2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Correctional Service Canada by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2020 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	32	14	9	15	62	24	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	36	14	11	12	63	23	7697
2019	Indigenous	28	37	13	9	13	65	22	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	37	15	10	13	62	23	7624
2018	Indigenous	25	34	13	12	16	58	28	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	38	14	12	13	61	25	6421
2017	Indigenous	24	39	13	10	14	63	24	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	42	13	10	12	65	22	7892
2014	Indigenous	22	41	12	12	12	64	24	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	42	15	10	9	66	19	9810

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	28	15	14	24	0	47	38	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	31	15	15	19	0	51	34	7687
2019	Indigenous	17	30	16	17	19	0	48	36	863
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	30	16	16	19	0	50	34	7605
2018	Indigenous	16	23	17	14	29	0	40	43	704
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	32	16	16	20	0	48	36	6423
2017	Indigenous	15	26	15	14	29	1	42	43	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	30	16	16	22	0	46	38	7878

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	30	8	5	9	79	13	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	34	12	5	5	78	10	7657
2019	Indigenous	45	34	11	4	5	79	9	857
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	35	12	5	6	78	10	7575
2018	Indigenous	40	37	12	5	6	77	11	699
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	37	12	5	5	79	10	6396
2017	Indigenous	47	34	10	3	6	81	9	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	43	37	11	5	4	81	8	7870
2014	Indigenous	54	28	9	4	5	82	9	1023
2014	Non-Indigenous	52	33	10	3	3	85	6	9797

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	37	13	8	6	73	14	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	39	14	7	6	73	13	7693
2019	Indigenous	35	38	14	7	6	74	13	864
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	40	14	7	6	74	12	7615
2018	Indigenous	32	37	13	9	9	69	18	704
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	40	15	7	5	72	13	6431
2017	Indigenous	35	38	12	6	10	73	16	800
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	43	14	7	6	74	13	7851
2014	Indigenous	37	39	12	5	7	76	11	1023
2014	Non-Indigenous	34	43	12	6	4	78	10	9797

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	25	18	14	20	1	49	34	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	28	19	14	17	0	49	32	7686
2019	Indigenous	20	25	18	15	21	1	46	36	869
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	27	20	14	18	1	47	33	7619
2018	Indigenous	16	22	18	16	27	0	39	43	705
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	26	21	16	20	0	43	36	6417
2017	Indigenous	17	23	18	18	24	0	40	42	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	28	21	16	19	1	44	35	7874
2014	Indigenous	16	31	22	15	15	0	47	30	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	16	33	20	16	14	1	49	30	9818

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	28	18	14	17	1	50	32	823
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	30	19	14	14	0	52	29	7656
2019	Indigenous	20	30	16	17	16	1	50	34	864
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	30	20	14	16	0	50	30	7590
2018	Indigenous	17	25	19	15	23	0	42	39	701
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	30	21	16	17	0	46	33	6388
2017	Indigenous	18	27	19	15	21	0	45	36	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	31	20	17	16	0	47	33	7874
2014	Indigenous	16	33	21	14	14	0	50	29	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	16	34	21	17	12	0	51	29	9810

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	22	16	13	17	5	1	51	32	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	23	21	14	15	3	1	49	30	7692
2019	Indigenous	23	22	19	13	19	3	0	47	34	869
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	23	21	14	17	3	1	46	32	7621
2018	Indigenous	18	21	17	17	25	2	0	40	42	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	22	22	16	19	2	0	42	35	6423
2017	Indigenous	21	22	21	12	21	3	1	44	34	805
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	24	21	15	17	4	1	45	34	7871
2014	Indigenous	18	25	22	14	16	4	1	46	31	1028
2014	Non-Indigenous	20	25	21	15	15	4	1	47	31	9816

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	27	19	6	9	1	2	65	16	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	29	19	6	6	1	3	69	12	7697
2019	Indigenous	34	31	21	7	5	1	1	67	12	869
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	31	19	6	6	1	3	68	13	7635

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	26	17	9	13	0	0	61	23	834
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	30	14	10	10	0	1	67	19	7692
2019	Indigenous	32	30	18	12	8	0	0	62	20	862
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	32	14	11	9	1	0	66	20	7587
2018	Indigenous	26	30	15	13	16	1	0	56	29	702
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	33	15	12	10	0	0	63	22	6407
2017	Indigenous	30	32	12	11	14	1	0	63	25	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	30	33	14	11	10	1	0	64	22	7882
2014	Indigenous	29	30	15	13	12	1	0	60	25	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	29	35	15	12	8	1	0	65	20	9816

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	25	15	8	12	1	0	64	20	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	27	15	8	8	1	1	69	17	7709
2019	Indigenous	37	30	17	7	8	1	0	68	15	868
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	31	14	9	8	0	0	69	17	7624
2018	Indigenous	30	29	16	10	16	0	0	59	25	701
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	30	16	10	11	0	0	63	21	6415
2017	Indigenous	35	26	15	8	14	1	0	62	23	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	35	30	15	9	10	0	0	65	19	7874
2014	Indigenous	35	27	17	9	10	1	1	63	20	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	34	32	16	8	8	1	0	67	16	9805

Senior management

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	24	14	12	23	3	0	49	37	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	26	16	14	17	3	0	51	32	7716
2019	Indigenous	18	25	20	15	20	3	0	44	36	868
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	28	16	14	19	3	0	49	34	7619
2018	Indigenous	15	23	16	16	29	2	0	38	46	710
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	27	17	15	23	3	0	44	39	6437
2017	Indigenous	17	23	17	15	26	2	0	40	42	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	27	18	16	20	4	0	44	37	7888
2014	Indigenous	16	26	17	18	20	3	1	43	39	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	15	30	19	16	15	4	0	47	33	9806

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	24	13	16	25	1	46	41	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	25	16	15	20	1	48	36	7695
2019	Indigenous	17	24	19	14	23	1	42	38	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	27	17	15	22	1	45	38	7603
2018	Indigenous	14	23	14	18	31	0	36	50	707
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	25	18	17	25	1	39	43	6431
2017	Indigenous	15	21	14	19	28	1	37	48	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	13	26	18	19	23	2	39	43	7880
2014	Indigenous	16	24	18	16	24	1	41	41	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	27	20	19	19	2	41	39	9810

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	25	14	18	25	2	42	43	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	25	19	18	21	2	42	40	7691
2019	Indigenous	14	25	19	15	24	2	40	40	861
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	24	19	18	23	2	39	42	7580
2018	Indigenous	9	21	18	20	30	1	31	51	707
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	22	20	20	26	2	33	47	6418
2017	Indigenous	11	21	16	22	27	2	33	51	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	10	23	20	21	24	3	33	46	7872
2014	Indigenous	11	24	18	20	24	3	36	45	1028
2014	Non-Indigenous	9	24	21	23	20	2	34	44	9807

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	22	14	19	29	1	38	48	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	26	16	18	25	1	41	43	7704
2019	Indigenous	12	22	17	20	27	2	35	48	864
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	25	17	18	27	1	38	45	7589
2018	Indigenous	9	20	16	18	36	0	29	55	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	22	17	20	30	1	32	50	6415
2017	Indigenous	11	21	14	19	34	1	32	54	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	9	23	17	21	28	2	34	49	7877
2014	Indigenous	9	22	17	21	29	2	32	51	1028
2014	Non-Indigenous	9	25	19	22	23	2	35	46	9806

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	28	17	14	23	0	0	46	37	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	30	15	16	19	0	0	50	35	7701
2019	Indigenous	17	30	17	17	19	0	0	47	37	863
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	31	15	17	19	0	0	49	36	7614
2018	Indigenous	13	24	15	18	30	0	0	37	48	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	28	16	16	24	0	0	44	40	6419
2017	Indigenous	16	23	17	15	28	0	1	39	44	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	14	29	16	18	22	0	0	43	40	7883
2014	Indigenous	14	27	15	19	24	1	0	42	44	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	30	18	19	18	0	0	44	38	9806

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	38	15	14	8	63	22	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	40	15	13	7	65	20	7666
2019	Indigenous	24	39	16	14	7	63	21	859
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	41	16	14	7	63	21	7580
2018	Indigenous	18	38	19	13	12	56	25	707
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	41	16	13	9	62	22	6435
2017	Indigenous	20	40	15	13	13	59	25	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	41	16	14	9	62	23	7883

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	24	17	10	14	0	59	24	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	30	14	11	10	0	65	21	7692
2019	Indigenous	30	31	18	11	9	0	62	21	869
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	31	16	10	10	1	64	21	7614
2018	Indigenous	23	33	12	13	17	0	57	31	702
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	33	16	12	12	0	60	24	6421
2017	Indigenous	26	32	15	13	14	0	58	27	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	26	34	15	13	12	1	61	25	7889
2014	Indigenous	28	29	15	14	12	1	58	27	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	36	16	12	9	1	62	21	9813

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	36	14	19	10	57	29	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	38	14	18	10	58	28	7677
2019	Indigenous	18	40	14	16	12	58	28	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	41	12	19	11	58	30	7616
2018	Indigenous	15	43	10	20	12	58	32	710
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	47	11	19	10	60	29	6449
2017	Indigenous	13	37	11	20	19	51	39	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	38	13	20	14	53	34	7890
2014	Indigenous	15	33	14	20	17	48	38	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	39	14	21	13	53	34	9806

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	25	16	7	12	1	1	64	20	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	26	16	8	8	1	1	67	16	7688

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	25	18	12	25	1	44	38	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	27	20	17	17	2	44	35	7694
2019	Indigenous	17	25	19	16	22	1	42	38	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	26	19	17	21	2	42	39	7613
2018	Indigenous	12	22	16	17	31	2	34	49	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	25	19	20	22	1	37	43	6417
2017	Indigenous	13	23	16	20	25	2	37	46	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	13	26	19	19	20	2	41	40	7878
2014	Indigenous	13	24	20	19	21	3	38	41	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	27	21	20	18	2	40	39	9810

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	25	14	13	25	1	1	47	38	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	28	17	15	18	2	2	48	34	7706
2019	Indigenous	18	27	18	12	23	1	1	46	36	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	28	17	14	21	2	2	46	36	7624
2018	Indigenous	15	25	15	15	28	1	1	41	44	705
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	28	18	16	22	1	1	43	39	6424
2017	Indigenous	16	25	15	15	26	2	1	43	42	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	14	27	17	16	21	2	2	43	39	7877
2014	Indigenous	14	27	16	17	23	2	1	42	41	1023
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	29	18	16	20	2	2	44	38	9811

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	23	14	9	8	1	3	67	18	834
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	22	17	7	6	1	4	69	14	7708
2019	Indigenous	36	25	19	8	6	2	4	65	15	869
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	25	17	7	5	1	4	69	13	7610

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	21	18	12	10	1	3	58	23	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	23	18	10	8	2	4	61	20	7697
2019	Indigenous	32	21	21	11	10	2	4	56	22	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	24	18	10	9	2	4	60	20	7609

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	15	11	7	9	3	3	71	17	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	12	8	5	6	3	4	80	11	7679
2019	Indigenous	50	12	10	7	11	5	4	69	20	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	12	9	4	7	3	5	78	12	7575

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	56	13	8	6	7	2	6	76	15	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	13	7	4	4	2	7	83	9	7672
2019	Indigenous	56	12	9	5	6	4	8	77	13	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	64	10	7	3	5	3	8	84	9	7578

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	30	14	15	20	51	35	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	34	15	16	15	54	31	7680
2019	Indigenous	19	29	17	18	17	48	35	863
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	33	15	16	17	52	33	7580
2018	Indigenous	14	31	14	17	24	45	41	703
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	34	15	17	18	50	35	6426
2017	Indigenous	18	32	10	18	21	50	40	801
2017	Non-Indigenous	17	34	14	18	17	51	34	7863
2014	Indigenous	13	32	14	21	20	45	41	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	34	15	21	17	47	38	9807

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	28	17	12	20	51	32	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	30	17	13	16	54	29	7692
2019	Indigenous	24	29	19	12	16	52	28	864
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	30	18	13	17	52	30	7601
2018	Indigenous	18	29	17	13	23	47	36	698
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	30	17	16	18	49	33	6396
2017	Indigenous	21	28	15	16	21	48	36	800
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	31	17	16	17	50	33	7862
2014	Indigenous	19	30	17	18	17	49	34	1024
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	32	18	17	15	50	31	9812

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	30	17	17	16	0	50	33	814
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	33	19	15	12	0	54	27	7611
2019	Indigenous	18	34	20	17	11	0	52	28	853
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	34	19	15	12	0	53	28	7514
2018	Indigenous	18	25	17	16	24	1	43	40	698
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	30	19	17	17	0	48	34	6411
2017	Indigenous	18	28	17	17	21	0	46	37	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	31	19	17	15	0	49	32	7858
2014	Indigenous	17	31	20	18	14	0	48	33	1024
2014	Non-Indigenous	17	33	21	17	12	0	50	29	9809

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	31	17	15	18	2	1	49	34	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	34	19	16	13	3	0	51	29	7698
2019	Indigenous	13	33	21	14	16	3	1	47	31	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	32	21	16	14	2	1	47	31	7633
2018	Indigenous	12	25	21	16	25	2	0	37	42	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	29	24	15	18	2	0	42	34	6420
2017	Indigenous	14	25	19	16	23	2	0	40	40	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	29	23	16	17	3	0	42	34	7880

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	28	14	12	17	0	1	56	29	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	31	15	13	12	0	0	60	25	7697
2019	Indigenous	26	30	14	14	14	0	1	57	28	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	32	15	12	12	0	0	61	25	7623
2018	Indigenous	22	31	12	16	19	0	0	54	35	707
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	33	15	13	12	0	0	59	25	6429
2017	Indigenous	23	27	14	17	18	0	0	51	35	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	33	14	14	14	0	1	58	28	7878
2014	Indigenous	21	33	14	15	16	1	0	55	31	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	33	17	14	12	0	0	57	27	9801

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	33	22	9	5	0	65	14	824
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	34	19	7	5	1	69	12	7646
2019	Indigenous	27	32	25	8	5	2	61	14	855
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	32	22	9	6	1	64	14	7567
2018	Indigenous	29	32	22	7	7	3	63	15	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	34	20	9	6	1	64	15	6445
2017	Indigenous	29	38	21	7	3	2	68	10	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	32	36	18	8	4	2	69	12	7891
2014	Indigenous	29	33	23	9	6	1	62	15	1024
2014	Non-Indigenous	28	36	22	8	4	1	65	13	9808

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Flexible work hours mean that an employee is able to vary the start and end times of their workday.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	65	834
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	7707

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	18	13	9	13	3	14	58	26	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	17	13	5	9	4	18	64	18	7713

Mobility and retention

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	47	37	835
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	47	34	7715
2019	Indigenous	20	42	38	868
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	46	35	7639
2018	Indigenous	20	42	39	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	46	35	6454
2017	Indigenous	20	43	38	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	49	32	7889
2014	Indigenous	19	43	38	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	51	31	9814

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	29	27	10	7	12	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	32	26	7	5	8	1512
2019	Indigenous	16	34	20	15	7	8	178
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	31	24	8	7	8	1535
2018	Indigenous	13	43	22	14	3	6	151
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	30	24	11	5	8	1320
2017	Indigenous	19	35	21	17	3	4	172
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	30	23	11	5	7	1539
2014	Indigenous	16	33	24	17	9999	11	205
2014	Non-Indigenous	24	30	23	13	9999	11	1929

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	35	12	9	9	0	69	19	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	38	13	8	7	0	72	15	7661
2019	Indigenous	32	37	15	7	8	0	69	15	860
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	37	15	9	8	0	68	17	7595
2018	Indigenous	27	41	12	11	8	1	68	19	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	41	14	8	7	0	71	15	6429
2017	Indigenous	27	38	14	8	12	0	66	20	805
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	39	15	9	9	1	67	18	7874
2014	Indigenous	26	37	18	9	9	1	63	18	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	27	40	16	9	7	1	68	16	9809

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	34	20	12	13	1	55	25	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	37	20	13	9	1	58	22	7708
2019	Indigenous	17	34	24	14	9	2	52	23	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	37	21	12	10	1	57	22	7617
2018	Indigenous	15	34	19	15	15	1	49	31	707
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	38	20	14	11	1	54	26	6418
2017	Indigenous	19	31	18	14	17	1	51	31	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	37	21	13	11	1	54	25	7874
2014	Indigenous	18	32	22	14	12	2	51	27	1028
2014	Non-Indigenous	16	37	22	14	9	1	54	24	9813

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	33	29	11	6	1	1	18	52	835
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	31	31	14	5	1	1	20	49	7700
2019	Indigenous	18	29	34	13	5	1	0	18	48	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	30	33	13	5	1	1	19	47	7630
2018	Indigenous	19	27	36	11	4	0	1	15	48	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	32	33	13	4	1	1	18	49	6432
2017	Indigenous	20	27	36	9	5	1	2	14	48	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	30	33	12	5	1	2	18	48	7851
2014	Indigenous	14	33	36	10	5	1	1	15	48	1024
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	33	34	12	5	1	1	17	48	9792

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	24	29	17	9	2	1	26	45	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	23	29	19	9	1	1	29	42	7675
2019	Indigenous	20	29	27	15	8	1	1	23	49	868
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	27	28	15	8	1	1	23	49	7607
2018	Indigenous	26	26	29	13	5	1	1	18	52	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	29	27	14	6	1	1	21	52	6414
2017	Indigenous	23	29	25	13	6	1	2	20	54	801
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	27	29	14	7	2	2	22	48	7843
2014	Indigenous	19	28	32	13	6	2	1	20	48	1024
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	29	30	14	6	2	1	21	48	9793

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	26	28	17	7	2	2	24	46	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	26	29	16	7	2	2	24	46	7676
2019	Indigenous	19	29	27	17	6	1	1	23	49	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	27	28	15	6	2	2	22	49	7604
2018	Indigenous	25	25	27	14	5	2	2	20	52	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	28	29	12	6	2	2	18	52	6411
2017	Indigenous	21	26	29	14	6	2	2	20	49	802
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	26	28	14	6	2	4	21	50	7851
2014	Indigenous	21	27	30	12	5	2	2	18	51	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	21	29	28	12	5	2	2	18	53	9790

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	12	35	28	13	1	3	43	20	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	13	33	29	13	1	3	44	22	7653
2019	Indigenous	7	15	36	27	10	1	3	38	24	861
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	16	34	25	12	1	3	38	26	7594
2018	Indigenous	13	15	34	25	8	1	5	35	29	701
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	16	36	25	10	1	3	36	27	6389
2017	Indigenous	11	15	34	24	9	2	4	36	28	801
2017	Non-Indigenous	10	17	33	24	10	1	5	37	28	7823
2014	Indigenous	9	18	32	27	9	1	3	38	28	1014
2014	Non-Indigenous	10	19	35	24	8	1	3	34	30	9756

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	25	27	16	9	1	2	26	46	834
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	23	29	18	9	1	2	27	43	7671
2019	Indigenous	22	26	26	15	8	1	1	24	49	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	26	27	15	8	1	2	23	50	7610
2018	Indigenous	29	24	26	12	5	1	2	18	55	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	27	25	12	6	1	2	18	56	6410
2017	Indigenous	23	25	26	14	7	1	2	23	50	802
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	25	27	13	7	1	3	21	51	7853
2014	Indigenous	23	27	27	14	5	1	2	20	52	1021
2014	Non-Indigenous	24	28	27	12	5	1	2	18	54	9791

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	20	27	23	13	2	2	38	34	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	20	27	23	12	2	2	37	35	7673
2019	Indigenous	19	20	29	20	9	2	2	30	41	859
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	23	27	18	10	2	2	28	44	7602
2018	Indigenous	19	24	24	21	7	2	2	29	46	701
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	24	26	19	8	2	2	28	44	6401
2017	Indigenous	17	20	27	19	9	3	5	30	40	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	21	27	20	10	2	5	32	40	7849
2014	Indigenous	16	19	26	23	10	3	3	35	37	1023
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	21	29	22	10	2	3	34	36	9790

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	22	29	16	10	1	2	28	42	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	25	30	16	8	2	2	25	43	7680
2019	Indigenous	19	23	31	16	8	2	2	25	44	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	25	30	14	8	2	2	23	46	7605
2018	Indigenous	23	24	26	15	6	2	4	23	50	703
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	29	28	12	6	2	2	19	52	6423
2017	Indigenous	22	20	28	14	6	4	5	22	46	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	26	30	13	6	3	4	20	48	7845
2014	Indigenous	19	27	29	13	6	3	3	20	49	1016
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	28	31	12	6	2	3	19	49	9776

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	18	30	28	12	1	2	41	28	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	17	33	28	12	1	1	41	25	7694
2019	Indigenous	10	18	31	27	12	1	2	40	28	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	17	33	26	11	1	2	38	28	7615

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	27	19	20	21	1	39	41	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	28	21	22	17	1	40	39	7676
2019	Indigenous	10	23	21	26	19	2	33	46	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	25	20	24	20	1	35	45	7603

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	27	13	15	19	0	1	52	34	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	30	13	14	14	0	0	59	28	7688
2019	Indigenous	25	29	14	13	19	0	0	54	32	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	30	13	15	13	1	0	58	28	7605
2018	Indigenous	20	26	15	16	23	0	0	46	39	702
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	30	13	16	16	0	0	54	32	6413
2017	Indigenous	21	26	13	16	23	1	1	47	40	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	29	14	15	16	1	1	54	32	7884
2014	Indigenous	22	27	14	19	17	1	0	49	36	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	27	32	13	15	12	0	0	60	27	9808

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	30	15	14	12	0	1	58	26	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	37	12	12	7	0	0	68	20	7684
2019	Indigenous	26	35	12	13	13	0	0	61	26	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	37	13	13	7	0	0	66	20	7606
2018	Indigenous	21	33	17	16	14	0	0	54	29	702
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	38	15	13	9	0	0	62	23	6408
2017	Indigenous	17	35	16	14	17	1	0	53	31	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	38	15	14	11	0	0	59	26	7866
2014	Indigenous	18	40	14	16	12	0	0	58	27	1024
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	43	16	13	6	0	0	65	19	9804

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	34	19	12	10	1	0	58	22	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	38	18	8	6	1	0	67	15	7652
2019	Indigenous	20	38	21	10	8	1	1	60	18	862
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	39	18	10	6	1	0	65	16	7604
2018	Indigenous	18	35	23	9	13	1	0	54	23	700
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	41	20	9	8	1	0	63	17	6421

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	30	16	15	16	1	0	52	31	824
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	35	19	12	10	1	0	58	23	7677
2019	Indigenous	19	32	21	12	14	1	1	52	26	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	36	19	11	10	2	0	59	22	7589
2018	Indigenous	21	34	18	14	13	1	0	56	27	707
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	38	19	10	8	1	0	62	18	6409
2017	Indigenous	21	33	18	14	13	1	0	55	28	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	41	17	10	8	2	0	64	18	7874
2014	Indigenous	24	36	18	13	9	2	0	60	22	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	27	39	17	9	6	2	0	67	15	9817

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	31	18	10	11	2	0	60	22	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	34	21	8	7	3	1	63	16	7687
2019	Indigenous	26	32	20	10	9	2	1	60	19	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	36	20	7	7	2	1	65	14	7593
2018	Indigenous	23	37	17	10	11	1	1	61	21	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	38	21	6	6	2	0	66	13	6429
2017	Indigenous	25	32	21	9	11	2	1	58	20	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	35	21	8	8	3	1	62	16	7873
2014	Indigenous	29	35	19	8	7	2	1	66	15	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	30	38	17	6	5	3	1	71	11	9806

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	31	14	13	13	0	60	26	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	35	13	10	9	0	67	19	7685
2019	Indigenous	28	30	17	13	12	0	58	25	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	35	15	10	11	0	65	20	7618
2018	Indigenous	22	32	18	11	17	0	54	29	705
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	38	15	10	11	0	64	21	6410
2017	Indigenous	26	32	13	11	17	0	58	28	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	40	14	11	10	0	64	22	7875
2014	Indigenous	27	35	14	13	10	1	62	23	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	28	40	14	10	7	0	68	17	9807

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	27	13	10	15	2	1	61	26	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	29	15	7	8	3	2	68	16	7694

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.
Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism.

Anti-racism is an active and consistent process of change to eliminate individual, institutional and systemic racism.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	29	21	10	12	2	0	56	22	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	34	22	7	6	3	1	63	14	7698

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	27	14	12	15	2	1	58	27	825
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	32	14	9	9	2	1	67	19	7679

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	3	6	18	25	41	7	1	9	71	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	4	17	19	52	4	2	6	76	209

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	26	21	17	19	2	1	40	38	835
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	29	20	16	16	2	2	46	33	7705
2019	Indigenous	13	27	21	17	19	1	1	42	37	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	28	19	16	16	2	1	47	33	7609
2018	Indigenous	10	23	20	17	27	2	1	34	45	701
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	29	19	18	19	2	1	42	38	6426
2017	Indigenous	14	24	17	18	23	2	1	40	42	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	14	28	19	17	18	2	2	44	36	7885
2014	Indigenous	17	29	19	17	17	1	1	46	34	1028
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	32	18	16	12	2	2	52	29	9816

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	31	14	13	16	1	0	56	30	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	35	15	12	11	2	1	60	24	7707
2019	Indigenous	21	31	18	15	14	1	0	53	29	864
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	35	16	13	12	1	1	59	25	7617
2018	Indigenous	21	32	14	16	16	1	0	53	32	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	37	16	12	12	1	0	59	25	6425
2017	Indigenous	26	33	14	11	14	2	0	60	26	805
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	37	15	11	10	2	0	63	22	7864
2014	Indigenous	23	35	18	11	10	3	0	60	22	1024
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	39	14	11	7	2	1	67	18	9811

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	29	18	15	17	0	50	32	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	32	21	13	12	1	54	25	7685
2019	Indigenous	19	29	20	16	15	2	48	32	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	32	20	13	15	1	51	28	7604
2018	Indigenous	15	30	18	15	21	1	46	36	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	34	20	14	14	0	52	29	6412

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	22	15	16	29	3	0	38	47	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	24	17	18	21	4	1	42	40	7697
2019	Indigenous	12	22	16	18	28	3	1	35	48	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	24	18	17	22	4	1	40	41	7610
2018	Indigenous	10	19	15	20	32	2	1	31	54	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	24	18	18	24	3	1	38	44	6429
2017	Indigenous	12	22	14	18	31	3	0	35	51	805
2017	Non-Indigenous	13	25	17	17	23	4	1	40	42	7865
2014	Indigenous	13	21	16	18	28	4	0	35	49	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	28	17	18	19	4	1	42	40	9812

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	45	8	15	8	0	0	69	23	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	49	7	16	6	0	0	71	21	7717

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	33	8	19	12	61	30	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	37	11	17	9	63	26	7711
2019	Indigenous	26	35	12	16	11	62	27	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	35	10	17	12	62	28	7625
2017	Indigenous	21	35	9	17	18	56	35	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	36	10	17	13	60	31	7889
2014	Indigenous	23	33	10	17	15	57	33	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	25	34	11	18	12	59	30	9801

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	33	10	18	11	61	29	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	38	13	16	9	63	25	7665
2019	Indigenous	23	38	11	16	11	62	27	861
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	37	13	16	10	61	26	7587
2017	Indigenous	20	36	10	17	16	56	33	800
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	39	12	16	10	62	26	7859
2014	Indigenous	20	40	12	18	10	60	27	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	24	40	13	16	7	64	23	9801

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	68	22	4	2	3	0	1	91	5	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	21	4	2	1	0	1	92	3	7689
2017	Indigenous	59	28	7	3	2	0	1	88	5	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	64	26	5	3	2	0	1	91	4	7868
2014	Indigenous	59	26	7	3	2	1	1	87	5	1025
2014	Non-Indigenous	63	27	5	3	1	0	1	91	4	9808

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	10	12	10	14	25	9	45	37	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	15	10	7	11	20	9	61	24	7703
2019	Indigenous	21	11	13	10	16	23	6	45	36	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	15	10	8	11	20	6	61	25	7633

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	68	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	7696
2019	Indigenous	36	64	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	7614
2018	Indigenous	44	56	710
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	70	6438

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	59	41	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	42	1415
2019	Indigenous	58	42	285
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	43	1622
2018	Indigenous	56	44	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	43	1619

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	68	32	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	41	1415
2019	Indigenous	65	35	285
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	35	1622
2018	Indigenous	64	36	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	65	35	1619

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1415
2019	Indigenous	14	86	285
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1622
2018	Indigenous	9	91	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1619

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	76	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	1415
2019	Indigenous	29	71	285
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	65	1622
2018	Indigenous	29	71	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	65	1619

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1415
2019	Indigenous	13	87	285
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1622
2018	Indigenous	10	90	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1619

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1415
2019	Indigenous	12	88	285
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1622
2018	Indigenous	10	90	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1619

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	2	98	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1415
2019	Indigenous	7	93	285
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1622
2018	Indigenous	6	94	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1619

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1415
2019	Indigenous	44	56	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1601
2018	Indigenous	37	63	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1621

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	52	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	61	1415
2019	Indigenous	39	61	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	1601
2018	Indigenous	43	57	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	60	1621

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	53	47	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	49	1415
2019	Indigenous	55	45	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	50	1601
2018	Indigenous	58	42	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	49	1621

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	53	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	1415
2019	Indigenous	49	51	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	56	1601
2018	Indigenous	45	55	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	55	1621

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	69	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	67	1415
2019	Indigenous	34	66	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	66	1601
2018	Indigenous	39	61	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	64	1621

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	57	43	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	38	1415
2019	Indigenous	66	34	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	39	1601
2018	Indigenous	64	36	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	67	33	1621

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	53	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	50	1415
2019	Indigenous	47	53	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1601
2018	Indigenous	49	51	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	53	1621

Question 57h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1415
2019	Indigenous	8	92	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1601
2018	Indigenous	7	93	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1621

Question 57i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1415
2019	Indigenous	15	85	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1601
2018	Indigenous	16	84	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1621

Question 57j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	1415
2019	Indigenous	17	83	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	1601
2018	Indigenous	24	76	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1621

Question 57k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	64	36	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	41	1415
2019	Indigenous	58	42	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	45	1601
2018	Indigenous	60	40	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	45	1621

Question 57l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	70	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	64	1415
2019	Indigenous	33	67	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	64	1601
2018	Indigenous	34	66	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	62	1621

Question 57m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	79	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1415
2019	Indigenous	22	78	281
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	81	1601
2018	Indigenous	14	86	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1621

Question 58a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	52	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1415
2019	Indigenous	50	50	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	55	1587
2018	Indigenous	48	52	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	1618

Question 58b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	73	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1415
2019	Indigenous	32	68	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1587
2018	Indigenous	31	69	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	69	1618

Question 58c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1415
2019	Indigenous	8	92	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1587
2018	Indigenous	6	94	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1618

Question 58d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	66	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1415
2019	Indigenous	34	66	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1587
2018	Indigenous	32	68	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1618

Question 58e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	85	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1415
2019	Indigenous	15	85	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1587
2018	Indigenous	11	89	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1618

Question 58f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1415
2019	Indigenous	12	88	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1587
2018	Indigenous	12	88	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1618

Question 58g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	82	1415
2019	Indigenous	19	81	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1587
2018	Indigenous	17	83	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	1618

Question 58h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1415
2019	Indigenous	13	87	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1587
2018	Indigenous	11	89	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1618

Question 58i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	72	243
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1415
2019	Indigenous	23	77	280
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1587
2018	Indigenous	25	75	281
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1618

Question 59a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1299
2019	Indigenous	10	90	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1418
2018	Indigenous	10	90	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1479

Question 59b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1299
2019	Indigenous	14	86	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1418
2018	Indigenous	14	86	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1479

Question 59c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1299
2019	Indigenous	10	90	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1418
2018	Indigenous	8	92	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1479

Question 59d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	3	97	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1299
2019	Indigenous	5	95	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1418
2018	Indigenous	4	96	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1479

Question 59e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1299
2019	Indigenous	8	92	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1418
2018	Indigenous	8	92	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1479

Question 59f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1299
2019	Indigenous	10	90	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1418
2018	Indigenous	4	96	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1479

Question 59g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	4	96	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1299
2019	Indigenous	9	91	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1418
2018	Indigenous	7	93	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1479

Question 59h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1299
2019	Indigenous	11	89	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1418
2018	Indigenous	13	87	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1479

Question 59i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1299
2019	Indigenous	20	80	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1418
2018	Indigenous	14	86	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1479

Question 59j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	63	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	1299
2019	Indigenous	34	66	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	1418
2018	Indigenous	37	63	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	62	1479

Question 59k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1299
2019	Indigenous	14	86	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1418
2018	Indigenous	9	91	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1479

Question 59l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	45	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	45	1299
2019	Indigenous	54	46	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	49	1418
2018	Indigenous	53	47	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	48	1479

Question 59m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	5	95	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	2	98	1418
2018	Indigenous	4	96	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1479

Question 59n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	62	38	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	35	1299
2019	Indigenous	65	35	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	62	38	1418
2018	Indigenous	59	41	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	64	36	1479

Question 59o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1299
2019	Indigenous	5	95	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1418
2018	Indigenous	8	92	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1479

Question 59p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	215
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1299
2019	Indigenous	16	84	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1418
2018	Indigenous	14	86	248
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1479

Question 60. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	17	21	16	22	8	3	35	42	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	19	20	14	17	13	3	38	37	7704
2019	Indigenous	11	18	19	16	25	10	2	33	46	869
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	20	21	14	19	11	4	36	39	7639
2018	Indigenous	9	17	19	17	32	4	1	28	52	710
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	20	23	16	22	8	2	32	42	6436
2017	Indigenous	9	19	18	17	28	9	2	31	49	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	9	19	22	13	20	12	4	34	40	7892
2014	Indigenous	9	19	22	15	23	9	2	32	43	1028
2014	Non-Indigenous	10	22	23	13	15	14	4	39	33	9807

Question 61. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	23	21	14	20	3	1	44	35	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	28	19	14	14	4	1	51	29	7695
2019	Indigenous	19	25	20	12	19	4	0	46	33	864
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	28	20	13	15	3	1	49	30	7623
2018	Indigenous	16	25	18	15	25	2	0	41	40	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	29	21	14	17	2	0	47	32	6427
2017	Indigenous	14	23	19	15	25	4	1	39	42	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	28	20	14	17	5	1	46	33	7878
2014	Indigenous	14	25	22	15	20	4	1	41	36	1022
2014	Non-Indigenous	16	30	21	14	13	6	1	49	28	9798

Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction, which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 62. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	78	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	7687
2019	Indigenous	23	77	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	7609
2018	Indigenous	26	74	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	6426

Question 63a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	61	39	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	58	773
2019	Indigenous	58	42	173
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	772
2018	Indigenous	48	52	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	57	637

Question 63b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	68	32	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	24	773
2019	Indigenous	70	30	173
2019	Non-Indigenous	80	20	772
2018	Indigenous	69	31	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	75	25	637

Question 63c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	773
2019	Indigenous	10	90	173
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	772
2018	Indigenous	3	97	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	637

Question 63d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	82	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	773
2019	Indigenous	23	77	173
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	772
2018	Indigenous	25	75	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	77	637

Question 63e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	773
2019	Indigenous	15	85	173
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	772
2018	Indigenous	13	87	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	637

Question 63f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	773
2019	Indigenous	13	87	173
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	772
2018	Indigenous	10	90	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	637

Question 63g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	773
2019	Indigenous	9	91	173
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	772
2018	Indigenous	10	90	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	637

Question 64a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	69	773
2019	Indigenous	50	50	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	66	752
2018	Indigenous	51	49	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	68	638

Question 64b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	81	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	82	773
2019	Indigenous	35	65	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	752
2018	Indigenous	30	70	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	79	638

Question 64c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	76	773
2019	Indigenous	19	81	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	752
2018	Indigenous	17	83	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	76	638

Question 64d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	773
2019	Indigenous	11	89	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	752
2018	Indigenous	12	88	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	638

Question 64e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	72	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	81	773
2019	Indigenous	17	83	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	77	752
2018	Indigenous	18	82	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	638

Question 64f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	79	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	773
2019	Indigenous	29	71	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	752
2018	Indigenous	31	69	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	65	638

Question 64g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	773
2019	Indigenous	7	93	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	752
2018	Indigenous	9	91	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	638

Question 64h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	4	96	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	773
2019	Indigenous	4	96	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	752

Question 64i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	773
2019	Indigenous	13	87	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	752
2018	Indigenous	14	86	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	638

Question 64j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	81	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	773
2019	Indigenous	18	82	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	752
2018	Indigenous	15	85	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	638

Question 64k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	100	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	98	773

Question 64l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	81	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	80	773
2019	Indigenous	21	79	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	81	752
2018	Indigenous	19	81	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	638

Question 64n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	773
2019	Indigenous	14	86	172
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	83	752
2018	Indigenous	12	88	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	638

Question 65a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	68	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	69	773
2019	Indigenous	35	65	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	748
2018	Indigenous	31	69	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	639

Question 65b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	82	773
2019	Indigenous	20	80	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	82	748
2018	Indigenous	21	79	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	82	639

Question 65c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	773
2019	Indigenous	7	93	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	748
2018	Indigenous	4	96	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	639

Question 65d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	76	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	76	773
2019	Indigenous	22	78	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	77	748
2018	Indigenous	25	75	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	76	639

Question 65e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	773
2019	Indigenous	5	95	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	748
2018	Indigenous	8	92	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	639

Question 65f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	773
2019	Indigenous	7	93	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	748
2018	Indigenous	10	90	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	639

Question 65g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	773
2019	Indigenous	10	90	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	748
2018	Indigenous	16	84	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	639

Question 65h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	773
2019	Indigenous	12	88	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	748
2018	Indigenous	9	91	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	639

Question 65i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	59	155
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	773
2019	Indigenous	41	59	171
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	56	748
2018	Indigenous	39	61	176
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	51	639

Question 66a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	716
2019	Indigenous	6	94	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	639
2018	Indigenous	9	91	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	580

Question 66b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	716
2019	Indigenous	7	93	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	639
2018	Indigenous	6	94	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	580

Question 66c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	7	93	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	639
2018	Indigenous	2	98	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	580

Question 66d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	4	96	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	716
2018	Indigenous	3	97	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	580

Question 66e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	98	716
2019	Indigenous	4	96	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	1	99	639
2018	Indigenous	6	94	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	580

Question 66f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	5	95	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	639
2018	Indigenous	3	97	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	580

Question 66g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	4	96	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	639
2018	Indigenous	6	94	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	580

Question 66h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	716
2019	Indigenous	9	91	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	639
2018	Indigenous	11	89	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	580

Question 66i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	716
2019	Indigenous	15	85	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	639
2018	Indigenous	12	88	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	580

Question 66j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	71	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	66	716
2019	Indigenous	31	69	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	639
2018	Indigenous	31	69	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	70	580

Question 66k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	716
2019	Indigenous	12	88	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	639
2018	Indigenous	11	89	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	580

Question 66l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	48	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	49	716
2019	Indigenous	49	51	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	50	639
2018	Indigenous	46	54	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	55	580

Question 66n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	60	40	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	31	716
2019	Indigenous	65	35	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	69	31	639
2018	Indigenous	62	38	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	67	33	580

Question 66o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	5	95	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	639
2018	Indigenous	7	93	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	580

Question 66p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	716
2019	Indigenous	15	85	150
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	639
2018	Indigenous	16	84	158
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	580

Question 67. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	17	26	13	15	11	3	38	32	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	20	25	9	11	16	4	44	25	7691
2019	Indigenous	14	17	27	11	16	12	2	36	32	868
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	20	26	9	12	15	4	42	26	7609
2018	Indigenous	11	16	30	11	22	7	2	30	36	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	23	30	9	12	13	2	39	26	6418
2017	Indigenous	10	18	27	13	15	13	3	34	34	808
2017	Non-Indigenous	11	22	27	8	11	17	5	42	24	7882
2014	Indigenous	12	21	26	10	13	15	3	40	28	1027
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	22	26	8	7	19	4	46	20	9814

Question 68. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	22	23	13	14	5	1	47	29	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	29	22	10	10	6	1	54	22	7676
2019	Indigenous	21	24	24	9	14	7	1	49	25	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	29	23	9	11	6	1	54	21	7600
2018	Indigenous	17	24	24	11	20	3	1	43	33	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	31	25	10	11	4	1	52	22	6414
2017	Indigenous	18	23	23	13	15	8	1	44	30	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	31	23	8	10	8	2	54	21	7866
2014	Indigenous	17	28	24	11	11	8	1	50	24	1023
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	31	24	8	7	9	1	56	18	9802

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 87. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, did you have workplace accommodation measures in place before the COVID-19 pandemic which are no longer being met?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	7663

Question 88. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	82	7685
2019	Indigenous	29	71	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	7616
2017	Indigenous	28	72	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	78	7875
2014	Indigenous	26	74	1026
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	82	9801

Question 89. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?
A disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society.

A barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	66	34	163
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	45	1246

Question 90. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	74	26	164
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	21	1248
2019	Indigenous	77	23	235
2019	Non-Indigenous	78	22	1511
2017	Indigenous	78	22	207
2017	Non-Indigenous	75	25	1583
2014	Indigenous	74	26	254
2014	Non-Indigenous	74	26	1670

Question 91. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	40	15	12	8	0	0	65	20	122
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	34	11	10	6	0	0	73	16	988
2019	Indigenous	44	28	7	13	7	1	0	72	20	178
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	33	9	11	7	0	0	73	18	1154
2017	Indigenous	30	42	12	7	7	1	1	74	14	161
2017	Non-Indigenous	40	38	6	10	5	0	1	79	15	1205
2014	Indigenous	39	35	9	8	9	0	0	74	17	183
2014	Non-Indigenous	43	35	7	10	5	0	0	78	15	1231

Question 92. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	27	13	13	13	3	1	59	27	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	32	13	11	8	2	2	67	20	7696

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 75. I believe senior managers in my department or agency take adequate steps to support the mental health of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	27	17	14	22	2	0	45	38	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	27	17	18	18	2	0	47	36	7693

Question 79a. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Clear and easy to understand.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	30	14	17	17	0	0	51	35	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	35	14	19	12	0	0	54	31	7709

Question 79b. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Provided in a timely manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	27	15	19	16	1	0	49	35	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	33	16	17	13	1	0	53	31	7692

Question 79c. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Relevant to the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	32	16	15	12	0	0	57	27	824
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	39	19	12	8	1	0	61	20	7659

Question 79d. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Consistent with the information provided to me by my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	30	19	10	13	1	0	57	23	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	34	18	12	8	1	1	61	21	7670

Question 79e. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Available in both official languages.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	16	14	2	3	15	7	75	7	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	19	10	2	3	13	6	82	6	7671

Question 80. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, my department or agency has clearly communicated the mental health services and resources that are available to me.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	32	15	13	14	1	0	58	27	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	34	15	12	10	2	0	63	22	7671

Question 81. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	27	11	11	17	0	0	61	28	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	31	12	11	12	1	0	65	23	7660

Question 82. I am satisfied with the measures my department or agency is taking to protect my physical health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	25	14	15	19	0	0	53	34	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	30	14	14	14	0	0	58	28	7678

Question 85. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you managed any employees who have been working remotely? (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	51	177
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	39	1736

Question 86. My department or agency has provided me with adequate training and/or resources to manage a remote team during the COVID-19 pandemic. (for supervisors who manage employees who have been working remotely)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	44	13	13	14	0	1	58	28	119
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	30	20	23	12	0	0	45	35	1336

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 74. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	34	19	13	12	1	56	24	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	39	18	13	9	1	60	22	7707
2019	Indigenous	18	39	20	12	11	1	57	23	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	40	18	13	9	1	59	23	7607
2018	Indigenous	16	37	17	15	15	1	53	30	707
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	42	18	13	10	1	59	23	6419
2017	Indigenous	17	35	16	11	19	1	53	31	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	40	17	13	12	2	57	25	7881

Question 76. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	23	14	11	24	1	0	51	35	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	28	13	14	17	1	0	56	31	7695

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	23	17	7	15	4	0	59	23	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	28	17	8	10	4	1	63	19	7662

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	21	14	17	31	1	37	49	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	23	16	18	26	1	40	44	7702
2019	Indigenous	10	20	16	21	31	1	31	53	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	23	17	21	28	1	34	49	7614
2018	Indigenous	9	18	17	17	39	0	27	56	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	24	15	21	29	0	34	51	6439
2017	Indigenous	7	22	15	18	37	1	30	55	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	8	24	16	21	31	1	32	52	7880

Question 84. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	43	14	19	4	0	0	63	23	177
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	49	14	13	3	0	1	69	17	1734
2019	Indigenous	17	50	16	12	4	1	0	68	16	179
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	48	16	13	6	1	1	65	19	1603

Work-related stress

Question 70a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Risk of exposure to COVID-19
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	22	27	17	24	0	0	33	41	834
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	23	25	17	18	0	0	40	35	7715

Question 70b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	21	23	14	23	0	0	40	37	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	24	22	15	19	0	0	44	34	7691
2019	Indigenous	17	22	21	13	28	0	0	38	41	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	21	20	16	28	0	1	35	44	7625
2018	Indigenous	14	16	19	16	34	1	0	30	50	710
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	17	20	17	33	0	1	29	51	6442
2017	Indigenous	14	17	14	17	37	1	1	32	54	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	14	17	17	17	33	0	1	32	51	7884

Question 70c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	27	24	14	14	0	0	48	28	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	27	26	15	12	0	1	46	27	7696
2019	Indigenous	19	28	26	13	13	0	1	48	26	870
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	27	26	15	13	0	1	46	28	7631
2018	Indigenous	18	26	27	15	12	1	1	45	27	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	26	29	16	12	0	1	42	28	6440
2017	Indigenous	18	26	27	16	11	1	1	45	27	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	17	26	27	16	13	0	1	44	29	7862

Question 70d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	29	20	8	9	0	2	62	17	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	30	21	9	7	0	2	61	17	7684
2019	Indigenous	28	31	20	8	9	1	2	61	18	862
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	31	22	10	8	0	2	58	19	7567
2018	Indigenous	24	28	26	11	7	1	2	54	19	703
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	30	25	12	8	0	2	53	21	6391
2017	Indigenous	24	31	23	11	9	1	2	56	20	805
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	29	23	12	9	1	3	55	22	7855

Question 70e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	24	20	18	19	0	1	43	37	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	22	22	17	19	0	1	41	37	7681
2019	Indigenous	15	20	23	16	24	0	1	36	40	865
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	20	21	19	24	0	1	35	43	7598
2018	Indigenous	15	18	20	19	25	1	1	34	45	705
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	21	22	19	23	0	1	34	43	6419
2017	Indigenous	17	19	22	20	20	1	1	37	41	806
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	22	24	18	19	1	2	39	37	7870

Question 70f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	22	15	9	10	0	3	65	20	826
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	23	15	9	10	0	3	65	20	7660
2019	Indigenous	44	23	13	5	11	0	3	70	17	862
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	23	15	8	9	0	5	65	19	7600
2018	Indigenous	41	20	17	7	10	1	4	64	18	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	24	16	8	8	0	5	65	17	6414
2017	Indigenous	41	25	13	6	7	1	7	72	14	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	38	25	15	8	6	1	8	69	15	7861

Question 70g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	23	20	13	17	1	49	30	825
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	26	21	13	13	1	52	26	7692
2019	Indigenous	28	29	19	10	14	0	57	24	864
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	27	22	11	13	1	54	24	7609
2018	Indigenous	22	21	23	11	21	1	43	33	709
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	25	25	13	13	1	48	27	6417
2017	Indigenous	23	29	22	12	13	1	52	25	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	29	24	14	10	1	51	24	7853

Question 70h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and caregiving responsibilities (e.g., children, elderly, family member(s)) during the COVID-19 pandemic
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	24	20	12	16	0	4	50	30	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	23	20	12	13	0	5	53	26	7689

Question 70i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	27	21	15	13	1	1	51	28	828
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	29	23	14	10	0	1	53	24	7673
2019	Indigenous	22	32	22	13	11	1	0	54	24	862
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	30	24	12	11	1	1	52	24	7609
2018	Indigenous	17	26	25	14	16	1	1	44	30	704
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	29	26	14	12	1	1	48	26	6430
2017	Indigenous	20	28	22	15	13	1	1	49	28	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	29	25	15	10	1	1	48	26	7845

Question 70j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	27	23	16	16	1	0	44	33	825
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	26	24	17	14	0	1	45	31	7664
2019	Indigenous	19	29	22	16	13	0	1	49	29	862
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	28	25	15	13	1	1	46	29	7602
2018	Indigenous	16	27	24	13	18	1	1	44	32	702
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	27	26	17	14	0	1	42	31	6432
2017	Indigenous	16	29	22	15	16	1	1	46	32	802
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	27	25	17	13	1	1	44	30	7851

Question 70k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	24	23	14	14	1	0	48	29	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	28	22	13	12	0	1	52	26	7658
2019	Indigenous	25	30	19	13	12	0	0	55	25	857
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	29	23	12	11	0	1	54	23	7592
2018	Indigenous	20	27	21	16	15	0	1	47	31	702
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	30	24	14	12	0	1	50	26	6411
2017	Indigenous	21	29	22	13	14	1	0	50	28	802
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	30	22	14	11	1	1	52	26	7851

Question 70l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	23	15	12	18	0	55	30	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	24	17	13	15	1	55	28	7658
2019	Indigenous	30	26	16	11	16	1	57	27	862
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	25	19	11	14	1	55	26	7594

Question 70m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	27	18	14	13	0	1	54	27	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	28	21	10	9	0	1	59	20	7674

Question 70n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	28	24	11	12	0	1	52	24	830
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	29	22	12	10	0	1	56	22	7662
2019	Indigenous	27	30	24	10	8	0	1	57	19	858
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	31	22	11	8	0	1	59	19	7576
2018	Indigenous	23	29	20	14	13	0	0	52	27	699
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	32	23	12	9	0	1	55	21	6401
2017	Indigenous	23	33	20	11	10	1	1	58	22	805
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	31	22	12	9	1	2	56	22	7824

Question 70o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	26	21	12	9	1	0	58	20	823
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	27	21	11	8	0	1	60	19	7646
2019	Indigenous	37	29	17	8	9	1	1	66	17	859
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	27	19	9	10	0	1	62	19	7585
2018	Indigenous	36	28	18	7	9	0	0	65	16	696
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	28	19	10	9	0	1	62	19	6399
2017	Indigenous	36	27	19	9	9	0	1	63	18	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	27	19	11	7	0	1	62	18	7880

Question 70p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	31	15	7	7	1	0	70	14	825
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	32	18	7	5	0	1	69	13	7650

Question 70q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	54	20	12	5	6	1	3	76	11	827
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	21	10	4	4	1	4	82	8	7657
2019	Indigenous	56	18	10	3	7	2	4	79	11	857
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	17	9	4	6	1	5	81	10	7564
2018	Indigenous	53	20	13	5	7	0	2	75	12	701
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	21	11	4	6	1	4	78	11	6407

Question 70r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	17	12	7	11	1	1	70	18	821
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	16	9	6	8	1	1	77	14	7653
2019	Indigenous	43	19	14	9	13	1	1	63	22	866
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	19	12	7	8	1	1	73	15	7596
2018	Indigenous	37	20	16	9	15	1	2	59	25	702
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	20	14	8	9	1	2	68	17	6420
2017	Indigenous	39	22	14	12	10	0	1	63	23	801
2017	Non-Indigenous	49	21	12	7	8	1	2	72	15	7881

Question 70s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	25	14	9	6	0	1	71	15	824
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	27	12	5	5	0	1	78	10	7646
2019	Indigenous	36	33	17	6	7	1	1	69	13	858
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	32	14	6	5	0	1	75	11	7574
2018	Indigenous	31	33	22	6	8	0	1	64	14	710
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	32	16	8	6	0	1	70	14	6419
2017	Indigenous	34	35	14	8	7	1	1	70	16	800
2017	Non-Indigenous	37	33	16	7	5	0	1	71	13	7875

Question 70t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	18	13	7	15	0	1	65	22	825
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	21	12	8	10	0	1	70	17	7647
2019	Indigenous	38	24	13	10	12	2	1	64	23	857
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	23	13	8	10	0	1	69	18	7567
2018	Indigenous	33	20	19	9	18	0	1	54	27	705
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	25	16	9	12	0	1	63	22	6403
2017	Indigenous	34	25	15	11	14	1	0	60	25	803
2017	Non-Indigenous	41	25	15	9	9	0	1	66	19	7874

Question 70u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	57	14	6	2	2	1	18	88	4	822
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	14	6	2	2	0	21	87	5	7656
2019	Indigenous	51	15	8	3	3	1	18	82	8	859
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	14	7	3	2	0	22	85	6	7528
2018	Indigenous	49	16	6	2	3	0	24	86	6	701
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	14	8	3	2	0	25	82	7	6362
2017	Indigenous	48	18	6	3	3	1	21	84	7	799
2017	Non-Indigenous	46	16	8	3	2	1	25	83	6	7865

Question 70v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	24	10	5	3	1	2	82	8	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	23	9	3	3	1	3	85	6	7696
2019	Indigenous	55	24	8	5	4	1	3	83	9	860
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	22	9	3	2	1	4	86	5	7554
2018	Indigenous	52	24	11	4	2	1	7	82	6	704
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	23	10	3	3	0	6	83	6	6384
2017	Indigenous	53	26	9	3	4	1	6	84	7	796
2017	Non-Indigenous	55	24	9	3	2	1	7	85	5	7820

Question 70w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	67	17	6	3	5	1	2	86	9	833
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	14	6	3	4	0	2	86	7	7712
2019	Indigenous	68	16	6	2	4	1	3	88	6	861
2019	Non-Indigenous	70	14	6	3	4	1	3	86	8	7582
2018	Indigenous	66	16	5	3	6	0	4	86	9	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	64	16	7	3	5	0	4	84	9	6410
2017	Indigenous	66	15	6	3	5	1	4	85	9	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	63	17	7	4	5	1	5	84	9	7884

Question 70x. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	44	30	14	7	4	0	1	75	11	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	29	14	5	3	0	1	78	8	7693
2019	Indigenous	48	30	14	5	3	1	1	78	8	857
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	29	12	3	2	0	2	82	6	7558
2018	Indigenous	46	28	14	6	4	0	2	76	9	704
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	30	14	4	3	0	2	78	7	6394
2017	Indigenous	45	30	14	4	5	0	2	76	9	804
2017	Non-Indigenous	46	31	13	4	2	0	3	80	6	7876

Question 71. To what extent is stress from the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacting your ability to carry out day-to-day work responsibilities?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	29	26	16	12	0	0	45	29	832
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	33	27	12	8	0	0	52	20	7688

Question 72. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	24	32	21	13	0	33	34	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	26	35	19	10	0	36	29	7699
2019	Indigenous	10	28	33	16	12	0	38	29	867
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	26	37	18	9	0	36	27	7631
2018	Indigenous	9	20	36	18	18	0	28	36	708
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	24	38	20	10	0	32	30	6436
2017	Indigenous	7	19	38	18	17	1	27	35	807
2017	Non-Indigenous	7	22	40	19	12	0	29	31	7891

Question 73. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	28	32	13	4	18	50	825
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	26	36	15	6	21	43	7673
2019	Indigenous	21	24	36	14	4	18	45	863
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	25	37	15	7	22	41	7542
2018	Indigenous	27	27	32	11	3	14	54	704
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	26	37	14	6	20	43	6391
2017	Indigenous	19	26	38	13	4	17	46	805
2017	Non-Indigenous	13	27	39	14	6	20	41	7861

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 93. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	44	34	21	1	44	56	829
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	38	18	1	46	54	7724

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 94. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	74	369
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	3544

Question 97. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	17	15	12	20	3	6	49	35	831
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	17	16	12	16	2	8	52	30	7690
2019	Indigenous	26	14	17	13	24	2	4	43	39	848
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	15	17	13	23	1	5	44	38	7465
2018	Indigenous	25	14	14	12	30	1	4	41	45	706
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	14	15	13	25	1	6	43	40	6427

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 95. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	4	17	15	18	43	2	2	21	63	372
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	15	16	19	40	1	4	21	62	3548

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 96. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	3	13	14	16	53	1	1	16	70	371
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	12	12	21	49	1	1	16	71	3551

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Correctional Service Canada by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark