, to provide advice on the status of aquatic species, the issuance of permits and agreements, and the recovery of species at risk;
• Researching aquatic invasive species and monitoring aquatic animal diseases — providing advice, including surveillance, detection and reporting of diseases of national and international importance in wild and cultured aquatic animals, to assist efforts to prevent the introduction of aquatic invasive species and animal diseases and to control them when they are introduced;
• Supporting sustainable aquaculture and understanding aquaculture-environment interactions — undertaking research directed toward improved production and environmental performance of the aquaculture industry and the increased understanding of interactions between aquaculture and the environment;
• Applying genomics and biotechnology to aquatic ecosystems — developing and adopting leading-edge genomics and biotechnology tools to improve the Department's ability to protect endangered species, manage opening and closing of fisheries, avoid overexploitation of resources, prosecute poachers, improve aquaculture practices, control disease outbreaks, remediate contaminated sites, and regulate aquatic organisms with novel traits; and
• Contributing to science management in DFO and the Government of Canada — providing national management functions to support the Science Program within the Department and across federal science-based departments and agencies.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Ongoing operations account for the majority of the resources used to carry out Science sub-activities in support of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture. In addition to ongoing operations, the Department will focus on the following plans for Science sub-activities in support of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture during the current planning period.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Monitoring and Assessing the Status of Fishery Resources
Support Canada's strategy to curb overfishing and strengthen international fisheries governance by improving knowledge of the structure, functioning and properties of high seas ecosystems, as well as the ecological impacts of fishing Assist Fisheries and Aquaculture Management in applying the precautionary approach, implementing the Pacific Wild Salmon Policy and the Sustainable Fisheries Strategy, and providing advice on conservation objectives	Increased knowledge of stock-specific conservation requirements and the impacts of harvesting for use by decision-makers Increased knowledge of sustainable fisheries practices for use by industry and subsistence fishers
Supporting the Assessment and Recovery of Species at Risk
Provide information to the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada in support of its efforts to identify and assess species that may be at risk Provide advice on the issuance of Species at Risk Act (SARA) permits and agreements by the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans under Sections 73 and 74 of the Act Provide advice on the recovery of species at risk; this includes developing and implementing recovery strategies and action plans, identifying habitats and evaluating the chances of recovery Support consultations on species that are candidates for Schedule 1 listing	Increased knowledge to support recommendations for SARA listing and for the issuing of permits Increased knowledge in support of actions for the recovery of listed species
Researching Aquatic Invasive Species and Monitoring Aquatic Animal Diseases
Continue implementing Canada's Action Plan to Address the Threat of Aquatic Invasive Species by undertaking research and conducting risk assessments to address high-priority species, pathways of invasion and geographic locations; work will continue on planning activities associated with the rapid response to newly discovered introductions, and the development of the national Aquatic Invasive Species database; methodologies for detecting new invasions and tracking the spread of established populations will be examined Continue implementing the National Aquatic Animal Health Program (NAAHP); Science will establish a National Diagnostic and Research Laboratory System for the delivery of information required to support new aquatic animal health regulations being developed by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Assist with the development of new aquatic animal health regulations under Canadian Food Inspection Agency's Health of Animals Act and work with the Agency to ensure delivery of federal responsibilities	Increased knowledge of pathways, controls and impacts of aquatic invasive species for use by decision-makers Enhanced ability to prevent serious disease outbreaks and certify aquatic animal health status in support of the Canadian fish/seafood trade
Supporting Sustainable Aquaculture and Understanding Aquaculture-Environment Interactions
Develop and operationalize a national integrated aquaculture science framework Provide scientific information and advice on the interactions between aquaculture and the environment, notably on the science underpinning aquaculture performance, monitoring requirements, operational standards and best management practices Coordinate and engage in collaborative research and development in support of sustainable aquaculture and the commercialization of innovations	Increased knowledge for use by decision-makers for the development of aquaculture policies and guidelines Increased knowledge of sustainable aquaculture practices for use by the aquaculture industry
Applying Genomics and Biotechnology to Aquatic Ecosystems
Continue to identify genetic markers to improve species and strain identification Develop and apply genomic tools to detect and monitor aquatic animal diseases, as well as environmental stress in aquatic ecosystems Develop bio-remediation technologies to support remediation of contaminated sites Conduct research on the genetics, biology, physiology, behaviour and fitness of novel and transgenic fish in support of the Department's regulatory obligations to administer the New Substances Notification Regulations under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act Continue to fulfil a regulatory role through implementation of the New Substances Program for notifications of aquatic animals with novel traits, including genetically engineered fish for import or manufacture; also develop new aquatic-specific regulations	Increased incorporation of biotechnology and genomics information in scientific information and advice by decision-makers managing aquatic resources Increased knowledge and capacity to regulate aquatic animals with novel traits Improved processes for evaluation/approval of aquatic animals with novel traits
Contributing to Science Management in DFO and the Government of Canada
Continue to implement the renewal of the Science Program with a view to finishing in the next two to five years Continue to integrate the Department's science and technology efforts with the broader national agenda for science and technology (e.g., the Federal Laboratory Infrastructure Project) Pursue opportunities to build knowledge and recognition of DFO's scientific achievements through strategic public outreach initiatives with national partners	Increased understanding of use of resources (e.g., financial, human, facilities) More effective participation in departmental and interdepartmental S&T initiatives	Variance from planned resourcing

Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems

Sustainable development and integrated management of resources in or around Canada's aquatic environment through oceans and fish habitat management

Oceans and Habitat Sector, with support from Science Sector, is primarily responsible for the development and protection of the aquatic environment. Sustainable development is the fundamental principle that guides this strategic outcome - supporting a balanced approach to a wide range of economic opportunities while meeting important environmental protection needs and supporting the social needs of communities, including those of Aboriginal peoples.

Oceans and Habitat Sector applies the principle of sustainable development to oceans and habitat management by adopting key practices such as the precautionary approach, integrated management, ecosystem and watershed planning, partnering arrangements with stakeholders and effective and efficient regulation. Science Sector provides scientific research, monitoring, advice, data management and products and services to support the integrated management of oceans. Together, the two sectors work with other federal agencies, provincial and territorial governments, municipalities, industry sectors, Aboriginal people, non-government organizations, academia and others who represent a full spectrum of socio-economic activities and environmental interests, both domestically and internationally. These partnerships facilitate the conservation and sustainable use of Canada's oceans; enable the conservation and protection of freshwater and marine fish habitat; and ensure the provision of timely and up-to-date scientific knowledge and products.

The clientele is diverse, ranging from traditional water users related to fishing, marine transportation and energy development, to growing industries such as mining, aquaculture, tourism and oil and gas exploration and production.

Operating Environment

Oceans are an inherent part of Canada's environmental, social, cultural and economic fabric. However, the diverse needs of multiple oceans users place a great deal of pressure on marine resources. The current and forecast strong economic growth resulting from both onshore and offshore development will have a significant impact on oceans both now and for the foreseeable future. Consequently, modern oceans management arrangements must deal with a number of challenges including oceans health, marine habitat loss, declining biodiversity, growing demands for access to ocean resources and regulatory and jurisdictional complexities. There is a clear need to manage oceans activities in a sustainable way if the potential benefits to local communities are to be realized while ensuring that the oceans environments are protected.

As the administrative authority for the habitat protection provisions of the Fisheries Act, the Department's Habitat Management Program (HMP) is the key federal environmental regulator for most development projects that occur in and around marine and freshwater ecosystems across Canada. On an annual basis some 9,000-10,000 projects, commonly known as referrals, are submitted to HMP for review of the impact on fish and fish habitat and to ensure compliance with the habitat protection provisions of the Fisheries Act. These include a wide range of small to large development projects (from docks and water crossings to aquaculture, mining, hydro and oil and gas development) that can result in a variety of small- to large-scale impacts on fish and fish habitat. The regulatory decisions taken by DFO under the Fisheries Act as a result of these reviews must be made in a manner that respects the legislative requirements of the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA) and the Species at Risk Act (SARA). These decisions have significant implications for industry, communities and individuals, as well as for sustainable development.

Because of the continuing surge in economic development activities taking place across Canada, particularly in natural resource-based economic sectors and in the North, HMP has faced increasing operational and financial program capacity pressures over the past few years. The Program is also dealing with the referral of more complex projects for regulatory review and environmental assessment. In addition, there are heightened expectations for stakeholder consultations, as well as higher legal thresholds for consultations with Aboriginal communities.

While Canada's Oceans Action Plan is focused on clearly defined deliverables and outputs, it also serves as a broader conceptual umbrella for a wide range of marine activities for both the Department and the Government of Canada. These activities include the International Fisheries and Oceans Governance Strategy, integrated oceans management and Marine Protected Areas, as well as scientific advice and support on offshore energy development and climate change.

These initiatives and departmental priorities associated with the Environmental Process Modernization Plan (EPMP) in the Habitat Management Program will require support from Science to ensure that associated policies, programs and regulations have a sound foundation in the natural sciences and a reasonable likelihood of achieving their intended goals and outcomes.

Given the increasing demand for science, the challenge of supporting numerous separate but related initiatives, and the growing complexity of science-based issues and ocean uses, the Science Program continues to adopt a strategy that reflects the need for an ecosystem-based approach, as well as flexibility to respond to emerging departmental and federal priorities in the interests of Canadians.

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Oceans Management	15.9	15.9	15.9
Habitat Management	62.2	61.8	57.8
Science in support of Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems	51.8	51.7	50.2
Program Enablers1	45.0	48.0	45.3
Total	174.9	177.4	169.1
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Oceans Management	118	118	118
Habitat Management	496	496	496
Science in support of Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems	405	405	405
Program Enablers1	257	260	243
Total	1,276	1,279	1,262

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Program Activity: Oceans Management

http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/index-eng.asp

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Conservation and sustainable use of Canada's oceans, in collaboration with others, through integrated oceans management plans which include marine protected areas and marine environmental quality objectives.

Expected Results

Performance Indicators

Marine activities proactively managed and the health of Canada's oceans preserved in collaboration with stakeholders

Number of integrated management plans developed to collaboratively manage oceans activities within Large Ocean Management Areas (LOMAs); related measures that should be determinable near the end of the planning period are the number of identified activities or management strategies within plans that have moved to the implementation phase Number of Ecosystem Overview and Assessment Report processes that have been completed Number of high-priority ecologically and biologically significant sites that have adequate conservation measures in place Effectiveness of governance bodies established across the country Number of government-wide or multi-departmental policies developed as a result of the Integrated Oceans Management process both regionally and nationally Number of data integration and dissemination nodes

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Oceans Management

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Integrated Management	5.4	5.45.4
Marine Protected Areas	2.3	2.3	2.3
Other Oceans Management	8.2	8.2	8.2
Sub-total	15.9	15.9	15.9
Program Enablers1	5.3	5.1	5.1
Total	21.2	21.0	21.0
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Oceans Management	118	118	118
Program Enablers1	32	32	32
Total	150	150	150

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Oceans Management Sub-activities

The Oceans Management program activity is delivered through three program sub-activities:

• Integrated Management — adopting spatially based planning and management processes of Canada's ocean resources, through the use of an ecosystem-based approach to manage, conserve and protect sensitive marine ecosystems.
• Marine Protected Areas — designating Marine Protected Areas to protect priority sensitive marine areas through special regulatory measures.
• Other Oceans Management — strengthening domestic and international leadership in oceans management through collaborative partnerships with other federal departments, Aboriginal organizations, provincial and territorial jurisdictions, international organizations, academic researchers and industry interest groups. This will enable the roll-out of coherent policies and programs that effectively address oceans management opportunities and challenges.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Ongoing operations account for the majority of the resources used to carry out Oceans Management sub-activities. In addition to ongoing operations, the Department will focus on the following plans for Oceans Management sub-activities during the current planning period.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Integrated Management
Develop guidance documents to support the advancement of integrated management within LOMAs Develop regional and national governance structures to support the development and implementation of Integrated Management Plans Finalize Ecological Overview and Assessment Reports for each LOMA and identify Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas, Species and Properties and establishment of Ecosystem Objectives Develop an Integrated Management Plan for each LOMA Collaborate with the Oceans Task Group of the Canadian Council of Fisheries and Aquaculture Ministers to advance oceans management issues of interest to both levels of government Undertake seabed mapping in five priority areas for integrated management planning and to support delineation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) Support federal activities to advance the Arctic Marine Strategic Plan, through participation in the Arctic Council's Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment working group and its Ecosystem Expert Group, for advancing an ecosystem-based management approach in the Arctic Continue to apply ecosystem-based management approaches in trans-boundary areas in cooperation with the United States (e.g., Gulf of Maine, Beaufort Sea within context of the Arctic Council) Share ecosystem-based management approaches	Governance structures in place to coordinate and effectively manage oceans activities Integrated Management Plan for each LOMA that is endorsed by partners and stakeholders A complementary Canada-US approach to ecosystem-based management including monitoring and assessment on a large scale (Large Marine Ecosystems, LOMAs)	Regional Implementation Committees and Stakeholder Advisory Committees (or equivalents) have been established for each LOMA Technical working groups established where appropriate to provide expert advice to Regional Implementation Committees Ecological Overview and Assessment Reports are complete for each LOMA Number of Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas are identified within each LOMA Number of Ecologically and Biologically Significant Species and Properties are identified within each LOMA An Integrated Management Plan has been created for each LOMA An Ecological Overview and Assessment Report of the Gulf of Maine ecosystem A common approach to ecosystem-based management in the Beaufort Sea LOMA, including the selection of scale indicators for monitoring and assessing the ecosystem and setting ecosystem objectives
Marine Protected Areas
Complete designation process for remaining Areas of Interest Identify candidate MPAs in the five LOMAs as building blocks of the national MPA network Develop and implement management plans for the designated MPAs Implement the federal MPA strategy to establish a federal network of marine protected areas Refine tools and processes for MPA designation and implementation (e.g., social science research questions) Explore opportunities to address cross-boundary conservation issues Communicate the government-wide strategy for MPAs	Improved understanding of the health and viability of marine ecosystems and their associated living resources Priority ecologically and biologically significant areas are conserved to ensure continued ecosystem sustainability of the Canadian marine environment	Number of Areas of Interest in each LOMA Number of priority ecologically and biologically significant areas that may lead to the creation of MPAs Number of DFO MPAs established Number of DFO MPAs with management plans completed Number of Protected Areas (including those designated by Parks Canada and Environment Canada) per year
Other Oceans Management
Facilitate engagement of partners and stakeholders in policy and program development Enable the development of a comprehensive network of policies, programs and approaches supported by a common knowledge base	More integrated management regime with strengthened leadership for conservation and sustainable use of our oceans Better informed policies and programs by all levels of government, Aboriginal organizations and other stakeholders Complementary approach to oceans management among key partners and stakeholders	Number of regular meetings to engage key partners (such as federal/provincial/territorial governments, non-governmental organizations, academics, Aboriginal organizations, etc.) Number of public websites for communication and outreach Number of studies, papers, workshops initiated by or with partners Number of proposed frameworks with Aboriginal content Number of new/revised policies and white papers Number of federal/provincial/territorial joint initiatives Number of peer review advisory processes involving federal/provincial/territorial participants

Program Activity: Habitat Management

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Protection and conservation of freshwater and marine fish habitat, in collaboration with others, through a balanced application of regulatory and non-regulatory activities including reviewing development proposals, conducting environmental assessments and monitoring compliance and effectiveness.

As part of the departmental priority Environmental Process Modernization, the Habitat Management Program is focusing on the implementation of the Environmental Process Modernization Plan. The expected results of these efforts include healthy and productive fish habitat.

Expected Results

Performance Indicators

Healthy and productive fish habitat available to sustain the production of fish species and populations that Canadians value

Number of operational statements, best management practices and letters of advice issued and used to reduce or eliminate the impact on fish and fish habitat resulting from development projects. Number of authorizations, including compensation plans issued and applied, to offset the loss of fish habitat as a result of development projects Number of site inspections to verify conformity with terms and conditions of operational statements, best management practices, letters of advice and authorizations and compliance with the habitat protection provisions of the Fisheries Act The effectiveness of monitoring studies conducted by proponents and submitted to DFO for evaluation

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Habitat Management

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Conservation and protection of fish habitat	26.3	26.1	22.1
Environmental assessment	12.6	14.3	14.3
Other habitat management	23.3	21.4	21.4
Sub-total	62.2	61.8	57.8
Program Enablers1	17.6	16.7	15.6
Total	79.8	78.6	73.3
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Habitat Management	496	496	496
Program Enablers1	121	122	111
Total	617	618	607

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Habitat Management Sub-activities

The Habitat Management program activity is delivered through three program sub-activities:

• Conservation and Protection of Fish Habitat — reviewing, assessing and monitoring activities in and around water to ensure compliance with the Fisheries Act, CEAA, and SARA;
• Environmental Assessment — conducting Environmental Assessments pursuant to the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEEA) in collaboration with partners and stakeholders; and
• Other Habitat Management — services designed to enhance the coherence and predictability of HMP, including informatics infrastructure, support for provision of advice with respect to SARA and the Federal Contaminated Sites Accelerated Action Plan.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Ongoing operations account for the majority of the resources used to carry out Habitat Management sub-activities. In addition to ongoing operations, the Department will focus on the following plans for Habitat Management sub-activities during the current planning period.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Conservation and Protection of Fish Habitat
Conduct regulatory reviews and developing monitoring plans with proponents Design and develop regulations, policies, strategies and tools Design, develop and implement communications and educational strategies Develop partnership agreements Participate in fish production and other resource, land, water, and coastal zone planning processes Implement Expenditure Review Committee decision from Departmental Management Committee June 2006 Support Fisheries Act renewal	Partners and stakeholders are aware of and support Program objectives Partners and stakeholders implement fish and fish habitat conservation, as well as protection measures and practices	Number of industry associations who have integrated Operational Statements into industry best management practices (BMPs) Number of municipalities that have integrated Operational Statements into their BMPs Number of provinces and territories that integrate Operational Statements into their permitting systems Percentage of proponents who are in line with the terms and conditions of Operational Statements, BMPs and Authorizations and who are in compliance with the habitat protection provisions of the Fisheries Act
Environmental Assessment
Conduct Environmental Assessments of proposed projects or activities under CEAA before making decisions under the Fisheries Act and in accordance with SARA Collaborate with partners and stakeholders to ensure environmental effects on fish and their habitat are considered within the Environmental Assessment process	Environmental effects of regulatory decisions are considered in a timely, coordinated and effective manner before regulatory decisions are made under the Fisheries Act	Number of projects requiring CEAA review that incorporate HMP requirements and advice Number of declared class screening where DFO-HMP is a Responsible Authority Number of times HMP uses each class screening
Other Habitat Management
Habitat Management Program Mandatory Training Program Support the provision of advice on the application of SARA for aquatic species at risk Provide expert support and advice to the Federal Contaminated Sites Accelerated Action Plan Secretariat, Contaminated Sites Management Working Group and advice to departments with custody of federal contaminated sites Design, develop and implement communication material and strategies (e.g., web-based media) Develop and deploy the Program Activity Tracking System Support HMP governance structure	Expert support provided for implementation of the Federal Contaminated Sites Accelerated Action Plan Advice provided for the implementation of SARA Awareness of habitat management concepts, objectives, principles and practices on the part of HMP staff	The number of sites listed on the Federal Contaminated Sites and Solid Waste Landfills Inventory in which DFO is involved under the Federal Contaminated Sites Accelerated Action Plan Expert Support Program (the inventory is maintained by Environment Canada) SARA advice related to ongoing operational policy issues, strategies, plans and critical habitat and residence designations Increased percentage of HMP staff that complete mandatory training courses (HM101, IM101)

Program Activity: Science

Description from Part II — The Main Estimates: Provision of scientific research, monitoring, advice, products and services and data management in support of healthy and productive aquatic ecosystems.

These functions are provided through a network of research facilities in collaboration with other government departments, the private sector, academia and international organizations.

Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Science advice to inform the integrated management of healthy and productive aquatic ecosystems for the benefit and enjoyment of Canadians	Scientific production by Fisheries and Oceans Canadians' confidence in DFO Science Level of partnering in scientific research Number of responses to requests for science advice

Planned Spending and Full-time Equivalents, Science

Financial Resources (millions of dollars)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Assessing the impacts of development on aquatic ecosystems	16.8	16.7	15.4
Assessing aquatic ecosystems and supporting integrated oceans management	31.4	31.4	31.3
Monitoring, understanding and predicting variation and change of ocean climate	3.6	3.6	3.6
Sub-total	51.8	51.7	50.2
Program Enablers1	22.2	26.1	24.6
Total	74.0	77.8	74.8
Human Resources (number of FTEs)	2007-2008	2008-2009	2009-2010
Science	405	405	405
Program Enablers1	104	106	100
Total	509	511	505

Note: Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

¹Financial and human resources for Program Enablers have been prorated across program activities. The section Other Items of Interest provides further information on the Program Enablers.

Science Sub-activities

Science in support of healthy and productive aquatic ecosystems is delivered through three program sub-activities:

• Assessing the impacts of development on aquatic ecosystems — providing scientific advice on potential impacts, mitigation measures and risks associated with development activities and toxic chemicals and contaminants on aquatic ecosystems in support of the Department's habitat management authorities and oceans management (e.g., Fisheries Act, the Policy for the Management of Fish Habitat, Species at Risk Act, Oceans Act and the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act);
• Assessing aquatic ecosystems and supporting integrated oceans management — providing sound ecosystem-based science and integrated multi-disciplinary data management to support the integrated management of oceans resources and spaces; and
• Monitoring, understanding and predicting variation and change of ocean climate — conducting research and monitoring that enable the prediction of ocean influences on and responses to climatic change and variability, as well as the assessment of potential impacts on ecosystems, fish and mammal populations to enable mitigation and adaptation strategies for the management of aquatic ecosystems.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Ongoing operations account for the majority of the resources used to carry out Science sub-activities in support of healthy and productive aquatic ecosystems. In addition to ongoing operations, the Department will focus on the following plans for Science sub-activities in support of healthy and productive aquatic ecosystems during the current planning period.

Plans for 2007-2010 by Sub-activity

Plans	Expected Results	Performance Indicators
Assessing the Impacts of Development on Aquatic Ecosystems
Provide targeted advice to Habitat Management on the Mackenzie Valley Gas Pipeline Project to support decision requirements associated with the environmental impact assessment, regulation (Fisheries Act) and monitoring Delineate and map the habitats of the coastal Beaufort Sea and Mackenzie Delta, assess Beluga whale habitat requirements in the eastern Beaufort Sea, and study the impact of oil and gas exploration on ringed and bearded seals In support of the Environmental Process Modernization Plan (EPMP), conduct a peer review of advice regarding the evidence linking human activities to impact on fish habitat Provide advice on the scientific foundation for the application of risk management principles to the management of fish habitat and the review of compensation guidelines	Use of scientific advice and supporting information related to the impacts of industrial activities on the aquatic environment Mitigation measures for human and industrial activities
Assessing Aquatic Ecosystems and Supporting Integrated Oceans Management
Continue to provide targeted advice to Oceans Management in support of integrated oceans management Conduct targeted research in LOMAs and provide science advice on priority issues and areas, such as determining ecosystem objectives and indicators Science will work with Oceans to establish a framework for identifying indicators and developing appropriate monitoring programs	Use of science advice (e.g. data, modelling) for integrated management of Canada's oceans (e.g., through MPAs, Marine Environmental Quality Regulations, etc.)
Monitoring, Understanding and Predicting Variation and Change of Ocean Climate
Deliver a coordinated program to provide the necessary data sets for Oceans Ecosystem Assessments (see also sub-activity Assessing Aquatic Ecosystems and Supporting Integrated Oceans Management) Conduct research to improve understanding of the impact of climate change and variation on aquatic ecosystems Apply operational models to provide tools for predicting variation of ocean climate Conduct research funded by International Polar Year with the objective of building on and supporting the Department's and Government of Canada's knowledge requirements associated with climate change impacts and adaptation	Decision-makers make increased use of forecast impacts of climate change on aquatic ecosystems Policy-makers make increased use of knowledge of oceans' influence on climate and climate change

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