2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Employment and Social Development Canada by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2020 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	31	11	6	3	79	10	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	38	11	7	3	80	10	18106
2019	Indigenous	41	36	10	6	6	78	12	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	39	12	8	5	75	13	15109
2018	Indigenous	39	38	12	7	5	77	12	640
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	43	12	8	4	76	12	13807
2017	Indigenous	36	40	11	8	4	77	12	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	32	44	12	7	5	76	12	15101
2014	Indigenous	31	43	11	8	7	74	15	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	46	13	9	6	72	15	14542

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	33	14	10	5	70	15	767
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	36	14	9	5	72	14	18058
2019	Indigenous	33	34	14	11	8	67	19	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	36	15	11	8	66	19	15074
2018	Indigenous	29	31	17	13	9	60	23	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	38	15	11	7	67	18	13800
2017	Indigenous	27	35	15	11	11	63	22	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	38	15	11	8	65	19	15089

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	59	28	8	3	2	1	87	5	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	31	9	3	2	0	86	5	17942
2019	Indigenous	56	29	9	3	2	0	85	5	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	33	11	4	2	0	83	6	15017
2018	Indigenous	58	30	8	3	1	0	88	4	640
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	35	10	4	2	0	85	6	13717
2017	Indigenous	54	35	7	3	1	0	89	4	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	50	35	9	3	2	0	86	5	15073
2014	Indigenous	60	28	7	3	2	0	88	5	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	56	31	9	3	2	0	87	4	14533

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	32	8	5	3	84	8	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	36	10	5	3	82	8	18109
2019	Indigenous	47	32	11	6	4	80	10	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	38	11	6	4	78	10	15110
2018	Indigenous	45	34	11	6	4	79	10	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	40	12	6	3	78	10	13825
2017	Indigenous	41	39	10	6	4	80	10	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	38	40	12	6	4	78	10	15049
2014	Indigenous	39	37	11	8	4	76	13	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	34	41	13	7	5	76	12	14532

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	28	12	4	5	1	79	9	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	30	11	5	3	1	80	9	18027
2019	Indigenous	41	28	17	6	7	1	70	13	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	32	15	8	6	1	71	14	15070
2018	Indigenous	39	29	16	8	7	1	69	15	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	33	16	8	5	1	70	13	13809
2017	Indigenous	30	33	16	12	8	2	64	20	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	35	34	16	8	6	1	69	14	15079
2014	Indigenous	22	30	21	14	11	1	53	26	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	36	19	13	9	1	59	22	14545

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	31	10	6	4	1	80	10	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	33	11	6	3	0	80	9	17926
2019	Indigenous	39	32	13	8	7	0	72	15	679
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	35	14	8	5	0	72	14	15011
2018	Indigenous	37	32	15	9	7	0	69	16	639
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	36	16	8	5	0	71	13	13732
2017	Indigenous	30	36	16	11	6	0	66	17	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	34	37	15	8	5	0	71	14	15088
2014	Indigenous	20	35	18	16	10	0	56	26	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	38	19	13	8	0	60	21	14540

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	22	19	10	8	6	0	61	19	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	24	19	10	6	4	0	63	17	18086
2019	Indigenous	31	21	19	11	12	4	1	55	25	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	24	19	13	10	4	0	56	24	15113
2018	Indigenous	30	20	19	17	11	4	0	52	29	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	24	20	13	10	4	0	55	24	13827
2017	Indigenous	26	23	18	15	12	6	0	52	29	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	25	20	13	10	5	1	55	24	15090
2014	Indigenous	19	23	20	17	15	6	0	45	34	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	21	24	20	16	13	5	1	48	31	14537

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	19	19	5	4	3	8	69	10	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	24	16	5	3	2	9	73	9	18061
2019	Indigenous	43	21	16	6	6	1	7	70	13	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	25	17	5	4	2	8	71	10	15099

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	28	10	5	5	1	1	80	10	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	30	10	5	3	1	1	81	9	18075
2019	Indigenous	47	28	10	8	6	1	0	76	14	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	31	10	6	4	1	0	79	10	15059
2018	Indigenous	42	28	12	11	6	1	0	71	17	642
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	33	10	7	4	1	0	79	11	13753
2017	Indigenous	42	33	12	7	6	1	0	75	13	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	45	34	10	7	4	1	0	80	11	15083
2014	Indigenous	36	32	13	10	8	1	0	69	18	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	40	36	11	8	5	1	0	76	13	14540

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	58	22	11	5	3	1	0	81	8	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	26	9	5	3	0	1	84	7	18122
2019	Indigenous	55	25	10	5	5	0	0	80	10	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	28	9	6	4	0	0	81	10	15119
2018	Indigenous	48	25	14	7	6	1	0	73	13	644
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	29	11	6	5	0	0	78	11	13794
2017	Indigenous	51	24	11	8	6	0	0	75	14	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	51	28	10	6	4	0	0	80	10	15067
2014	Indigenous	41	32	10	8	8	0	1	74	16	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	45	31	11	7	5	0	0	76	12	14531

Senior management

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	44	21	14	6	3	13	0	74	10	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	26	12	4	3	11	1	78	9	18108
2019	Indigenous	37	27	13	7	7	8	0	70	15	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	31	15	7	5	8	0	70	13	15099
2018	Indigenous	36	24	16	8	7	9	0	65	17	649
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	31	16	7	5	9	0	68	14	13857
2017	Indigenous	30	26	15	9	8	11	0	64	19	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	31	15	8	5	10	0	69	14	15104
2014	Indigenous	23	28	18	12	8	10	1	57	23	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	24	32	17	9	7	11	0	63	18	14536

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	27	13	7	5	5	73	13	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	30	14	7	4	4	74	11	18063
2019	Indigenous	36	29	12	10	9	4	67	20	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	32	17	10	7	3	65	17	15062
2018	Indigenous	32	27	15	11	10	4	62	22	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	32	18	11	7	3	63	18	13812
2017	Indigenous	28	25	20	11	10	5	56	23	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	32	17	11	7	4	63	19	15098
2014	Indigenous	19	30	19	15	13	5	51	29	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	20	31	21	14	10	4	53	25	14537

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	26	15	11	6	8	65	19	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	31	17	10	5	8	66	16	18035
2019	Indigenous	25	26	17	15	10	7	55	26	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	30	20	13	8	7	56	22	15042
2018	Indigenous	23	29	16	14	12	7	55	28	648
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	30	21	14	8	7	54	23	13802
2017	Indigenous	21	25	18	14	11	11	52	28	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	30	19	13	8	9	55	24	15077
2014	Indigenous	13	27	18	22	14	6	42	39	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	27	23	17	11	8	44	31	14532

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	27	14	12	8	4	64	21	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	34	15	12	6	4	65	19	18098
2019	Indigenous	25	28	17	15	12	4	55	28	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	33	18	15	10	3	56	25	15091
2018	Indigenous	22	27	16	16	14	5	52	31	650
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	33	18	16	10	4	54	26	13843
2017	Indigenous	21	30	15	15	13	6	54	30	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	34	17	14	9	5	57	25	15077
2014	Indigenous	13	29	16	19	19	5	44	39	638
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	31	19	18	13	4	48	33	14530

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	33	16	10	5	1	0	69	15	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	35	15	10	5	0	1	69	15	18106
2019	Indigenous	31	34	13	13	9	0	0	66	22	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	36	16	12	8	0	0	64	21	15113
2018	Indigenous	27	28	18	13	13	0	0	55	26	648
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	35	17	12	9	0	0	61	22	13854
2017	Indigenous	27	30	16	15	11	0	0	57	26	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	36	16	13	9	0	0	61	23	15098
2014	Indigenous	16	38	16	17	13	0	0	54	30	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	35	19	16	11	0	0	54	27	14541

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	38	10	8	4	78	12	766
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	40	10	8	3	79	11	18007
2019	Indigenous	37	38	12	10	3	75	13	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	43	11	9	3	77	12	15038
2018	Indigenous	34	38	12	10	5	72	15	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	42	12	9	4	75	13	13856
2017	Indigenous	35	41	11	8	5	76	13	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	33	43	11	9	4	76	13	15093

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	29	10	8	5	1	0	77	13	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	12	7	4	1	1	78	11	18057
2019	Indigenous	45	25	12	10	6	1	0	71	17	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	32	12	8	5	1	1	75	13	15096
2018	Indigenous	35	34	12	11	7	1	0	69	18	648
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	35	12	8	5	1	0	75	13	13803
2017	Indigenous	38	35	11	9	6	1	0	74	15	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	38	37	11	8	5	1	1	75	13	15094
2014	Indigenous	33	33	15	9	8	1	1	67	18	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	34	37	13	9	6	1	0	72	15	14544

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	35	9	12	4	1	75	16	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	40	10	10	3	1	76	14	18016
2019	Indigenous	31	37	12	14	6	0	68	20	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	42	11	13	5	0	71	18	15073
2018	Indigenous	27	43	9	14	6	1	71	20	649
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	47	9	12	5	1	74	17	13868
2017	Indigenous	26	41	9	15	9	0	67	23	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	42	11	13	6	0	70	19	15096
2014	Indigenous	21	42	11	15	10	0	64	25	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	24	41	12	15	7	0	65	22	14535

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	53	21	13	5	4	2	2	77	10	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	24	12	5	4	2	2	78	9	18044

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	28	15	10	6	5	0	67	17	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	33	16	10	6	4	0	67	17	18046
2019	Indigenous	27	29	15	14	11	4	0	58	25	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	32	17	13	10	3	0	58	24	15077
2018	Indigenous	23	31	16	13	15	2	0	56	28	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	33	18	13	10	3	0	57	24	13830
2017	Indigenous	22	32	17	14	11	4	0	57	26	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	34	16	13	9	4	0	60	23	15082
2014	Indigenous	14	29	20	18	14	4	1	45	34	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	32	18	16	12	3	1	52	29	14544

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	25	14	12	12	5	1	61	25	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	29	14	11	10	4	2	62	23	18108
2019	Indigenous	26	27	14	10	18	3	1	55	30	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	28	15	14	15	3	2	54	30	15111
2018	Indigenous	22	26	16	15	17	2	1	50	34	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	29	16	15	15	2	2	53	31	13832
2017	Indigenous	20	25	14	18	19	3	1	47	38	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	28	14	15	16	3	2	52	33	15086
2014	Indigenous	12	20	14	24	27	2	2	33	53	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	23	16	18	23	3	2	39	44	14541

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	26	13	6	5	1	3	75	11	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	22	13	5	4	1	4	77	10	18113
2019	Indigenous	43	25	14	8	6	0	4	71	15	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	23	14	5	4	1	4	76	10	15091

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	23	14	6	4	2	3	75	11	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	23	13	6	4	2	4	76	11	18096
2019	Indigenous	47	21	15	7	5	2	4	72	13	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	23	17	7	5	2	4	69	13	15079

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	74	9	5	3	2	4	4	89	6	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	8	4	2	2	4	4	91	4	18034
2019	Indigenous	68	10	6	3	4	4	4	85	8	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	9	5	2	3	4	5	89	6	15042

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	70	11	6	2	2	2	7	89	5	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	72	11	5	2	2	2	7	91	4	18078
2019	Indigenous	71	7	6	2	3	3	8	87	6	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	8	4	2	2	3	9	91	4	15057

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	29	16	13	7	0	1	64	20	766
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	33	16	12	7	1	1	64	19	18014
2019	Indigenous	27	34	16	13	10	0	0	61	23	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	35	16	13	9	0	0	62	22	15031
2018	Indigenous	24	30	16	16	13	0	0	55	29	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	36	17	14	9	0	0	60	23	13785
2017	Indigenous	25	34	14	14	12	0	1	60	26	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	36	15	14	9	0	1	62	23	15043
2014	Indigenous	16	34	14	19	16	0	1	51	35	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	17	37	16	16	13	0	1	54	30	14542

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	29	17	9	6	1	68	15	767
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	31	17	10	6	1	66	17	18070
2019	Indigenous	33	30	17	10	9	1	63	19	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	33	17	12	8	0	63	20	15083
2018	Indigenous	31	26	17	14	11	0	58	25	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	33	18	12	8	1	61	21	13766
2017	Indigenous	27	33	16	13	10	0	61	23	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	33	17	12	8	1	62	21	15053
2014	Indigenous	23	32	17	14	13	1	56	27	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	34	18	14	11	1	57	24	14544

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	35	11	8	4	0	77	12	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	40	11	7	3	0	78	10	17965
2019	Indigenous	37	36	13	10	4	0	73	14	677
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	41	13	9	4	0	74	13	14936
2018	Indigenous	34	33	13	13	8	0	67	20	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	39	15	10	5	0	70	15	13777
2017	Indigenous	31	38	12	11	7	1	69	18	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	40	13	10	5	0	71	15	15057
2014	Indigenous	24	37	14	13	11	0	62	24	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	25	39	16	12	7	0	65	19	14538

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	35	17	10	5	6	1	66	16	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	38	19	10	4	6	1	65	15	18058
2019	Indigenous	21	38	17	13	7	4	0	62	20	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	38	21	12	6	5	1	59	19	15087
2018	Indigenous	20	29	23	13	11	4	0	51	25	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	34	23	11	8	5	0	56	20	13849
2017	Indigenous	20	30	20	13	8	7	1	54	23	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	34	21	12	7	6	1	57	21	15076

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	27	11	7	4	0	1	79	10	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	31	10	7	3	0	0	79	11	18050
2019	Indigenous	46	30	10	8	6	0	0	75	14	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	32	11	8	5	0	0	76	13	15091
2018	Indigenous	39	32	12	11	5	1	0	72	16	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	35	11	8	5	0	1	76	13	13832
2017	Indigenous	39	32	10	8	9	1	0	72	18	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	41	34	11	8	6	0	1	75	14	15088
2014	Indigenous	30	33	12	14	11	0	0	63	25	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	33	35	14	10	8	0	1	68	18	14535

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	29	16	7	5	1	2	72	12	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	31	16	6	4	1	1	73	10	18008
2019	Indigenous	42	28	18	7	3	0	1	70	11	678
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	30	16	6	4	0	2	74	10	15000
2018	Indigenous	40	28	18	7	7	0	1	68	13	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	30	16	6	4	0	2	73	10	13884
2017	Indigenous	42	30	13	7	5	1	2	74	12	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	43	32	14	6	3	0	3	77	9	15106
2014	Indigenous	39	29	17	7	5	0	4	71	12	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	42	32	15	6	4	0	1	75	10	14546

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Flexible work hours mean that an employee is able to vary the start and end times of their workday.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	64	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	18117

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	14	10	3	5	7	18	76	10	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	16	11	3	3	8	18	78	8	18100

Mobility and retention

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	34	38	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	38	36	18133
2019	Indigenous	32	31	37	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	33	36	15146
2018	Indigenous	34	33	34	649
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	34	36	13897
2017	Indigenous	30	34	35	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	29	36	35	15100
2014	Indigenous	30	34	36	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	29	35	36	14545

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	43	33	3	6	4	211
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	46	31	3	4	5	4727
2019	Indigenous	13	31	35	5	11	5	214
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	37	37	5	4	6	4705
2018	Indigenous	11	33	36	6	7	7	216
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	36	36	5	5	6	4157
2017	Indigenous	15	33	33	6	6	6	191
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	34	33	6	7	6	4339
2014	Indigenous	13	28	32	16	9999	11	193
2014	Non-Indigenous	16	30	36	8	9999	9	4306

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	56	30	7	4	2	0	86	7	765
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	36	8	4	2	0	87	6	18018
2019	Indigenous	48	36	9	4	3	0	84	7	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	39	9	5	2	0	84	7	15032
2018	Indigenous	46	35	11	6	1	0	82	7	648
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	41	8	4	2	0	86	5	13838
2017	Indigenous	45	38	9	5	2	0	84	8	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	42	41	9	5	3	0	83	7	15080
2014	Indigenous	37	42	12	4	4	1	80	8	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	37	42	12	5	3	0	79	9	14539

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	38	12	5	3	2	1	79	9	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	42	15	6	2	2	0	77	8	18093
2019	Indigenous	32	41	15	8	3	1	0	74	11	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	44	17	8	3	1	0	72	11	15103
2018	Indigenous	31	37	17	10	4	0	0	69	14	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	45	17	8	3	1	0	72	11	13823
2017	Indigenous	31	38	17	8	5	1	0	70	13	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	44	16	8	3	2	0	73	11	15086
2014	Indigenous	23	40	20	8	7	2	0	64	16	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	43	18	9	5	2	0	68	14	14541

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	21	31	18	12	2	1	31	36	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	25	33	18	10	1	2	29	38	18080
2019	Indigenous	10	26	33	16	11	1	2	28	37	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	23	35	20	9	1	2	30	34	15098
2018	Indigenous	12	24	35	18	7	1	2	26	38	643
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	25	33	19	9	1	2	29	37	13834
2017	Indigenous	12	22	32	20	10	1	3	31	35	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	10	22	34	18	10	2	5	30	34	15047
2014	Indigenous	16	30	31	13	7	1	2	21	48	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	29	34	15	7	1	2	22	42	14521

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	13	21	28	25	4	2	57	21	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	13	24	29	22	4	3	55	20	17989
2019	Indigenous	8	16	29	23	20	2	3	45	25	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	16	27	26	17	3	2	46	25	15041
2018	Indigenous	12	17	27	24	14	3	3	41	30	639
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	17	28	25	15	3	2	43	27	13779
2017	Indigenous	10	19	27	20	18	3	3	41	30	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	8	16	27	22	16	4	6	43	27	14996
2014	Indigenous	15	24	30	19	8	3	2	28	41	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	23	31	18	10	3	3	29	39	14509

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	16	28	21	16	4	3	40	30	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	18	27	20	14	4	5	37	33	18015
2019	Indigenous	15	19	30	19	12	2	4	33	35	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	22	28	18	11	3	4	32	38	15057
2018	Indigenous	18	17	28	19	11	3	5	32	38	637
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	22	28	18	10	3	4	30	40	13791
2017	Indigenous	15	22	23	17	14	3	7	34	40	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	14	20	27	16	11	3	8	30	39	15009
2014	Indigenous	20	23	27	13	8	3	6	23	47	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	25	27	14	8	3	6	23	48	14507

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	13	27	25	22	2	4	49	22	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	14	28	26	19	2	4	48	23	17983
2019	Indigenous	8	16	28	26	17	1	4	45	26	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	15	29	25	16	1	4	44	25	15011
2018	Indigenous	10	15	28	23	17	2	5	43	27	638
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	16	30	24	15	1	4	41	27	13749
2017	Indigenous	11	14	29	21	16	1	8	41	27	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	9	16	29	23	15	2	7	41	27	14962
2014	Indigenous	12	19	29	21	11	2	7	35	34	638
2014	Non-Indigenous	10	19	32	22	11	1	5	35	31	14481

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	15	24	23	22	4	5	49	25	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	15	25	24	21	2	4	49	25	18026
2019	Indigenous	14	21	24	18	18	2	4	37	37	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	19	27	21	16	2	4	39	32	15060
2018	Indigenous	19	19	27	17	13	2	4	31	40	641
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	21	27	20	14	2	4	36	36	13792
2017	Indigenous	16	21	24	17	15	2	5	35	39	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	19	26	18	15	2	7	36	35	15021
2014	Indigenous	25	26	25	12	7	1	4	20	54	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	21	25	26	14	9	1	4	24	48	14517

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	13	20	24	22	10	4	54	23	763
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	13	22	24	21	8	4	51	23	17975
2019	Indigenous	13	18	22	21	18	4	4	42	34	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	19	26	22	15	4	3	40	32	15023
2018	Indigenous	16	19	25	19	12	4	4	34	39	639
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	20	27	20	13	3	3	36	36	13748
2017	Indigenous	13	21	25	17	16	3	5	36	37	638
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	19	26	19	14	5	6	36	35	15026
2014	Indigenous	14	17	26	21	13	4	6	37	34	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	12	18	26	23	12	4	6	38	33	14501

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	19	28	18	15	4	3	35	35	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	20	32	18	13	3	3	33	34	18014
2019	Indigenous	15	22	30	16	12	2	3	30	39	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	23	31	16	10	2	2	27	40	15059
2018	Indigenous	17	23	29	16	9	4	2	26	43	643
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	24	31	14	9	2	2	24	43	13832
2017	Indigenous	18	24	26	14	10	3	4	26	46	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	15	23	31	13	9	3	5	24	42	15032
2014	Indigenous	21	23	30	12	7	3	4	20	48	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	26	31	12	7	3	4	20	46	14510

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	22	33	23	11	1	1	35	32	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	17	37	24	13	1	1	37	24	18068
2019	Indigenous	13	23	33	19	11	1	1	31	36	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	21	35	21	10	1	2	32	32	15089

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	32	17	12	6	4	1	65	18	765
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	39	17	12	5	3	0	66	17	17972
2019	Indigenous	21	33	20	15	9	3	0	55	25	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	36	21	16	8	3	0	54	25	15035

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	26	9	7	4	2	1	79	12	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	26	8	6	3	2	0	82	9	18068
2019	Indigenous	46	28	11	7	8	1	0	74	15	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	29	9	8	5	1	0	78	13	15059
2018	Indigenous	38	29	10	11	11	1	0	68	22	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	32	9	9	6	1	0	76	15	13770
2017	Indigenous	40	30	9	9	9	2	0	72	18	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	46	30	8	8	6	1	0	77	14	15090
2014	Indigenous	40	28	8	12	10	2	0	69	23	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	43	30	9	9	6	1	0	75	16	14536

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	57	28	7	4	2	1	1	87	6	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	29	5	4	2	1	0	89	6	18010
2019	Indigenous	49	30	7	10	4	0	0	79	14	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	33	7	7	3	0	0	84	9	15056
2018	Indigenous	44	34	8	8	4	0	0	79	12	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	37	7	6	3	0	0	84	8	13780
2017	Indigenous	40	39	7	9	5	0	0	79	14	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	44	39	7	6	3	0	0	84	9	15078
2014	Indigenous	36	40	8	9	6	1	0	77	15	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	39	42	9	7	3	0	0	82	10	14538

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	27	13	4	3	3	2	78	8	767
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	33	12	4	2	3	1	82	6	17957
2019	Indigenous	40	31	15	7	4	3	1	74	11	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	36	14	5	3	2	1	78	8	15096
2018	Indigenous	34	37	14	7	4	2	1	73	12	649
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	39	15	5	3	2	1	77	8	13818

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	29	10	6	3	2	80	10	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	36	11	6	3	2	81	8	18004
2019	Indigenous	41	32	12	9	5	2	74	14	681
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	38	12	7	4	2	77	10	15043
2018	Indigenous	45	32	12	6	5	1	77	11	644
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	37	11	5	3	1	82	7	13810
2017	Indigenous	37	38	12	7	4	3	77	11	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	41	39	10	5	2	2	82	7	15072
2014	Indigenous	33	34	15	8	7	3	69	15	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	38	38	13	5	3	3	78	9	14538

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	28	11	5	3	4	0	80	8	765
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	33	12	4	2	4	1	82	6	18034
2019	Indigenous	47	28	13	5	4	3	0	77	10	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	35	12	4	2	3	1	82	6	15058
2018	Indigenous	46	30	14	5	4	2	0	77	9	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	36	12	3	2	2	0	82	6	13811
2017	Indigenous	39	30	15	7	4	4	1	73	11	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	41	36	13	3	3	4	1	80	6	15073
2014	Indigenous	34	33	16	5	6	5	1	72	11	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	39	35	14	4	3	5	1	79	7	14529

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	58	28	6	3	3	87	7	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	30	7	3	2	89	5	18058
2019	Indigenous	50	31	9	6	4	81	10	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	34	9	4	3	84	7	15094
2018	Indigenous	49	30	11	6	4	79	10	643
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	36	9	4	3	84	7	13797
2017	Indigenous	42	37	9	8	3	79	11	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	47	37	8	4	3	85	7	15107
2014	Indigenous	37	38	11	7	7	75	14	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	42	38	11	6	3	80	9	14531

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	20	12	4	5	7	2	76	11	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	22	12	4	4	7	4	79	8	18088

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.
Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism.

Anti-racism is an active and consistent process of change to eliminate individual, institutional and systemic racism.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	26	14	4	3	6	1	77	8	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	31	15	4	2	7	1	77	7	18103

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	25	10	6	4	4	1	79	10	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	10	5	3	4	2	81	8	18022

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	4	27	15	39	8	0	13	58	26
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	6	25	14	38	15	1	9	61	304

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	24	18	8	4	9	5	64	14	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	28	18	6	4	9	6	67	12	18087
2019	Indigenous	28	24	18	12	9	5	5	58	23	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	29	16	9	7	7	4	64	18	15086
2018	Indigenous	22	29	18	12	11	4	4	55	25	648
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	31	20	9	7	7	4	60	18	13808
2017	Indigenous	23	31	16	10	11	6	4	59	23	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	30	15	10	7	6	5	64	19	15093
2014	Indigenous	26	26	15	13	12	5	4	57	27	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	27	31	16	10	7	5	4	63	19	14540

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	32	10	8	4	2	0	77	12	767
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	37	12	7	3	3	1	78	10	18061
2019	Indigenous	39	32	12	8	6	2	0	73	14	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	38	13	8	4	2	1	74	12	15086
2018	Indigenous	37	35	12	7	6	2	1	74	14	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	39	13	8	4	2	1	75	12	13820
2017	Indigenous	38	36	9	8	5	3	1	76	14	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	37	38	11	7	4	3	1	77	11	15073
2014	Indigenous	34	38	11	8	5	3	1	75	14	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	37	40	10	7	3	3	1	79	10	14541

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	31	12	5	4	2	79	9	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	36	14	4	2	2	79	6	18033
2019	Indigenous	38	32	16	7	5	1	72	12	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	38	16	6	3	1	74	9	15065
2018	Indigenous	35	34	16	8	6	1	69	15	644
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	39	17	6	4	1	73	10	13778

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	20	16	11	12	9	2	56	25	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	25	18	10	8	10	2	59	21	18057
2019	Indigenous	23	21	18	14	14	9	2	49	31	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	24	19	13	11	9	2	51	27	15092
2018	Indigenous	21	21	17	15	16	8	2	46	35	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	25	20	13	12	9	2	49	28	13820
2017	Indigenous	20	21	18	14	17	9	1	46	35	637
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	24	17	14	12	11	3	50	30	15068
2014	Indigenous	17	20	17	16	19	9	2	41	39	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	16	24	18	15	15	10	2	45	34	14540

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	40	4	8	2	0	0	86	10	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	42	3	7	2	0	0	88	9	18116

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	54	31	5	7	3	0	86	9	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	36	7	7	2	1	84	9	18088
2019	Indigenous	42	36	7	10	5	0	78	16	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	36	7	11	5	0	77	16	15106
2017	Indigenous	38	34	7	11	10	0	72	21	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	38	35	7	12	7	0	74	19	15104
2014	Indigenous	34	33	7	15	11	0	67	26	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	36	36	8	12	8	0	72	20	14533

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	54	30	6	8	2	1	84	9	765
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	35	8	6	2	0	84	8	17970
2019	Indigenous	46	32	10	8	4	0	79	12	681
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	37	9	7	3	0	81	10	15010
2017	Indigenous	44	34	10	10	3	0	77	13	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	44	38	8	7	3	0	82	10	15068
2014	Indigenous	33	40	8	12	6	0	73	18	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	37	40	10	9	4	0	77	13	14528

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	85	10	2	1	0	0	1	96	2	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	81	14	2	1	1	0	0	96	2	18030
2017	Indigenous	70	22	2	2	1	1	1	94	3	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	73	20	3	2	1	0	1	94	3	15080
2014	Indigenous	67	21	5	3	2	1	2	90	5	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	69	23	4	3	1	0	1	93	4	14539

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	16	10	4	4	20	4	76	11	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	17	9	4	4	16	5	79	10	18108
2019	Indigenous	39	16	9	7	7	18	5	70	18	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	17	10	5	6	16	5	74	14	15121

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	18125
2019	Indigenous	19	81	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	15114
2018	Indigenous	19	81	648
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	13881

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	57	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	1574
2019	Indigenous	61	39	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	50	1916
2018	Indigenous	47	53	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1805

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	58	42	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	40	1574
2019	Indigenous	58	42	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	44	1916
2018	Indigenous	65	35	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	43	1805

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1574
2019	Indigenous	6	94	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1916
2018	Indigenous	4	96	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1805

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1574
2019	Indigenous	8	92	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1916

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1574
2019	Indigenous	14	86	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1916
2018	Indigenous	15	85	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1805

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1574
2018	Indigenous	5	95	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1805

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	61	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	61	1574
2019	Indigenous	44	56	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	61	1888
2018	Indigenous	42	58	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	58	1806

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	63	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	62	1574
2019	Indigenous	46	54	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	1888
2018	Indigenous	41	59	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	62	1806

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	45	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	56	1574
2019	Indigenous	54	46	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1888
2018	Indigenous	59	41	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	58	1806

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	64	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1574
2019	Indigenous	37	63	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	1888
2018	Indigenous	43	57	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	61	1806

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	71	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	71	1574
2019	Indigenous	31	69	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	1888
2018	Indigenous	33	67	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1806

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	56	44	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	46	1574
2019	Indigenous	62	38	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	46	1888
2018	Indigenous	60	40	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	44	1806

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	62	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	66	1574
2019	Indigenous	35	65	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	66	1888
2018	Indigenous	34	66	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	65	1806

Question 57h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	4	96	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	1	99	1806

Question 57i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1574
2019	Indigenous	10	90	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1888
2018	Indigenous	7	93	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1806

Question 57j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1574
2019	Indigenous	11	89	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1888
2018	Indigenous	12	88	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1806

Question 57k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	60	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1574
2019	Indigenous	45	55	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	1888
2018	Indigenous	48	52	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1806

Question 57l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	76	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	1574
2019	Indigenous	18	82	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1888
2018	Indigenous	25	75	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1806

Question 57m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1574
2019	Indigenous	16	84	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1888
2018	Indigenous	25	75	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1806

Question 58a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	48	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	49	1574
2019	Indigenous	53	47	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	47	1874
2018	Indigenous	48	52	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	47	1804

Question 58b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	61	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1574
2019	Indigenous	26	74	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1874
2018	Indigenous	34	66	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1804

Question 58c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	8	92	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1874
2018	Indigenous	8	92	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1804

Question 58d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	74	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	1574
2019	Indigenous	22	78	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1874
2018	Indigenous	28	72	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1804

Question 58e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1574
2019	Indigenous	10	90	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1874
2018	Indigenous	11	89	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1804

Question 58f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1574
2019	Indigenous	8	92	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1874
2018	Indigenous	14	86	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1804

Question 58g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1574
2019	Indigenous	14	86	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1874
2018	Indigenous	11	89	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1804

Question 58h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1574
2019	Indigenous	11	89	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1874
2018	Indigenous	13	87	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1804

Question 58i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	81	96
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1574
2019	Indigenous	30	70	133
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1874
2018	Indigenous	24	76	122
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1804

Question 59a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1455
2019	Indigenous	19	81	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1758
2018	Indigenous	13	87	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1700

Question 59b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1455
2019	Indigenous	20	80	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1758
2018	Indigenous	19	81	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	1700

Question 59c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1455
2019	Indigenous	14	86	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1758
2018	Indigenous	7	93	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1700

Question 59d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	8	92	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1758
2018	Indigenous	5	95	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1700

Question 59e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1455
2019	Indigenous	12	88	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1758
2018	Indigenous	9	91	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1700

Question 59f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1455
2019	Indigenous	11	89	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1758
2018	Indigenous	9	91	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1700

Question 59g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1455
2019	Indigenous	8	92	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1758
2018	Indigenous	11	89	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1700

Question 59h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1455
2019	Indigenous	11	89	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1758
2018	Indigenous	11	89	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1700

Question 59i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1455
2019	Indigenous	12	88	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1758
2018	Indigenous	10	90	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1700

Question 59j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	72	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1455
2019	Indigenous	23	77	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1758
2018	Indigenous	27	73	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1700

Question 59k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1455
2019	Indigenous	6	94	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1758
2018	Indigenous	10	90	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1700

Question 59l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	52	1455
2019	Indigenous	41	59	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1758
2018	Indigenous	51	49	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	1700

Question 59n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	55	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	47	1455
2019	Indigenous	47	53	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	49	1758
2018	Indigenous	48	52	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	49	1700

Question 59o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1455
2018	Indigenous	5	95	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1700

Question 59p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	82	91
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1455
2019	Indigenous	13	87	122
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1758
2018	Indigenous	20	80	105
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1700

Question 60. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	13	18	6	7	26	6	55	18	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	15	15	5	4	31	8	60	14	18087
2019	Indigenous	20	16	18	8	9	21	7	51	24	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	16	19	7	6	27	8	51	20	15122
2018	Indigenous	16	15	25	7	10	21	7	43	23	643
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	17	22	6	6	27	7	50	18	13842
2017	Indigenous	16	14	18	8	10	27	7	45	28	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	16	16	18	6	6	28	10	51	20	15104
2014	Indigenous	13	15	21	8	10	27	7	42	27	639
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	16	20	6	6	30	9	48	20	14542

Question 61. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	23	14	6	5	9	1	73	11	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	28	14	4	3	10	1	76	8	18084
2019	Indigenous	38	24	15	7	7	8	1	68	16	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	30	16	5	4	8	1	72	11	15130
2018	Indigenous	29	26	20	8	8	7	1	60	17	643
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	32	18	6	4	9	1	69	11	13849
2017	Indigenous	29	24	19	8	8	12	0	60	19	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	30	30	17	6	5	12	2	69	12	15070
2014	Indigenous	22	23	21	8	9	16	1	54	20	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	29	20	6	5	16	1	63	13	14542

Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction, which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 62. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	18094
2019	Indigenous	10	90	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	15105
2018	Indigenous	11	89	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	13845

Question 63a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	68	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1051
2019	Indigenous	47	53	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	67	1077
2018	Indigenous	37	63	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	64	929

Question 63b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	84	16	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	21	1051
2019	Indigenous	78	22	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	25	1077
2018	Indigenous	77	23	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	76	24	929

Question 63c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	7	93	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1077

Question 63e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1051

Question 63f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1051
2019	Indigenous	13	87	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1077
2018	Indigenous	10	90	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	929

Question 63g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1051

Question 64a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	63	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	71	1051
2019	Indigenous	34	66	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1052
2018	Indigenous	38	62	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	926

Question 64b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	82	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	1051
2019	Indigenous	20	80	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1052
2018	Indigenous	18	82	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	80	926

Question 64c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	10	90	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1052

Question 64e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	78	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1051
2019	Indigenous	29	71	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1052
2018	Indigenous	30	70	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	926

Question 64f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	81	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	82	1051
2019	Indigenous	16	84	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1052
2018	Indigenous	9	91	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	78	926

Question 64g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1051
2019	Indigenous	11	89	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1052
2018	Indigenous	7	93	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	926

Question 64h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	1	99	1051

Question 64i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	11	89	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1052

Question 64j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	78	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1051
2019	Indigenous	16	84	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	82	1052
2018	Indigenous	12	88	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	82	926

Question 64k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	100	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	1	99	1051

Question 64l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	69	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	1051
2019	Indigenous	34	66	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1052
2018	Indigenous	36	64	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	78	926

Question 64m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	0	100	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	0	100	926

Question 64n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	81	1051
2019	Indigenous	19	81	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	81	1052
2018	Indigenous	15	85	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	82	926

Question 65a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	67	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1051
2019	Indigenous	33	67	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1042
2018	Indigenous	41	59	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	68	930

Question 65b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	77	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1051
2019	Indigenous	11	89	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1042
2018	Indigenous	31	69	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	930

Question 65c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	7	93	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1042

Question 65d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	75	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1051
2019	Indigenous	20	80	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1042
2018	Indigenous	26	74	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	930

Question 65e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1051

Question 65f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1051
2019	Indigenous	9	91	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1042
2018	Indigenous	13	87	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	930

Question 65g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	9	91	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1042
2018	Indigenous	10	90	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	930

Question 65h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1051
2019	Indigenous	14	86	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1042
2018	Indigenous	13	87	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	930

Question 65i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	44	56	73
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1051
2019	Indigenous	46	54	67
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	52	1042
2018	Indigenous	30	70	68
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	54	930

Question 66a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	987

Question 66b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	23	77	54
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	82	923
2018	Indigenous	9	91	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	874

Question 66e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	987

Question 66g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	987
2018	Indigenous	9	91	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	874

Question 66h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	987
2019	Indigenous	24	76	54
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	923
2018	Indigenous	15	85	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	874

Question 66i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	987
2019	Indigenous	11	89	54
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	923
2018	Indigenous	19	81	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	874

Question 66j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	73	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	987
2019	Indigenous	34	66	54
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	923
2018	Indigenous	34	66	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	874

Question 66k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	987
2018	Indigenous	13	87	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	874

Question 66l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	56	987
2019	Indigenous	50	50	54
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	923
2018	Indigenous	58	42	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	55	874

Question 66m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	100	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	98	987
2018	Indigenous	0	100	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	1	99	874

Question 66n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	52	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	43	987
2019	Indigenous	68	32	54
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	40	923
2018	Indigenous	54	46	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	60	40	874

Question 66o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	12	88	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	874

Question 66p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	64
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	987
2018	Indigenous	15	85	59
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	874

Question 67. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	14	19	4	5	28	5	60	13	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	15	16	3	2	34	7	64	9	18055
2019	Indigenous	24	14	22	3	6	25	6	56	13	687
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	15	20	4	4	30	8	56	12	15099
2018	Indigenous	17	16	27	4	6	23	6	47	14	649
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	17	22	3	3	30	6	55	10	13851
2017	Indigenous	17	15	21	5	6	30	7	49	17	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	17	17	19	3	3	33	9	58	10	15099
2014	Indigenous	13	16	22	4	6	33	7	48	15	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	14	16	20	3	3	36	9	53	10	14535

Question 68. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	44	24	14	5	4	9	1	75	10	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	28	14	3	2	11	1	77	6	18089
2019	Indigenous	44	23	14	4	5	9	1	74	10	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	28	16	4	3	10	1	74	7	15092
2018	Indigenous	34	27	20	4	6	7	2	66	12	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	31	19	3	3	10	1	72	7	13869
2017	Indigenous	30	27	18	6	5	12	2	66	13	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	33	31	15	3	3	13	2	75	7	15080
2014	Indigenous	23	25	21	5	5	19	3	61	12	640
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	29	18	3	3	19	2	70	7	14531

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 87. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, did you have workplace accommodation measures in place before the COVID-19 pandemic which are no longer being met?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	18002

Question 88. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	81	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	18040
2019	Indigenous	29	71	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	78	15121
2017	Indigenous	33	67	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	78	15086
2014	Indigenous	26	74	636
2014	Non-Indigenous	19	81	14508

Question 89. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?
A disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society.

A barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	58	42	147
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	2986

Question 90. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	80	20	146
2020	Non-Indigenous	80	20	2983
2019	Indigenous	80	20	200
2019	Non-Indigenous	84	16	3294
2017	Indigenous	83	17	207
2017	Non-Indigenous	80	20	3266
2014	Indigenous	76	24	162
2014	Non-Indigenous	77	23	2802

Question 91. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	27	3	11	3	0	82	14	117
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	33	7	7	3	0	84	9	2389
2019	Indigenous	48	32	4	9	5	1	81	14	153
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	33	6	10	4	0	81	13	2714
2017	Indigenous	40	39	4	10	8	0	79	17	171
2017	Non-Indigenous	45	35	6	9	4	1	81	13	2624
2014	Indigenous	36	38	7	15	4	0	74	19	122
2014	Non-Indigenous	45	34	6	9	5	0	80	14	2157

Question 92. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	28	9	4	3	3	1	83	8	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	31	8	5	2	2	2	85	7	18101

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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 75. I believe senior managers in my department or agency take adequate steps to support the mental health of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	29	13	9	5	3	0	72	14	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	32	14	9	4	4	0	71	14	18040

Question 79a. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Clear and easy to understand.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	36	10	10	2	1	0	78	12	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	41	10	8	2	1	0	79	11	18110

Question 79b. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Provided in a timely manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	32	12	11	4	1	0	73	15	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	37	13	10	4	1	0	74	14	18019

Question 79c. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Relevant to the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	34	17	5	2	1	1	76	7	767
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	38	16	5	2	1	1	76	7	17951

Question 79d. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Consistent with the information provided to me by my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	29	16	3	2	2	1	79	5	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	35	13	4	1	2	2	81	5	18044

Question 79e. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Available in both official languages.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	68	15	6	1	1	8	2	92	2	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	67	18	5	1	0	6	3	93	1	18078

Question 80. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, my department or agency has clearly communicated the mental health services and resources that are available to me.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	58	29	6	3	2	1	0	88	5	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	34	8	3	1	2	0	88	4	18041

Question 81. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	27	8	8	5	1	0	79	13	767
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	29	9	7	4	1	0	81	10	18033

Question 82. I am satisfied with the measures my department or agency is taking to protect my physical health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	56	27	9	4	3	1	1	84	7	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	28	8	5	2	1	1	85	7	18076

Question 85. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you managed any employees who have been working remotely? (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	97	3	110
2020	Non-Indigenous	98	2	2881

Question 86. My department or agency has provided me with adequate training and/or resources to manage a remote team during the COVID-19 pandemic. (for supervisors who manage employees who have been working remotely)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	31	20	15	7	1	1	57	22	108
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	38	17	16	7	0	1	60	23	2822

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 74. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	37	7	6	2	1	84	8	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	39	11	5	2	1	82	7	18065
2019	Indigenous	37	37	12	8	5	2	75	13	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	41	13	7	4	2	75	11	15074
2018	Indigenous	32	34	17	10	5	2	68	15	644
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	41	14	7	4	2	74	11	13851
2017	Indigenous	29	35	14	11	8	3	67	19	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	41	14	8	5	3	72	14	15091

Question 76. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	24	11	12	9	1	1	67	21	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	28	11	11	7	2	1	70	19	18047

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	24	14	4	3	4	0	78	7	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	27	12	4	3	4	1	80	7	18009

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	32	15	9	6	2	70	15	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	33	15	8	5	2	71	13	18094
2019	Indigenous	24	37	15	14	10	1	62	23	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	36	17	13	9	1	61	23	15112
2018	Indigenous	24	31	19	13	10	2	57	24	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	37	17	13	8	2	61	22	13860
2017	Indigenous	16	35	16	18	12	2	53	31	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	39	17	14	9	2	59	24	15091

Question 84. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	53	9	4	4	0	0	83	8	110
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	49	11	10	2	1	0	76	13	2881
2019	Indigenous	25	53	8	12	2	1	0	78	14	111
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	48	13	12	3	1	1	71	16	2494

Work-related stress

Question 70a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Risk of exposure to COVID-19
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	22	15	13	13	0	1	59	26	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	22	15	9	11	0	2	64	21	18105

Question 70b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	22	22	11	12	1	1	55	23	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	27	21	12	11	0	1	55	23	18075
2019	Indigenous	16	21	21	17	24	0	1	37	41	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	23	21	15	21	0	1	42	37	15138
2018	Indigenous	15	22	19	17	26	0	1	38	43	644
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	22	21	16	23	0	2	38	40	13867
2017	Indigenous	19	22	17	17	24	0	2	42	41	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	22	19	16	22	0	2	41	39	15076

Question 70c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	25	25	14	9	1	52	23	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	26	25	15	11	1	48	26	18092
2019	Indigenous	23	24	24	17	10	1	48	27	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	27	26	15	11	1	47	26	15120
2018	Indigenous	21	23	26	16	13	1	44	30	643
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	25	29	17	11	1	42	28	13844
2017	Indigenous	21	24	24	17	12	2	46	29	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	18	25	27	16	12	2	44	28	15078

Question 70d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	25	19	10	8	1	3	61	19	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	26	20	12	8	1	3	59	20	18052
2019	Indigenous	30	27	19	11	8	1	4	60	20	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	27	21	12	8	1	3	57	21	15042
2018	Indigenous	25	26	20	14	10	0	4	54	25	641
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	26	24	14	10	1	3	51	24	13798
2017	Indigenous	25	27	21	11	10	1	5	55	22	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	26	22	13	10	1	5	53	24	15049

Question 70e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	23	21	12	9	3	2	56	22	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	25	20	12	9	2	2	56	23	18012
2019	Indigenous	23	23	21	16	14	1	2	47	31	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	25	22	15	13	1	2	48	29	15048
2018	Indigenous	19	19	22	17	19	1	2	39	38	643
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	23	24	17	13	1	2	45	30	13803
2017	Indigenous	19	23	21	18	15	2	2	44	34	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	24	22	15	13	1	3	48	29	15079

Question 70f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	57	18	10	4	4	1	6	80	9	766
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	21	11	5	4	1	5	78	9	18021
2019	Indigenous	58	17	9	4	3	1	9	82	8	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	20	9	4	3	1	8	83	7	15057
2018	Indigenous	55	18	12	3	4	1	8	79	8	640
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	22	11	4	3	1	8	80	8	13820
2017	Indigenous	51	19	11	4	3	1	12	80	8	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	48	21	11	4	3	1	12	79	8	15061

Question 70g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	27	18	12	9	1	61	21	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	27	20	10	9	1	61	19	18069
2019	Indigenous	29	31	20	9	10	1	61	19	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	29	19	10	8	1	63	18	15101
2018	Indigenous	32	22	21	13	10	1	54	24	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	27	22	11	9	1	57	21	13857
2017	Indigenous	24	31	25	12	8	1	55	20	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	29	22	11	8	1	58	20	15051

Question 70h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and caregiving responsibilities (e.g., children, elderly, family member(s)) during the COVID-19 pandemic
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	25	18	9	8	0	5	63	18	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	23	18	10	9	0	6	61	20	18063

Question 70i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	26	18	8	4	2	1	69	13	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	32	19	8	5	1	2	68	13	18039
2019	Indigenous	33	29	19	10	7	0	2	64	17	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	21	10	6	1	2	63	16	15073
2018	Indigenous	25	29	24	11	8	1	2	56	19	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	32	25	10	6	1	2	58	17	13818
2017	Indigenous	24	33	21	12	6	1	3	59	19	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	31	21	11	6	1	2	60	18	15046

Question 70j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	29	20	13	8	1	1	58	21	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	29	22	13	8	1	1	56	21	18038
2019	Indigenous	26	29	23	12	8	0	2	56	21	683
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	32	22	12	7	1	1	59	19	15064
2018	Indigenous	22	30	26	11	8	1	1	54	20	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	31	24	13	7	1	2	54	21	13829
2017	Indigenous	21	32	21	14	8	1	3	56	22	638
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	30	23	12	7	1	2	56	20	15036

Question 70k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	29	18	10	7	1	1	64	17	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	30	19	10	6	1	1	64	17	18042
2019	Indigenous	33	29	16	11	9	0	2	64	20	680
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	31	19	10	6	1	1	64	17	15043
2018	Indigenous	31	26	21	10	9	0	1	58	20	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	31	22	11	6	0	2	60	18	13817
2017	Indigenous	32	27	20	12	7	1	2	61	19	638
2017	Non-Indigenous	30	30	19	11	6	1	3	62	17	15043

Question 70l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	25	13	6	4	1	1	77	10	762
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	26	14	7	6	1	1	73	13	18015
2019	Indigenous	42	25	15	8	8	1	1	69	16	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	27	15	9	7	1	1	69	16	15036

Question 70m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	29	17	9	9	0	1	64	18	770
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	30	21	10	7	0	1	62	17	18049

Question 70n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	23	24	15	13	1	1	48	28	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	27	23	15	12	0	1	49	28	18065
2019	Indigenous	26	31	18	14	10	0	1	57	24	679
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	29	22	12	8	0	1	58	20	15016
2018	Indigenous	24	27	25	11	12	1	0	52	23	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	29	24	14	9	0	1	53	23	13769
2017	Indigenous	23	29	22	13	10	0	1	53	24	636
2017	Non-Indigenous	24	30	23	13	9	1	2	55	22	15023

Question 70o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	57	22	12	4	3	0	1	81	7	769
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	25	12	4	2	0	2	82	7	18014
2019	Indigenous	48	26	11	6	7	0	2	75	13	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	24	14	6	5	0	2	75	11	15023
2018	Indigenous	47	22	13	8	7	1	2	71	15	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	24	14	6	5	0	3	73	12	13771
2017	Indigenous	48	22	14	7	7	0	2	72	14	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	48	24	14	6	5	0	2	74	11	15067

Question 70p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	32	19	8	6	0	1	67	14	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	35	18	8	4	0	1	70	12	18022

Question 70q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	72	13	6	3	2	1	3	88	6	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	16	7	2	2	1	4	89	4	17999
2019	Indigenous	65	14	8	3	4	0	6	84	7	680
2019	Non-Indigenous	67	14	6	2	2	1	7	88	5	15030
2018	Indigenous	57	18	10	5	6	1	4	79	11	644
2018	Non-Indigenous	63	16	8	3	3	1	6	85	7	13795

Question 70r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	77	9	4	4	2	1	3	90	6	766
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	8	4	2	2	1	3	91	5	17995
2019	Indigenous	65	15	7	5	5	1	3	82	10	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	70	12	6	4	4	1	3	86	8	15068
2018	Indigenous	66	13	8	4	5	1	3	82	10	645
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	13	6	3	4	1	5	86	8	13795
2017	Indigenous	62	17	8	5	5	1	3	82	10	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	69	13	6	4	3	1	5	87	7	15078

Question 70s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	72	17	5	2	1	1	2	91	3	762
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	15	5	2	1	0	2	91	3	17967
2019	Indigenous	55	26	9	5	3	0	2	83	8	684
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	24	9	4	2	0	2	85	6	15024
2018	Indigenous	54	26	11	4	2	0	1	82	7	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	25	10	4	3	0	2	82	7	13834
2017	Indigenous	50	30	11	5	2	0	2	82	7	643
2017	Non-Indigenous	57	25	9	4	3	0	3	85	6	15064

Question 70t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	69	15	5	4	4	1	2	87	7	768
2020	Non-Indigenous	71	14	6	3	3	1	2	87	7	17997
2019	Indigenous	59	19	9	6	6	0	1	79	12	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	18	9	5	5	0	2	81	10	14996
2018	Indigenous	55	17	12	8	6	1	1	73	15	646
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	19	10	6	5	0	2	78	11	13795
2017	Indigenous	56	22	10	6	4	1	2	80	10	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	62	18	8	5	4	1	3	82	9	15064

Question 70u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	64	6	2	1	2	0	25	93	3	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	8	3	1	1	1	25	93	3	18029
2019	Indigenous	54	12	3	1	1	0	28	91	4	679
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	9	4	2	1	0	28	90	4	14969
2018	Indigenous	53	10	4	1	1	1	30	91	3	642
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	9	5	2	1	0	31	88	4	13738
2017	Indigenous	51	11	4	2	1	0	30	90	5	639
2017	Non-Indigenous	53	10	4	2	1	0	30	90	4	15056

Question 70v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	66	19	6	3	1	0	4	89	5	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	16	7	3	2	1	4	88	5	18078
2019	Indigenous	60	20	7	4	3	0	6	85	7	685
2019	Non-Indigenous	64	17	8	3	2	0	6	86	6	15032
2018	Indigenous	58	20	10	3	3	1	6	84	6	640
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	19	10	3	2	1	7	84	6	13785
2017	Indigenous	58	22	8	3	2	0	7	86	6	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	61	17	8	3	2	1	8	86	6	14988

Question 70w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	64	16	9	4	5	0	2	82	9	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	64	17	8	4	4	1	2	83	8	18095
2019	Indigenous	62	17	7	4	6	0	3	82	11	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	15	8	4	5	1	4	82	10	15078
2018	Indigenous	57	15	10	6	6	0	6	76	13	648
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	16	9	5	6	0	5	79	12	13836
2017	Indigenous	58	16	6	7	7	0	5	78	15	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	55	17	9	6	7	1	5	77	14	15082

Question 70x. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	30	18	6	4	0	2	71	10	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	29	16	6	3	0	1	75	9	18088
2019	Indigenous	44	29	15	7	3	0	2	75	10	686
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	28	14	5	3	0	2	78	8	15043
2018	Indigenous	40	29	17	6	4	1	4	72	10	644
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	29	16	5	3	0	3	75	9	13817
2017	Indigenous	40	35	15	6	2	0	2	77	8	640
2017	Non-Indigenous	45	30	14	5	3	0	3	78	8	15055

Question 71. To what extent is stress from the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacting your ability to carry out day-to-day work responsibilities?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	35	24	7	3	0	0	66	10	772
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	39	19	6	3	0	0	71	10	18095

Question 72. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	32	34	12	5	49	17	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	34	34	12	5	49	17	18105
2019	Indigenous	16	32	33	13	5	48	18	688
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	33	34	13	5	48	18	15128
2018	Indigenous	12	30	36	17	6	42	22	650
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	30	37	14	5	44	19	13882
2017	Indigenous	12	26	36	17	8	39	25	642
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	30	38	14	6	42	20	15099

Question 73. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	23	35	18	9	28	37	767
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	20	38	21	9	29	33	18042
2019	Indigenous	13	24	38	16	10	25	37	682
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	20	37	21	9	30	33	15016
2018	Indigenous	15	22	36	18	8	26	38	640
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	21	39	20	8	28	33	13734
2017	Indigenous	15	25	34	18	8	26	40	641
2017	Non-Indigenous	10	21	39	20	9	29	31	15060

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 93. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	41	16	1	49	51	773
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	43	17	2	53	47	18137

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 94. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	66	324
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	67	6838

Question 97. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	18	13	7	10	3	8	66	19	771
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	19	14	8	7	2	11	67	17	18111
2019	Indigenous	33	17	15	11	17	2	6	54	30	675
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	18	17	11	13	1	6	56	26	14907
2018	Indigenous	35	11	19	11	17	2	6	49	30	647
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	17	16	11	13	1	8	56	26	13868

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 95. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	16	15	18	30	0	4	33	51	323
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	20	17	20	27	1	5	33	49	6838

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 96. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	15	10	22	40	1	2	26	64	323
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	16	14	22	38	1	2	24	61	6843

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Employment and Social Development Canada by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack