2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Department of National Defence by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2020 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	33	10	12	7	72	19	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	39	12	7	4	77	11	13267
2019	Indigenous	34	38	14	9	5	71	15	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	39	12	7	5	75	12	12732
2018	Indigenous	36	37	12	7	8	73	15	406
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	41	12	8	5	75	13	9865
2017	Indigenous	33	42	13	7	5	75	12	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	43	11	7	4	77	12	12027
2014	Indigenous	32	40	12	9	7	72	16	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	30	45	11	8	5	75	14	14126

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	31	14	11	14	61	25	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	36	14	10	7	69	17	13249
2019	Indigenous	31	32	14	10	13	63	23	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	36	15	10	8	67	18	12710
2018	Indigenous	27	32	17	14	11	59	25	410
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	37	15	11	8	66	20	9929
2017	Indigenous	29	33	13	11	14	62	25	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	37	15	11	9	65	20	11999

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	60	27	8	3	3	86	6	480
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	31	8	2	2	88	4	13185
2019	Indigenous	59	27	9	4	2	86	5	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	32	9	2	2	87	4	12653
2018	Indigenous	55	31	9	1	5	86	6	406
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	32	9	3	2	87	4	9885
2017	Indigenous	64	26	7	1	2	90	3	497
2017	Non-Indigenous	57	32	7	2	1	89	4	11979
2014	Indigenous	68	22	5	2	3	90	5	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	64	26	6	2	1	90	3	14109

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	33	9	10	2	78	12	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	36	9	5	2	83	7	13263
2019	Indigenous	45	34	12	4	5	79	9	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	38	10	5	3	82	8	12727
2018	Indigenous	44	32	12	5	7	77	12	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	37	11	6	3	80	9	9939
2017	Indigenous	45	35	9	6	4	80	11	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	44	38	11	5	3	81	8	11955
2014	Indigenous	47	35	7	5	6	82	11	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	43	38	10	5	3	81	9	14107

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	28	16	8	10	0	66	18	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	32	14	8	5	0	73	13	13238
2019	Indigenous	38	26	17	9	9	0	64	18	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	33	16	8	6	0	70	14	12684
2018	Indigenous	31	31	22	6	10	0	62	16	410
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	32	18	8	7	1	67	15	9961
2017	Indigenous	32	35	13	9	10	2	67	20	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	33	17	9	6	0	67	16	12013
2014	Indigenous	29	32	16	10	12	1	61	22	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	27	37	17	10	8	1	64	19	14125

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	34	13	10	9	0	68	19	484
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	34	14	8	5	0	73	13	13186
2019	Indigenous	35	30	17	9	9	0	65	18	518
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	35	15	9	6	0	70	15	12641
2018	Indigenous	30	30	22	6	12	0	60	18	403
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	34	17	9	6	0	67	16	9927
2017	Indigenous	30	38	12	9	10	0	69	19	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	32	36	16	10	6	0	68	16	12015
2014	Indigenous	27	34	16	11	11	1	62	22	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	38	16	11	8	0	64	19	14125

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	21	16	12	13	2	0	59	25	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	25	16	9	7	2	1	67	16	13260
2019	Indigenous	36	21	17	11	12	3	0	58	24	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	26	17	10	9	3	0	63	20	12716
2018	Indigenous	33	22	16	13	12	3	1	58	26	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	26	19	10	9	3	0	61	20	9969
2017	Indigenous	34	23	15	11	13	3	1	59	25	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	33	27	18	11	8	3	1	62	20	12017
2014	Indigenous	30	21	15	15	14	4	1	54	31	545
2014	Non-Indigenous	30	27	18	12	10	3	0	59	22	14119

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	26	15	6	8	2	4	69	15	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	27	16	4	4	1	4	74	8	13259
2019	Indigenous	35	26	20	6	7	1	5	65	13	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	29	19	5	4	1	4	71	9	12741

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	25	12	10	11	1	1	66	21	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	31	11	7	5	0	0	76	12	13251
2019	Indigenous	38	29	12	10	10	0	1	68	20	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	32	12	9	6	1	0	73	15	12689
2018	Indigenous	33	33	15	9	9	0	0	66	19	407
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	33	13	10	7	0	0	70	17	9903
2017	Indigenous	37	31	11	9	11	1	1	68	21	497
2017	Non-Indigenous	37	34	12	9	6	1	0	72	16	12037
2014	Indigenous	36	25	13	14	9	1	1	62	24	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	34	35	12	10	8	0	0	70	18	14125

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	23	11	7	9	1	0	73	16	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	26	10	6	5	0	0	79	11	13283
2019	Indigenous	47	26	11	7	8	0	0	73	15	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	29	12	7	5	0	0	75	13	12734
2018	Indigenous	36	32	15	9	8	0	0	68	16	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	28	13	8	8	0	0	71	16	9918
2017	Indigenous	46	25	13	6	8	0	1	72	15	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	44	29	12	7	7	0	0	74	14	11982
2014	Indigenous	44	27	11	8	10	1	0	71	18	545
2014	Non-Indigenous	41	31	12	8	7	0	0	72	15	14110

Senior management

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	24	17	11	10	4	60	22	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	30	14	8	7	4	70	15	13275
2019	Indigenous	32	30	14	9	13	3	63	23	520
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	33	17	10	7	3	64	18	12688
2018	Indigenous	27	31	16	9	13	4	60	23	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	31	18	11	9	4	61	21	10007
2017	Indigenous	27	30	17	10	12	3	59	23	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	26	33	17	11	9	4	62	20	12046
2014	Indigenous	26	28	17	13	14	3	55	27	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	34	17	12	10	5	59	23	14111

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	27	16	12	15	1	57	27	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	31	15	11	9	1	64	20	13235
2019	Indigenous	28	28	15	14	13	2	57	28	520
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	32	18	13	10	1	58	23	12666
2018	Indigenous	25	29	19	10	15	2	55	26	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	31	18	14	12	1	55	26	9972
2017	Indigenous	24	29	15	15	15	1	54	31	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	31	18	15	12	2	55	27	12044
2014	Indigenous	22	28	18	13	17	1	50	31	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	31	19	16	14	2	50	31	14113

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	27	17	17	15	1	50	33	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	31	20	14	10	3	56	24	13241
2019	Indigenous	20	28	15	18	16	3	50	35	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	29	22	16	12	3	49	29	12654
2018	Indigenous	18	27	19	17	16	3	46	34	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	28	22	17	14	3	46	32	9968
2017	Indigenous	18	28	20	15	17	2	47	33	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	29	20	18	14	4	46	33	12042
2014	Indigenous	15	25	21	17	19	3	41	37	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	27	21	19	16	3	41	37	14108

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	29	17	18	16	1	49	34	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	32	16	16	12	1	55	29	13265
2019	Indigenous	18	28	14	20	18	2	47	38	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	30	19	19	14	2	47	34	12666
2018	Indigenous	15	27	19	18	19	1	43	38	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	29	19	20	17	2	44	37	9982
2017	Indigenous	16	27	15	19	19	3	44	40	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	14	30	18	19	16	2	46	36	12018
2014	Indigenous	15	25	16	19	23	2	41	43	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	29	18	21	17	2	42	39	14108

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	31	16	12	16	55	28	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	35	16	12	8	64	20	13278
2019	Indigenous	25	31	17	15	12	56	27	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	35	18	13	9	59	22	12727
2018	Indigenous	22	32	16	13	16	54	30	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	32	20	13	12	55	25	9905
2017	Indigenous	24	32	17	12	15	56	28	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	34	18	14	11	57	25	12024
2014	Indigenous	21	30	13	17	18	51	35	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	34	19	16	12	53	28	14118

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	34	13	16	6	0	64	23	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	42	12	10	4	0	73	15	13219
2019	Indigenous	25	42	13	13	8	0	67	20	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	42	14	12	5	0	69	17	12689
2018	Indigenous	26	39	15	12	7	1	65	19	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	39	15	12	7	0	66	18	9912
2017	Indigenous	28	38	14	12	9	0	66	20	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	41	14	11	6	0	69	18	12021

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	28	14	8	11	0	0	66	20	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	31	14	8	6	0	0	72	14	13248
2019	Indigenous	38	26	17	9	9	0	1	64	19	520
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	32	16	9	6	1	0	69	15	12720
2018	Indigenous	28	37	16	11	7	0	1	66	18	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	35	16	9	7	0	0	68	16	9936
2017	Indigenous	37	31	13	9	10	0	0	68	19	497
2017	Non-Indigenous	32	37	15	9	7	0	0	70	16	12042
2014	Indigenous	34	31	16	10	8	0	1	65	19	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	31	37	14	10	7	0	0	69	17	14122

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	32	10	16	7	1	66	23	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	38	13	12	5	1	70	17	13244
2019	Indigenous	27	37	12	13	11	0	64	24	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	39	12	13	7	0	68	20	12698
2018	Indigenous	23	41	12	13	10	1	65	23	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	41	12	13	7	1	68	20	9929
2017	Indigenous	28	33	9	18	12	0	61	30	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	26	38	12	15	9	0	64	24	12030
2014	Indigenous	25	36	11	17	11	1	61	27	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	37	12	16	11	0	61	27	14109

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	25	15	4	12	3	1	68	17	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	25	15	6	6	1	2	73	11	13224

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	24	20	14	14	3	1	51	29	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	32	18	12	9	2	1	60	21	13238
2019	Indigenous	23	26	15	15	18	2	0	51	34	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	32	18	14	12	2	0	55	26	12708
2018	Indigenous	19	30	18	15	17	1	0	49	32	410
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	31	19	14	13	2	0	53	27	9957
2017	Indigenous	23	28	14	15	17	2	0	53	33	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	33	17	14	11	2	1	57	26	12038
2014	Indigenous	20	27	17	14	19	1	2	49	34	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	31	17	16	15	2	1	50	32	14115

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	17	16	13	30	2	2	38	44	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	24	17	15	18	2	5	46	35	13267
2019	Indigenous	20	19	15	15	27	2	2	41	43	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	25	17	15	21	2	4	45	38	12740
2018	Indigenous	16	22	17	11	31	1	3	39	43	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	24	17	15	23	2	4	42	40	9974
2017	Indigenous	15	21	14	14	29	2	4	39	46	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	24	15	16	21	2	5	43	41	12040
2014	Indigenous	13	18	14	17	31	1	6	34	52	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	21	16	17	28	2	5	35	48	14122

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	53	22	10	6	4	1	3	79	11	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	21	10	4	2	1	4	83	7	13280
2019	Indigenous	55	20	13	5	3	1	3	78	9	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	22	10	3	2	1	4	84	5	12717

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	22	18	9	9	2	2	63	18	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	23	15	7	4	1	3	73	12	13262
2019	Indigenous	39	23	17	8	10	2	2	64	18	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	24	16	7	5	2	4	71	13	12696

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	65	11	7	3	6	4	3	82	10	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	9	5	2	3	2	4	90	5	13223
2019	Indigenous	67	11	8	5	5	3	2	82	10	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	10	5	3	3	3	4	88	6	12641

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	65	12	7	4	6	3	4	82	11	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	72	11	5	2	1	2	6	91	4	13233
2019	Indigenous	71	8	6	2	3	4	7	87	6	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	9	4	2	2	2	9	92	4	12643

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	37	11	10	12	0	66	23	483
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	38	13	10	6	0	71	16	13217
2019	Indigenous	30	33	14	12	11	0	63	23	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	38	13	11	7	0	69	18	12681
2018	Indigenous	25	39	12	12	12	0	64	24	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	39	14	11	8	0	66	19	9926
2017	Indigenous	32	37	9	10	12	0	69	22	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	30	40	12	11	7	0	70	18	11962
2014	Indigenous	25	36	11	16	11	1	61	28	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	42	13	13	10	0	64	23	14114

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	28	16	9	11	64	20	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	34	15	8	6	71	14	13253
2019	Indigenous	33	32	14	10	12	65	21	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	34	16	9	7	68	16	12710
2018	Indigenous	32	30	13	12	13	62	25	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	34	17	10	8	65	18	9907
2017	Indigenous	36	30	12	11	10	66	22	494
2017	Non-Indigenous	33	35	14	10	7	69	17	11974
2014	Indigenous	33	31	14	12	9	64	22	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	29	37	15	11	8	66	19	14120

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	37	13	11	9	67	20	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	39	14	9	5	72	14	13197
2019	Indigenous	32	35	11	12	9	67	21	515
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	39	15	10	5	70	16	12600
2018	Indigenous	28	34	16	12	10	63	22	407
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	35	16	11	8	64	19	9918
2017	Indigenous	34	30	13	11	12	65	22	497
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	37	15	10	7	68	17	11971
2014	Indigenous	32	31	13	15	9	63	24	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	27	37	16	12	8	64	20	14112

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	38	17	12	8	2	63	20	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	43	17	9	5	2	68	14	13255
2019	Indigenous	21	40	16	11	9	3	63	20	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	42	19	10	5	3	64	16	12719
2018	Indigenous	18	37	20	10	13	2	56	23	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	37	23	10	8	2	58	19	9969
2017	Indigenous	20	37	18	10	12	3	59	22	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	38	21	11	7	3	60	19	12045

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	29	10	8	9	0	0	73	17	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	31	10	7	4	0	0	78	11	13238
2019	Indigenous	46	27	12	7	6	0	0	74	14	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	32	11	6	5	0	0	78	11	12703
2018	Indigenous	38	31	11	11	8	0	0	70	19	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	34	12	7	5	0	0	76	11	9906
2017	Indigenous	38	34	10	10	7	0	0	72	17	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	42	34	11	8	5	0	1	77	12	12011
2014	Indigenous	41	27	16	8	8	1	0	68	16	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	37	35	13	8	6	0	1	73	14	14110

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	31	16	8	6	0	0	70	14	484
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	33	15	7	5	0	0	73	12	13199
2019	Indigenous	47	26	16	6	6	0	0	73	11	518
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	32	17	6	4	0	1	72	11	12588
2018	Indigenous	39	30	19	5	6	0	1	70	11	413
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	32	16	8	5	0	1	71	13	10006
2017	Indigenous	42	32	16	5	3	1	1	75	9	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	38	34	15	7	4	0	1	73	11	12033
2014	Indigenous	39	31	17	6	5	0	2	71	11	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	36	35	17	7	5	0	1	71	12	14119

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Flexible work hours mean that an employee is able to vary the start and end times of their workday.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	49	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	54	13287

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	53	17	9	4	7	3	7	79	11	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	18	10	3	3	2	7	82	7	13280

Mobility and retention

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	39	37	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	46	32	13297
2019	Indigenous	25	41	34	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	43	32	12752
2018	Indigenous	24	41	35	414
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	44	32	10012
2017	Indigenous	28	42	30	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	46	30	12046
2014	Indigenous	25	37	38	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	46	31	14116

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	26	24	12	2	9	123
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	31	24	4	3	7	3095
2019	Indigenous	20	35	29	3	7	6	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	29	25	5	9	6	3223
2018	Indigenous	22	25	27	6	7	13	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	27	25	5	7	6	2497
2017	Indigenous	26	27	27	9	5	6	142
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	26	25	5	6	7	2939
2014	Indigenous	25	19	34	10	9999	12	142
2014	Non-Indigenous	31	24	25	9	9999	11	3392

Top of page

Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	32	12	5	6	0	78	11	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	38	10	4	2	0	83	7	13232
2019	Indigenous	40	37	12	6	4	1	78	10	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	40	11	5	3	0	81	8	12683
2018	Indigenous	46	38	10	2	4	1	84	6	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	41	9	4	3	0	84	7	9960
2017	Indigenous	43	37	9	6	4	1	81	10	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	40	40	10	5	3	0	81	9	12020
2014	Indigenous	45	32	12	7	3	1	78	10	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	38	40	12	5	4	1	79	9	14112

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	34	19	12	8	0	61	20	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	40	18	9	4	1	68	14	13256
2019	Indigenous	25	36	19	12	7	1	62	19	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	40	19	11	5	1	65	16	12732
2018	Indigenous	22	35	20	13	9	0	57	22	407
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	39	20	12	7	1	61	19	9975
2017	Indigenous	23	35	19	14	8	1	59	22	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	39	19	12	7	1	62	19	12024
2014	Indigenous	25	32	17	14	9	3	59	24	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	38	19	13	8	2	58	22	14119

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	27	30	18	10	0	1	27	42	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	25	36	20	8	0	1	28	36	13272
2019	Indigenous	12	27	31	20	8	1	1	29	39	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	27	35	18	8	1	1	27	38	12720
2018	Indigenous	14	26	33	16	10	1	0	26	41	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	26	34	18	8	1	1	27	38	9994
2017	Indigenous	13	23	35	15	9	1	4	25	38	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	11	26	34	18	8	1	3	27	38	11960
2014	Indigenous	12	30	32	17	7	0	2	24	43	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	29	35	16	6	1	2	23	41	14092

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	21	29	22	14	0	1	36	35	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	18	27	28	16	1	1	45	27	13206
2019	Indigenous	14	22	25	19	18	1	1	38	37	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	20	29	23	14	1	1	38	33	12686
2018	Indigenous	14	21	29	19	14	2	1	34	36	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	21	28	22	14	2	1	36	35	9955
2017	Indigenous	16	20	27	17	14	2	4	33	38	494
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	21	29	20	13	2	3	35	35	11910
2014	Indigenous	15	24	28	18	11	1	2	31	41	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	24	30	19	10	2	2	29	39	14088

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	22	30	19	9	0	2	28	41	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	25	30	17	9	1	1	26	43	13220
2019	Indigenous	20	26	26	15	11	1	1	27	47	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	27	28	14	8	1	2	23	48	12694
2018	Indigenous	20	25	26	15	10	1	2	26	47	410
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	26	27	13	8	1	2	22	50	9963
2017	Indigenous	22	26	24	12	9	1	5	22	52	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	27	26	12	8	1	3	21	51	11945
2014	Indigenous	22	25	27	14	8	1	4	22	49	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	24	28	26	12	6	1	2	19	54	14096

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	17	25	34	16	1	2	51	23	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	12	30	34	16	1	1	51	18	13200
2019	Indigenous	6	11	26	33	21	1	2	56	17	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	13	31	31	17	1	2	49	19	12655
2018	Indigenous	7	14	29	27	19	1	3	48	22	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	14	32	31	15	1	2	46	21	9931
2017	Indigenous	6	16	27	29	16	2	5	48	23	490
2017	Non-Indigenous	6	14	32	28	16	1	4	46	21	11867
2014	Indigenous	8	11	32	31	14	0	4	46	20	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	6	15	34	30	12	1	2	44	22	14033

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	19	28	21	11	1	1	32	39	484
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	21	28	23	13	1	1	36	35	13244
2019	Indigenous	19	22	26	16	15	0	1	32	42	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	22	29	18	12	1	2	31	39	12703
2018	Indigenous	24	23	21	16	13	2	1	30	49	414
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	25	27	17	11	1	2	28	45	9972
2017	Indigenous	23	24	25	15	10	1	3	25	49	495
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	23	27	17	11	1	3	29	43	11956
2014	Indigenous	25	25	25	15	8	0	2	23	52	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	27	27	14	7	1	2	22	50	14086

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	15	26	26	19	1	2	46	27	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	17	24	27	18	2	2	47	27	13201
2019	Indigenous	15	20	23	21	19	1	2	41	36	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	19	26	23	15	2	2	40	33	12670
2018	Indigenous	14	22	22	24	14	3	2	39	38	415
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	20	26	22	15	2	2	39	34	9938
2017	Indigenous	15	20	24	16	17	2	6	36	38	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	19	25	22	15	2	5	39	34	11934
2014	Indigenous	15	17	26	20	15	2	6	38	34	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	19	26	23	14	2	4	40	32	14067

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	20	31	19	10	1	2	30	38	483
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	22	31	18	11	2	1	30	38	13218
2019	Indigenous	16	21	30	18	13	1	1	31	38	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	24	30	16	10	2	2	27	42	12678
2018	Indigenous	19	24	30	14	8	2	3	24	45	413
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	24	29	14	9	2	2	24	45	9971
2017	Indigenous	21	24	24	16	8	2	5	26	48	494
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	23	30	13	8	2	4	23	45	11948
2014	Indigenous	18	21	31	15	8	3	4	25	42	545
2014	Non-Indigenous	20	24	30	14	7	2	3	22	46	14077

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	22	34	23	10	1	1	33	32	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	18	36	25	12	1	1	37	27	13248
2019	Indigenous	12	17	33	21	15	1	2	37	29	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	18	33	24	12	1	2	38	29	12710

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	34	18	19	12	1	51	31	484
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	34	22	17	8	1	52	26	13219
2019	Indigenous	13	33	20	20	12	1	47	33	518
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	32	23	20	11	2	46	31	12688

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	28	9	13	16	0	0	62	29	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	31	11	10	7	1	0	71	18	13250
2019	Indigenous	36	27	12	11	13	0	0	64	24	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	31	11	11	8	0	0	69	19	12705
2018	Indigenous	29	27	15	14	15	0	0	56	29	404
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	32	12	12	10	1	0	66	22	9949
2017	Indigenous	32	27	10	17	14	1	0	59	31	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	35	32	12	11	10	1	0	68	21	12027
2014	Indigenous	33	25	13	12	17	0	1	58	29	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	33	32	11	12	11	1	0	66	23	14110

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	33	10	11	8	0	71	19	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	35	9	8	3	0	80	11	13226
2019	Indigenous	36	34	11	12	7	0	69	19	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	36	10	9	4	0	77	13	12699
2018	Indigenous	32	35	12	12	9	0	67	21	406
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	39	11	8	5	0	76	13	9933
2017	Indigenous	31	36	11	12	9	0	68	21	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	33	41	11	9	5	0	74	14	12009
2014	Indigenous	31	38	11	13	6	1	69	19	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	30	43	12	10	5	0	73	15	14108

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	37	10	9	7	1	73	16	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	39	13	6	3	1	78	9	13148
2019	Indigenous	34	32	17	9	7	1	67	16	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	40	14	6	3	1	76	10	12712
2018	Indigenous	27	39	16	7	9	1	68	16	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	41	15	6	4	1	74	11	9950

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	33	16	10	6	1	0	67	17	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	38	15	7	3	2	0	74	10	13214
2019	Indigenous	33	32	17	9	7	3	0	67	16	520
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	40	16	7	4	2	0	73	11	12682
2018	Indigenous	33	35	16	8	6	1	0	70	14	408
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	39	15	6	3	1	0	75	9	9959
2017	Indigenous	34	35	14	8	7	1	0	71	15	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	41	15	6	3	2	0	76	9	12009
2014	Indigenous	35	32	16	8	6	2	1	69	14	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	34	38	16	6	3	3	0	74	10	14118

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	29	20	5	5	3	1	69	10	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	34	16	5	3	3	1	75	8	13246
2019	Indigenous	36	31	19	5	8	2	0	68	13	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	35	17	4	3	3	1	74	8	12678
2018	Indigenous	36	33	17	7	5	1	1	71	12	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	36	17	4	3	3	0	75	7	9959
2017	Indigenous	37	31	18	5	6	3	1	70	12	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	36	18	5	3	3	1	73	8	12031
2014	Indigenous	39	31	14	7	4	5	2	75	11	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	35	36	17	4	3	4	1	75	7	14121

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	30	10	8	5	0	76	14	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	34	8	5	3	0	84	7	13238
2019	Indigenous	46	31	10	7	6	0	78	13	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	36	10	5	4	0	81	9	12705
2018	Indigenous	39	36	12	5	7	0	75	13	410
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	37	10	5	4	0	81	9	9952
2017	Indigenous	40	39	9	4	6	1	80	11	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	42	39	10	6	4	0	81	9	12025
2014	Indigenous	43	30	13	7	6	0	74	13	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	40	38	11	6	4	0	79	10	14108

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	26	11	5	8	5	2	74	14	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	26	13	4	4	5	3	77	9	13223

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.
Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism.

Anti-racism is an active and consistent process of change to eliminate individual, institutional and systemic racism.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	29	20	7	4	4	1	68	12	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	33	17	4	2	4	1	76	7	13262

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	26	14	8	7	1	1	70	15	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	31	11	4	3	3	1	80	8	13237

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	8	20	28	32	12	0	9	69	17
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	7	25	17	38	9	1	10	62	142

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	27	17	13	17	3	2	51	32	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	33	19	11	8	3	2	60	20	13260
2019	Indigenous	24	29	18	13	13	2	1	55	27	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	32	19	11	9	3	2	59	22	12714
2018	Indigenous	17	31	23	11	14	2	2	50	27	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	33	21	12	11	3	2	54	24	9970
2017	Indigenous	22	31	14	13	15	3	1	56	29	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	33	17	12	11	3	2	58	23	12028
2014	Indigenous	22	29	16	16	13	3	1	53	30	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	33	17	12	11	3	2	59	24	14116

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	34	13	8	10	2	0	68	19	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	36	14	8	5	2	1	71	14	13263
2019	Indigenous	31	32	15	11	9	1	1	64	20	524
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	37	16	10	6	2	1	67	17	12721
2018	Indigenous	29	39	13	12	7	0	0	68	19	407
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	38	15	10	6	1	1	68	16	9969
2017	Indigenous	36	33	12	8	9	1	1	70	18	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	32	39	13	8	5	2	1	73	13	12005
2014	Indigenous	40	34	8	6	9	3	1	77	15	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	33	39	12	8	5	2	1	74	13	14121

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	31	20	11	7	0	63	18	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	36	16	7	4	1	72	11	13233
2019	Indigenous	31	31	20	9	8	0	62	17	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	37	20	8	5	1	67	13	12703
2018	Indigenous	29	34	20	7	10	0	63	17	407
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	36	19	8	6	1	66	14	9955

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	24	16	11	18	4	0	54	30	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	29	17	11	10	6	1	60	22	13250
2019	Indigenous	24	27	18	11	16	3	0	53	28	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	28	20	12	11	6	1	54	25	12707
2018	Indigenous	19	30	18	13	17	3	1	51	31	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	29	20	13	12	5	1	53	26	9964
2017	Indigenous	24	24	16	13	16	5	1	51	32	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	29	17	13	12	6	1	55	27	11993
2014	Indigenous	23	28	11	15	19	5	0	53	35	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	28	17	14	14	6	1	51	30	14111

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	48	3	15	6	0	0	76	21	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	47	5	12	3	0	0	79	15	13285

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	34	10	10	6	74	16	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	39	9	10	4	77	14	13269
2019	Indigenous	41	30	8	14	7	72	21	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	37	8	11	5	76	16	12725
2017	Indigenous	39	31	8	13	9	70	22	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	36	38	8	11	6	74	17	12025
2014	Indigenous	37	36	7	12	7	73	20	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	38	37	8	11	6	75	17	14102

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	34	8	9	8	76	16	482
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	37	9	8	3	80	11	13208
2019	Indigenous	44	31	9	9	7	75	16	516
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	38	9	7	3	80	11	12659
2017	Indigenous	41	35	8	9	7	77	16	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	43	40	7	7	3	82	10	11996
2014	Indigenous	43	36	7	11	3	79	13	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	41	39	9	7	3	81	10	14108

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	65	22	5	4	2	0	0	88	7	483
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	21	4	2	1	0	1	92	4	13251
2017	Indigenous	61	23	8	3	2	1	2	87	6	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	63	25	6	3	2	1	1	90	5	12021
2014	Indigenous	64	23	5	3	2	0	2	89	5	548
2014	Non-Indigenous	61	26	6	3	2	1	2	89	5	14111

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	17	17	7	13	15	7	54	25	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	22	14	8	7	12	5	66	17	13280
2019	Indigenous	29	18	17	8	11	15	3	57	23	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	23	14	7	8	12	4	66	17	12733

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	13281
2019	Indigenous	20	80	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	12713
2018	Indigenous	22	78	410
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	84	10000

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	48	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1476
2019	Indigenous	54	46	93
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	48	1697
2018	Indigenous	54	46	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1474

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	63	37	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	40	1476
2019	Indigenous	66	34	93
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	40	1697
2018	Indigenous	69	31	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	62	38	1474

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1476
2019	Indigenous	9	91	93
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1697
2018	Indigenous	12	88	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1474

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	0	100	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	0	100	1474

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1476
2019	Indigenous	10	90	93
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1697
2018	Indigenous	16	84	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1474

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	7	93	93
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1697
2018	Indigenous	7	93	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1474

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	63	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	62	1476
2019	Indigenous	45	55	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	1671
2018	Indigenous	47	53	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	1472

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	45	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	59	1476
2019	Indigenous	52	48	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	1671
2018	Indigenous	51	49	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1472

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	53	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1476
2019	Indigenous	52	48	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	1671
2018	Indigenous	51	49	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1472

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	48	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1476
2019	Indigenous	37	63	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1671
2018	Indigenous	47	53	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	1472

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	51	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	1476
2019	Indigenous	36	64	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	68	1671
2018	Indigenous	35	65	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	63	1472

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	52	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	46	1476
2019	Indigenous	57	43	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	43	1671
2018	Indigenous	57	43	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	46	1472

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	60	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	1476
2019	Indigenous	42	58	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	1671
2018	Indigenous	37	63	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	61	1472

Question 57i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1476
2019	Indigenous	15	85	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1671
2018	Indigenous	12	88	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1472

Question 57j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	75	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1476
2019	Indigenous	20	80	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1671
2018	Indigenous	10	90	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1472

Question 57k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	60	40	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	53	1476
2019	Indigenous	54	46	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1671
2018	Indigenous	66	34	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	52	1472

Question 57l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	66	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1476
2019	Indigenous	30	70	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	1671
2018	Indigenous	40	60	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1472

Question 57m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1476
2019	Indigenous	11	89	91
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1671
2018	Indigenous	13	87	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1472

Question 58a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	64	36	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	47	1476
2019	Indigenous	58	42	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	47	1661
2018	Indigenous	55	45	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	52	1476

Question 58b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	66	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1476
2019	Indigenous	25	75	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1661
2018	Indigenous	30	70	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	1476

Question 58c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	82	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1476
2019	Indigenous	13	87	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1661

Question 58d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	64	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1476
2019	Indigenous	29	71	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	77	1661
2018	Indigenous	30	70	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	76	1476

Question 58e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1476
2019	Indigenous	12	88	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1661
2018	Indigenous	12	88	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1476

Question 58f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	79	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1476
2019	Indigenous	15	85	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1661
2018	Indigenous	7	93	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1476

Question 58g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1476
2019	Indigenous	25	75	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1661
2018	Indigenous	22	78	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1476

Question 58h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1476
2019	Indigenous	8	92	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1661
2018	Indigenous	8	92	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1476

Question 58i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	89
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	1476
2019	Indigenous	19	81	90
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1661
2018	Indigenous	19	81	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1476

Question 59a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1318
2019	Indigenous	14	86	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1478
2018	Indigenous	9	91	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1314

Question 59b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1318
2019	Indigenous	15	85	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1478
2018	Indigenous	11	89	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1314

Question 59c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1318
2019	Indigenous	11	89	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1478
2018	Indigenous	10	90	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1314

Question 59d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1318
2019	Indigenous	9	91	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1478

Question 59e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1318
2019	Indigenous	17	83	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1478
2018	Indigenous	17	83	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1314

Question 59f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1318
2019	Indigenous	8	92	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1478
2018	Indigenous	15	85	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1314

Question 59g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	13	87	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1478
2018	Indigenous	11	89	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1314

Question 59h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1318
2019	Indigenous	4	96	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1478
2018	Indigenous	11	89	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1314

Question 59i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1318
2019	Indigenous	17	83	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1478
2018	Indigenous	17	83	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1314

Question 59j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	65	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1318
2019	Indigenous	32	68	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	1478
2018	Indigenous	19	81	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1314

Question 59k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1318
2019	Indigenous	12	88	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1478
2018	Indigenous	9	91	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1314

Question 59l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	49	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	58	1318
2019	Indigenous	49	51	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1478
2018	Indigenous	55	45	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1314

Question 59m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	9	91	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	2	98	1478

Question 59n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	69	31	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	44	1318
2019	Indigenous	48	52	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	45	1478
2018	Indigenous	59	41	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	44	1314

Question 59o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1318
2019	Indigenous	8	92	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1478

Question 59p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	82	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1318
2019	Indigenous	16	84	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1478
2018	Indigenous	10	90	76
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1314

Question 60. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	20	16	10	14	13	3	52	28	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	23	19	7	7	16	4	59	18	13260
2019	Indigenous	23	21	20	9	14	12	2	51	26	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	23	20	8	8	16	4	54	21	12729
2018	Indigenous	18	23	19	10	14	11	4	48	29	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	24	22	8	9	14	3	53	20	9968
2017	Indigenous	21	25	22	7	12	10	2	54	22	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	26	20	9	8	14	4	56	20	12041
2014	Indigenous	19	21	22	8	12	14	3	49	25	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	25	21	8	9	16	3	53	21	14122

Question 61. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	28	15	8	9	4	1	65	18	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	32	15	6	4	4	1	73	11	13252
2019	Indigenous	36	27	16	8	10	3	0	65	19	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	32	15	7	5	4	0	71	13	12718
2018	Indigenous	32	28	17	9	10	2	0	62	20	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	33	17	7	6	4	0	69	13	9965
2017	Indigenous	34	32	16	6	9	3	0	68	15	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	34	15	7	5	3	1	71	13	12018
2014	Indigenous	29	30	18	9	9	5	0	61	19	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	27	34	18	8	6	6	1	65	15	14105

Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction, which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 62. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	13267
2019	Indigenous	12	88	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	12686
2018	Indigenous	14	86	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	9980

Question 63a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	59	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	64	824
2019	Indigenous	45	55	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	59	849
2018	Indigenous	50	50	51
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	62	665

Question 63b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	72	28	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	26	824
2019	Indigenous	76	24	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	27	849
2018	Indigenous	66	34	51
2018	Non-Indigenous	77	23	665

Question 63c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	16	84	51
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	665

Question 63d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	0	100	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	1	99	849

Question 63e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	824
2019	Indigenous	17	83	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	849
2018	Indigenous	14	86	51
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	665

Question 63g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	11	89	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	849
2018	Indigenous	9	91	51
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	665

Question 64a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	67	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	824
2019	Indigenous	18	82	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	82	830
2018	Indigenous	29	71	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	82	667

Question 64b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	9	91	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	830
2018	Indigenous	31	69	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	85	666

Question 64c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	824

Question 64e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	74	824
2019	Indigenous	37	63	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	830
2018	Indigenous	31	69	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	666

Question 64f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	74	824
2019	Indigenous	31	69	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	830
2018	Indigenous	23	77	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	666

Question 64g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	100	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	824

Question 64h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	100	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	98	824
2018	Indigenous	9	91	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	666

Question 64i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	824

Question 64j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	79	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	824
2019	Indigenous	9	91	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	830
2018	Indigenous	10	90	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	666

Question 64k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	100	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	1	99	824

Question 64l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	72	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	86	824
2019	Indigenous	28	72	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	830
2018	Indigenous	24	76	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	666

Question 64m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	0	100	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	1	99	830

Question 64n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	75	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	73	824
2019	Indigenous	19	81	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	830
2018	Indigenous	19	81	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	74	666

Question 65a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	63	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	824
2019	Indigenous	25	75	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	66	822
2018	Indigenous	25	75	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	71	665

Question 65b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	79	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	824
2019	Indigenous	21	79	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	83	822
2018	Indigenous	16	84	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	85	665

Question 65c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	824
2019	Indigenous	7	93	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	822
2018	Indigenous	0	100	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	665

Question 65d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	76	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	82	824
2019	Indigenous	18	82	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	81	822
2018	Indigenous	18	82	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	665

Question 65f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	824
2019	Indigenous	10	90	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	822

Question 65g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	824
2019	Indigenous	12	88	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	822
2018	Indigenous	12	88	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	665

Question 65h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	824
2019	Indigenous	8	92	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	822

Question 65i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	76	52
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	824
2019	Indigenous	45	55	55
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	822
2018	Indigenous	47	53	50
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	53	666

Question 66a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	85	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	761

Question 66b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	761
2019	Indigenous	14	86	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	718
2018	Indigenous	11	89	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	603

Question 66d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	14	86	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	718

Question 66g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	12	88	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	718
2018	Indigenous	9	91	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	603

Question 66h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	761
2018	Indigenous	11	89	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	603

Question 66i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	761
2018	Indigenous	13	87	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	603

Question 66j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	72	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	73	761
2019	Indigenous	28	72	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	77	718
2018	Indigenous	25	75	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	603

Question 66k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	761
2018	Indigenous	16	84	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	603

Question 66l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	63	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	761
2019	Indigenous	51	49	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	718
2018	Indigenous	41	59	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	604

Question 66m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	0	100	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	1	99	718
2018	Indigenous	14	86	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	603

Question 66n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	63	37	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	37	761
2019	Indigenous	40	60	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	39	718
2018	Indigenous	70	30	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	67	33	603

Question 66o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	0	100	46
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	718

Question 66p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	82	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	761
2018	Indigenous	9	91	47
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	603

Question 67. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	21	22	5	8	15	3	57	16	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	23	21	4	3	19	4	63	10	13256
2019	Indigenous	26	17	25	6	8	15	3	53	17	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	21	23	5	5	20	5	57	12	12732
2018	Indigenous	21	25	23	6	9	13	2	54	18	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	23	26	4	4	19	3	57	10	9975
2017	Indigenous	25	22	23	5	6	17	3	58	13	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	25	22	4	4	19	5	61	9	12024
2014	Indigenous	21	20	25	6	5	18	5	53	15	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	24	23	4	3	22	5	58	10	14115

Question 68. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	30	16	6	6	5	0	70	13	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	32	17	4	3	5	1	74	8	13243
2019	Indigenous	37	25	18	6	7	5	1	67	14	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	30	18	4	4	6	1	72	8	12710
2018	Indigenous	34	31	16	5	9	4	1	68	15	406
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	32	20	4	4	6	1	70	8	9964
2017	Indigenous	37	29	18	4	6	5	1	70	11	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	34	17	4	3	7	1	74	8	12016
2014	Indigenous	30	29	21	7	4	8	1	64	12	546
2014	Non-Indigenous	29	33	20	4	3	10	1	69	9	14101

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 87. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, did you have workplace accommodation measures in place before the COVID-19 pandemic which are no longer being met?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	13228

Question 88. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	85	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	13232
2019	Indigenous	21	79	518
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	12718
2017	Indigenous	23	77	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	85	12024
2014	Indigenous	22	78	547
2014	Non-Indigenous	15	85	14083

Question 89. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?
A disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society.

A barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	78
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	52	1547

Question 90. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	68	32	77
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	24	1544
2019	Indigenous	73	27	115
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	21	1901
2017	Indigenous	68	32	118
2017	Non-Indigenous	76	24	1810
2014	Indigenous	72	28	122
2014	Non-Indigenous	77	23	2053

Question 91. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	53	31	11	4	2	0	0	83	5	58
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	35	10	6	2	0	0	82	8	1179
2019	Indigenous	45	31	8	10	7	0	0	75	17	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	32	7	8	4	0	0	81	12	1488
2017	Indigenous	41	38	4	9	7	1	0	80	16	82
2017	Non-Indigenous	45	35	7	7	5	0	1	81	12	1382
2014	Indigenous	52	35	6	5	3	0	0	86	7	91
2014	Non-Indigenous	50	32	6	8	3	0	1	83	11	1593

Question 92. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	29	10	9	7	2	1	74	16	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	31	11	5	3	2	3	79	9	13262

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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 75. I believe senior managers in my department or agency take adequate steps to support the mental health of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	29	17	13	9	2	0	60	23	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	33	16	10	6	2	0	68	16	13244

Question 79a. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Clear and easy to understand.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	32	11	13	6	0	0	69	19	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	40	11	9	3	0	0	77	13	13286

Question 79b. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Provided in a timely manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	32	12	13	6	0	0	69	19	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	36	12	9	4	0	0	75	14	13232

Question 79c. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Relevant to the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	31	17	8	5	1	1	69	14	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	37	17	7	3	1	1	73	10	13172

Question 79d. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Consistent with the information provided to me by my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	28	15	7	8	1	0	70	15	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	34	13	5	3	1	1	78	8	13233

Question 79e. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Available in both official languages.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	54	18	12	3	1	7	5	82	5	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	19	8	2	1	8	4	87	3	13244

Question 80. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, my department or agency has clearly communicated the mental health services and resources that are available to me.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	27	13	9	7	2	0	70	16	483
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	33	14	7	4	2	0	75	11	13218

Question 81. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	30	10	9	9	0	0	72	18	483
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	9	8	5	1	0	77	13	13197

Question 82. I am satisfied with the measures my department or agency is taking to protect my physical health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	44	26	10	8	11	0	0	70	19	483
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	31	10	8	5	1	0	77	13	13218

Question 85. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you managed any employees who have been working remotely? (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	72	28	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	82	18	3598

Question 86. My department or agency has provided me with adequate training and/or resources to manage a remote team during the COVID-19 pandemic. (for supervisors who manage employees who have been working remotely)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	29	11	20	8	0	1	61	28	114
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	42	16	12	5	0	0	66	18	3136

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 74. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	33	17	11	6	0	0	67	16	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	39	15	6	3	1	0	75	9	13265
2019	Indigenous	28	33	20	9	8	2	0	62	17	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	39	18	8	4	2	0	69	13	12706
2018	Indigenous	24	39	14	10	11	2	0	64	22	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	39	19	9	5	2	0	67	14	9985
2017	Indigenous	23	37	16	9	11	3	1	62	20	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	39	19	9	6	3	0	65	16	12006

Question 76. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	25	14	13	16	1	0	58	28	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	29	13	11	9	1	0	67	20	13253

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	25	16	5	10	3	0	67	16	484
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	28	14	5	4	3	1	76	10	13188

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	28	17	12	14	1	0	58	25	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	33	16	10	6	1	0	66	17	13263
2019	Indigenous	23	31	18	16	10	1	0	55	27	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	36	18	12	8	1	0	61	20	12726
2018	Indigenous	20	32	20	12	16	1	0	52	28	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	36	19	13	8	1	0	59	21	10004
2017	Indigenous	16	35	18	14	14	3	1	53	28	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	37	19	13	9	2	0	58	23	12025

Question 84. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	42	6	14	7	2	0	72	22	138
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	47	12	11	3	1	1	73	14	3595
2019	Indigenous	30	44	13	10	3	0	0	74	14	118
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	45	15	11	4	1	2	69	16	3277

Work-related stress

Question 70a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Risk of exposure to COVID-19
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	23	21	17	20	0	0	42	37	490
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	29	23	14	11	0	0	52	25	13288

Question 70b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	23	19	15	14	0	0	52	29	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	28	19	11	10	0	0	61	20	13249
2019	Indigenous	22	19	20	16	22	0	1	42	38	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	25	21	13	17	0	1	48	31	12732
2018	Indigenous	19	20	17	20	23	0	1	39	44	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	23	22	15	20	0	1	42	36	10015
2017	Indigenous	21	22	19	15	21	1	1	44	37	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	22	20	15	21	0	1	43	36	12005

Question 70c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	27	24	15	8	1	0	52	23	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	29	23	13	9	0	0	55	22	13254
2019	Indigenous	29	28	21	13	9	1	0	57	22	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	30	23	12	8	0	0	56	20	12726
2018	Indigenous	26	29	22	12	10	0	1	55	22	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	29	27	14	8	0	1	51	22	10011
2017	Indigenous	28	26	22	12	9	1	2	55	22	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	29	24	13	9	0	1	53	22	12013

Question 70d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	26	18	11	7	1	1	64	18	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	31	19	9	5	0	1	68	14	13218
2019	Indigenous	40	29	17	8	5	1	1	70	13	520
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	32	19	8	5	0	1	67	13	12658
2018	Indigenous	33	30	15	13	7	0	2	65	20	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	32	22	10	5	0	1	62	16	9948
2017	Indigenous	35	26	18	10	6	1	3	64	17	491
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	31	20	10	5	0	2	63	16	11974

Question 70e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	18	22	16	18	1	0	44	34	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	24	21	14	13	0	1	51	28	13199
2019	Indigenous	25	20	19	18	19	1	0	45	36	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	24	21	15	16	0	1	47	31	12676
2018	Indigenous	22	19	18	17	22	1	1	42	40	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	23	23	16	16	0	1	43	33	9974
2017	Indigenous	21	19	21	17	19	1	3	41	38	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	23	21	17	16	1	2	44	34	12001

Question 70f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	56	20	10	4	5	1	4	80	10	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	22	10	5	4	0	4	81	9	13211
2019	Indigenous	64	16	10	3	2	1	6	85	5	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	21	10	4	3	0	6	83	7	12682
2018	Indigenous	58	18	9	2	4	1	9	85	6	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	22	11	5	3	0	7	79	8	9978
2017	Indigenous	48	18	13	4	3	1	14	78	8	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	49	23	11	4	3	1	10	80	8	11972

Question 70g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	27	20	7	8	1	1	65	15	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	28	18	8	6	0	1	67	14	13227
2019	Indigenous	49	22	14	8	5	0	1	72	14	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	29	17	7	5	0	1	71	12	12686
2018	Indigenous	38	27	17	7	7	0	3	68	14	414
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	28	19	9	6	0	1	66	15	9999
2017	Indigenous	40	30	15	8	6	0	2	71	14	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	37	31	18	8	4	0	1	69	13	11959

Question 70h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and caregiving responsibilities (e.g., children, elderly, family member(s)) during the COVID-19 pandemic
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	23	19	8	10	1	4	60	19	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	24	17	9	7	0	6	66	16	13248

Question 70i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	25	23	12	9	1	1	56	21	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	33	18	8	5	1	1	68	13	13244
2019	Indigenous	32	31	19	8	8	1	1	65	16	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	35	20	9	5	0	1	66	14	12690
2018	Indigenous	29	32	18	10	9	1	1	62	19	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	33	23	10	6	1	1	60	16	9961
2017	Indigenous	29	31	18	14	7	0	2	61	21	496
2017	Non-Indigenous	29	32	21	10	5	1	1	63	16	11957

Question 70j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	30	22	12	11	0	0	55	23	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	33	21	11	6	0	1	62	17	13220
2019	Indigenous	27	31	21	11	7	1	1	60	19	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	33	22	12	7	0	1	59	19	12673
2018	Indigenous	26	28	21	15	8	1	1	55	24	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	32	24	13	7	0	1	55	20	9952
2017	Indigenous	27	28	22	11	10	0	2	56	22	495
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	32	23	13	7	0	1	56	21	11958

Question 70k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	27	19	10	12	0	0	59	22	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	32	18	9	6	0	1	66	16	13215
2019	Indigenous	34	27	19	7	10	1	1	63	18	520
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	31	19	10	7	0	1	63	17	12662
2018	Indigenous	28	31	20	10	9	1	1	60	20	412
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	30	21	12	7	0	1	59	19	9939
2017	Indigenous	31	28	16	14	9	0	2	60	23	497
2017	Non-Indigenous	30	31	19	11	7	0	1	62	18	11963

Question 70l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	22	15	12	13	0	0	60	26	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	27	14	8	7	0	1	71	15	13202
2019	Indigenous	40	25	15	8	11	1	1	66	19	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	27	15	9	8	0	1	68	17	12666

Question 70m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	29	21	11	7	1	0	61	17	486
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	30	18	9	5	0	1	67	15	13237

Question 70n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	30	17	10	7	1	0	67	17	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	31	19	9	5	0	1	67	14	13237
2019	Indigenous	41	29	15	8	5	1	1	70	14	523
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	33	17	8	4	0	1	71	12	12635
2018	Indigenous	41	30	13	9	5	1	1	72	14	410
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	32	20	10	4	0	1	65	15	9928
2017	Indigenous	40	27	16	8	6	0	2	69	14	495
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	31	19	9	5	1	2	67	14	11912

Question 70o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	29	14	6	6	1	0	73	13	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	29	14	5	3	0	1	78	8	13180
2019	Indigenous	49	23	16	5	5	1	1	74	10	521
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	26	13	5	3	0	1	79	8	12631
2018	Indigenous	52	22	13	6	5	0	1	76	11	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	26	13	5	3	0	2	79	8	9904
2017	Indigenous	51	24	13	6	3	0	1	77	10	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	53	27	12	5	2	0	1	81	7	12011

Question 70p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	32	20	12	5	0	1	63	17	485
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	34	20	9	5	0	0	66	14	13198

Question 70q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	61	20	8	4	4	1	2	83	8	482
2020	Non-Indigenous	67	18	7	2	1	1	4	89	4	13192
2019	Indigenous	65	16	8	2	4	1	5	85	7	517
2019	Non-Indigenous	69	15	6	2	2	1	5	89	4	12622
2018	Indigenous	61	17	9	5	5	0	4	81	10	407
2018	Non-Indigenous	67	18	7	2	2	1	4	88	4	9925

Question 70r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	66	12	7	5	8	0	2	80	13	483
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	11	5	3	3	1	2	90	5	13180
2019	Indigenous	66	13	7	4	7	1	2	82	11	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	71	13	6	4	4	1	2	86	8	12681
2018	Indigenous	61	12	8	9	7	1	3	76	17	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	14	7	4	4	1	2	84	8	9926
2017	Indigenous	64	16	9	4	5	0	2	82	9	498
2017	Non-Indigenous	70	15	6	4	3	1	2	87	7	12013

Question 70s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	25	10	4	5	0	1	80	10	482
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	22	8	3	2	0	1	87	5	13152
2019	Indigenous	49	29	11	5	4	1	1	79	9	516
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	28	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	12654
2018	Indigenous	47	27	11	9	5	0	1	75	14	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	29	12	5	3	0	1	80	8	9976
2017	Indigenous	48	27	12	6	4	0	2	77	10	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	51	29	10	4	3	0	1	82	7	12001

Question 70t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	54	18	12	8	8	0	0	72	16	484
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	19	8	5	5	0	1	82	9	13187
2019	Indigenous	56	18	11	5	8	1	1	75	14	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	21	10	6	5	0	1	79	11	12634
2018	Indigenous	47	24	11	9	9	0	1	71	18	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	23	12	7	6	0	1	75	13	9949
2017	Indigenous	54	21	9	7	7	0	1	76	14	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	55	23	10	6	5	0	1	79	11	12011

Question 70u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	59	13	6	3	3	0	16	85	7	484
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	12	5	2	1	0	18	91	4	13213
2019	Indigenous	57	9	5	2	2	1	24	88	5	517
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	13	5	2	1	0	21	89	4	12606
2018	Indigenous	52	11	4	4	1	0	27	87	7	403
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	13	6	2	1	0	25	88	4	9904
2017	Indigenous	54	14	4	3	3	0	21	86	8	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	55	14	5	2	1	0	22	89	4	12000

Question 70v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	59	23	9	4	3	0	1	83	7	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	67	20	6	2	1	0	2	90	3	13252
2019	Indigenous	65	17	9	2	1	1	5	87	3	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	67	19	7	2	1	0	4	90	3	12636
2018	Indigenous	65	16	7	5	2	0	5	85	8	405
2018	Non-Indigenous	62	21	7	2	1	0	5	89	4	9915
2017	Indigenous	63	20	7	3	3	0	5	86	6	495
2017	Non-Indigenous	64	19	6	2	1	0	6	90	3	11946

Question 70w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	72	14	7	2	3	0	1	87	6	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	15	5	2	2	1	1	91	4	13255
2019	Indigenous	70	12	6	2	4	1	4	87	7	517
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	13	5	2	2	0	2	90	5	12675
2018	Indigenous	70	11	7	4	3	0	5	86	7	411
2018	Non-Indigenous	71	15	6	3	3	0	3	89	5	9953
2017	Indigenous	68	14	6	3	4	1	4	87	7	500
2017	Non-Indigenous	68	17	6	3	2	1	3	89	5	12015

Question 70x. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	30	12	4	3	0	1	81	7	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	28	12	4	2	0	1	81	6	13256
2019	Indigenous	56	22	13	3	2	1	2	82	5	519
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	26	10	3	2	0	1	85	5	12626
2018	Indigenous	51	24	14	4	3	1	2	78	7	409
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	28	11	4	2	0	2	83	6	9935
2017	Indigenous	53	29	10	4	3	0	2	83	7	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	54	28	10	3	2	0	2	84	5	11986

Question 71. To what extent is stress from the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacting your ability to carry out day-to-day work responsibilities?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	34	26	11	5	0	0	58	16	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	41	22	7	4	0	0	66	11	13271

Question 72. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	31	33	14	9	0	0	44	23	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	35	31	12	4	0	0	53	16	13266
2019	Indigenous	21	33	28	11	6	0	0	54	18	522
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	34	30	11	4	0	0	55	15	12747
2018	Indigenous	18	32	31	13	7	0	0	49	20	413
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	32	32	12	5	0	0	51	17	10033
2017	Indigenous	17	29	31	15	7	1	1	47	22	501
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	31	35	12	5	0	0	48	17	12049

Question 73. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	22	34	20	9	0	29	37	488
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	18	35	24	12	0	36	28	13223
2019	Indigenous	13	20	29	25	12	0	37	34	518
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	16	36	25	13	0	39	25	12566
2018	Indigenous	13	19	31	23	13	0	37	32	407
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	18	35	24	13	0	38	27	9897
2017	Indigenous	11	19	37	19	12	1	32	30	499
2017	Non-Indigenous	7	18	38	24	12	1	36	25	11974

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 93. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	44	19	1	55	45	489
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	51	16	1	62	38	13290

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 94. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	68	170
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	66	4043

Question 97. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	13	18	10	10	1	7	58	22	487
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	18	12	8	8	2	9	70	17	13278
2019	Indigenous	36	17	16	13	13	1	4	56	27	515
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	17	14	10	11	1	6	62	23	12513
2018	Indigenous	35	11	15	15	17	1	6	50	34	413
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	15	14	10	13	1	7	60	25	9956

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 95. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	13	24	16	29	2	3	27	47	169
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	21	17	20	27	1	3	33	49	4039

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 96. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	15	21	16	40	0	0	23	56	170
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	17	15	22	38	1	2	23	62	4042

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Department of National Defence by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack