2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Department of National Defence by Question 120. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

The results of the 2020 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	38	42	5	11	4	0	0	81	14	1569
2020	Non-visible minority	31	48	5	12	3	0	0	79	16	12203

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	70	22	4	2	1	1	0	93	3	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	69	21	4	3	2	0	1	91	4	12170
2017	Visible minority	67	23	4	3	2	1	1	91	5	1191
2017	Non-visible minority	63	25	6	3	2	1	1	89	5	11292
2014	Visible minority	62	26	5	2	2	1	2	91	4	1314
2014	Non-visible minority	61	26	6	3	2	1	2	89	5	13330

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	38	39	9	9	4	1	78	13	1565
2020	Non-visible minority	38	38	9	10	4	0	77	14	12190
2019	Visible minority	44	37	7	8	4	0	81	12	1463
2019	Non-visible minority	38	37	8	11	5	0	76	16	11744
2017	Visible minority	44	35	6	9	6	0	79	15	1194
2017	Non-visible minority	36	38	8	12	6	0	74	18	11294
2014	Visible minority	41	39	7	8	6	0	79	14	1313
2014	Non-visible minority	37	37	8	11	6	0	75	17	13319

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	37	13	11	4	1	71	15	1561
2020	Non-visible minority	32	37	12	13	5	1	70	18	12163
2019	Visible minority	28	40	13	13	7	0	68	19	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	29	39	12	13	7	0	68	20	11726
2018	Visible minority	27	40	12	13	7	0	68	20	1086
2018	Non-visible minority	26	42	11	13	7	1	68	21	9227
2017	Visible minority	31	37	11	13	7	1	69	21	1192
2017	Non-visible minority	25	38	12	15	9	0	64	24	11300
2014	Visible minority	22	41	13	13	10	0	64	23	1312
2014	Non-visible minority	23	37	12	16	11	0	61	27	13328

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	38	10	7	3	80	10	1555
2020	Non-visible minority	43	37	9	8	3	80	11	12134
2019	Visible minority	40	39	10	6	3	80	10	1459
2019	Non-visible minority	42	38	9	8	4	80	11	11678
2017	Visible minority	43	39	7	7	3	83	10	1185
2017	Non-visible minority	43	39	7	7	3	82	10	11275
2014	Visible minority	37	42	11	7	3	80	9	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	42	39	9	7	3	81	10	13324

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	46	33	11	7	4	0	0	79	11	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	47	31	10	7	4	0	0	78	11	12162
2019	Visible minority	44	33	11	7	5	0	1	78	12	1462
2019	Non-visible minority	46	32	11	6	5	0	0	78	11	11721
2018	Visible minority	40	35	13	6	5	1	0	76	11	1084
2018	Non-visible minority	42	34	12	7	5	0	0	76	12	9206
2017	Visible minority	42	36	10	7	4	1	1	79	11	1189
2017	Non-visible minority	42	34	11	8	5	0	0	76	12	11286
2014	Visible minority	35	36	13	8	6	1	1	72	15	1314
2014	Non-visible minority	37	34	13	8	6	0	1	73	14	13327

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	37	12	6	4	78	10	1567
2020	Non-visible minority	38	39	12	8	4	77	12	12185
2019	Visible minority	35	38	13	8	4	74	12	1464
2019	Non-visible minority	37	39	12	8	5	75	12	11751
2018	Visible minority	35	39	13	8	4	75	12	1079
2018	Non-visible minority	35	41	12	8	5	75	13	9167
2017	Visible minority	36	43	10	7	3	79	10	1192
2017	Non-visible minority	34	43	11	7	4	77	12	11297
2014	Visible minority	29	43	13	10	5	73	14	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	31	45	11	8	5	75	14	13341

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	32	35	15	10	8	0	0	67	18	1565
2020	Non-visible minority	28	35	16	12	9	0	0	63	21	12201
2019	Visible minority	28	34	17	11	9	1	0	62	21	1466
2019	Non-visible minority	24	35	18	13	9	0	0	59	23	11748
2018	Visible minority	27	30	17	11	13	0	1	58	25	1083
2018	Non-visible minority	22	32	20	13	12	0	0	55	25	9204
2017	Visible minority	28	33	18	10	10	1	0	61	21	1191
2017	Non-visible minority	23	34	18	14	11	0	0	57	25	11296
2014	Visible minority	18	35	18	16	12	0	0	54	28	1316
2014	Non-visible minority	20	34	18	16	13	0	0	53	28	13334

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	41	10	7	4	78	11	1559
2020	Non-visible minority	30	42	13	11	5	72	15	12145
2019	Visible minority	30	41	12	11	5	71	16	1457
2019	Non-visible minority	27	42	14	12	5	69	17	11717
2018	Visible minority	30	40	15	10	5	70	14	1085
2018	Non-visible minority	27	38	15	12	7	66	19	9210
2017	Visible minority	35	38	13	9	4	73	13	1190
2017	Non-visible minority	27	41	14	12	6	68	18	11292

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	50	37	7	3	2	0	88	5	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	45	38	10	5	3	0	83	7	12151
2019	Visible minority	45	38	8	5	3	0	84	9	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	41	40	11	5	3	0	81	8	11708
2018	Visible minority	47	41	7	3	2	0	88	5	1090
2018	Non-visible minority	42	41	10	4	3	0	84	7	9260
2017	Visible minority	45	39	9	4	3	0	84	7	1193
2017	Non-visible minority	40	40	11	6	3	0	80	9	11289
2014	Visible minority	43	38	12	4	2	1	81	7	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	38	40	12	5	4	1	79	9	13327

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	36	13	7	7	73	14	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	32	36	14	11	7	68	18	12173
2019	Visible minority	32	36	15	9	7	68	17	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	30	36	15	10	8	67	19	11732
2018	Visible minority	31	36	14	11	8	67	19	1086
2018	Non-visible minority	28	37	15	11	9	65	20	9231
2017	Visible minority	32	37	14	9	7	69	17	1191
2017	Non-visible minority	28	36	15	11	9	64	21	11271

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	59	29	9	1	1	88	3	1554
2020	Non-visible minority	57	31	8	2	2	88	4	12107
2019	Visible minority	52	32	11	2	2	85	5	1457
2019	Non-visible minority	56	32	8	2	2	87	4	11681
2018	Visible minority	53	32	10	3	1	85	5	1085
2018	Non-visible minority	55	32	9	3	2	87	4	9184
2017	Visible minority	59	30	6	3	1	90	4	1186
2017	Non-visible minority	57	32	7	2	1	89	4	11254
2014	Visible minority	64	26	7	2	1	89	3	1316
2014	Non-visible minority	65	26	6	2	1	90	3	13325

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	40	13	8	5	0	0	74	13	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	33	37	13	10	7	0	0	71	16	12136
2019	Visible minority	29	40	13	10	6	0	1	70	17	1462
2019	Non-visible minority	30	38	13	11	7	0	0	69	18	11704
2018	Visible minority	27	39	16	10	7	1	0	67	17	1085
2018	Non-visible minority	28	39	14	11	9	0	0	66	20	9227
2017	Visible minority	31	41	13	8	7	0	1	72	15	1181
2017	Non-visible minority	30	40	12	11	7	0	0	70	18	11241
2014	Visible minority	19	43	15	14	9	0	1	62	23	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	22	42	13	13	10	0	0	64	23	13329

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	35	15	7	6	72	13	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	37	34	15	8	6	71	14	12177
2019	Visible minority	32	37	17	8	6	69	14	1460
2019	Non-visible minority	34	34	16	9	7	68	16	11733
2018	Visible minority	31	34	19	8	8	65	16	1085
2018	Non-visible minority	32	34	17	10	8	65	18	9210
2017	Visible minority	34	36	15	8	6	71	15	1185
2017	Non-visible minority	33	35	14	10	7	69	17	11247
2014	Visible minority	27	38	17	9	9	65	18	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	29	37	15	11	8	66	19	13336

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	41	13	7	4	75	11	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	32	39	14	10	5	72	14	12114
2019	Visible minority	31	39	15	9	5	71	14	1449
2019	Non-visible minority	30	39	14	10	6	69	16	11630
2018	Visible minority	29	37	17	10	6	66	17	1087
2018	Non-visible minority	29	35	16	11	8	64	20	9218
2017	Visible minority	33	36	15	9	5	70	15	1185
2017	Non-visible minority	31	37	15	10	7	68	18	11247
2014	Visible minority	25	39	16	12	8	64	20	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	28	36	16	12	8	64	20	13328

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	50	35	9	4	2	85	6	1565
2020	Non-visible minority	47	36	9	5	3	83	8	12184
2019	Visible minority	44	37	12	4	4	81	7	1465
2019	Non-visible minority	45	37	10	5	3	82	8	11745
2018	Visible minority	43	36	13	5	3	79	8	1086
2018	Non-visible minority	43	38	11	6	3	80	9	9239
2017	Visible minority	47	35	11	4	2	82	7	1183
2017	Non-visible minority	43	38	11	5	3	81	8	11232
2014	Visible minority	43	37	11	5	3	80	8	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	43	38	10	5	3	82	9	13323

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	35	39	16	6	4	0	0	74	10	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	39	33	15	7	5	0	0	72	12	12120
2019	Visible minority	40	35	16	5	3	1	1	76	8	1445
2019	Non-visible minority	40	31	17	6	5	0	1	72	11	11625
2018	Visible minority	37	38	16	5	4	0	0	75	9	1092
2018	Non-visible minority	39	31	16	8	5	0	1	71	13	9305
2017	Visible minority	40	36	14	5	2	0	2	78	7	1195
2017	Non-visible minority	38	34	15	7	4	0	1	73	12	11301
2014	Visible minority	35	35	18	6	4	0	1	71	11	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	36	34	17	7	5	0	1	71	12	13333

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	23	36	21	9	1	1	30	33	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	10	25	35	20	8	0	1	28	36	12197
2019	Visible minority	10	26	34	19	7	2	2	27	38	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	10	27	35	18	8	0	1	27	38	11749
2018	Visible minority	11	26	34	18	9	1	2	28	38	1090
2018	Non-visible minority	11	27	34	18	8	1	1	27	38	9292
2017	Visible minority	11	20	35	18	8	1	6	28	34	1188
2017	Non-visible minority	11	26	34	17	8	0	2	26	38	11234
2014	Visible minority	12	26	37	15	6	1	4	21	40	1313
2014	Non-visible minority	12	29	35	16	6	0	2	23	41	13311

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	14	26	29	19	3	2	50	22	1553
2020	Non-visible minority	9	18	27	27	15	1	1	44	28	12136
2019	Visible minority	10	15	27	25	14	3	4	43	28	1450
2019	Non-visible minority	11	21	29	23	14	1	1	37	33	11719
2018	Visible minority	11	18	26	23	16	3	3	41	31	1087
2018	Non-visible minority	13	21	28	22	13	2	1	36	36	9256
2017	Visible minority	11	17	24	22	16	3	8	42	31	1181
2017	Non-visible minority	12	21	29	20	13	1	3	35	35	11188
2014	Visible minority	12	21	33	17	10	4	4	29	36	1313
2014	Non-visible minority	14	24	30	19	10	1	2	30	40	13306

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	16	23	30	17	9	2	3	28	41	1554
2020	Non-visible minority	17	25	30	17	9	1	1	26	43	12150
2019	Visible minority	19	25	28	13	9	2	3	24	46	1450
2019	Non-visible minority	20	27	28	14	8	1	1	23	48	11730
2018	Visible minority	18	27	30	12	8	3	2	21	48	1089
2018	Non-visible minority	23	26	27	14	8	1	2	22	50	9264
2017	Visible minority	21	25	27	11	8	2	6	20	50	1185
2017	Non-visible minority	22	27	26	13	8	1	3	21	51	11221
2014	Visible minority	22	27	27	10	7	2	4	18	53	1310
2014	Non-visible minority	24	28	26	12	6	1	2	19	54	13319

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	12	29	32	17	1	2	51	19	1553
2020	Non-visible minority	6	13	30	34	16	0	1	51	19	12130
2019	Visible minority	6	10	30	30	17	2	4	51	17	1448
2019	Non-visible minority	5	13	31	32	17	1	2	49	19	11690
2018	Visible minority	6	12	32	30	15	2	2	48	19	1089
2018	Non-visible minority	6	15	32	30	15	1	2	46	21	9234
2017	Visible minority	6	12	30	29	15	2	6	48	19	1170
2017	Non-visible minority	6	14	31	28	16	1	3	46	21	11152
2014	Visible minority	6	13	35	29	11	2	4	43	20	1308
2014	Non-visible minority	6	15	33	30	13	1	2	44	22	13256

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	18	29	24	13	1	2	38	32	1558
2020	Non-visible minority	14	21	28	22	12	1	1	36	36	12168
2019	Visible minority	14	19	26	22	14	2	4	38	34	1455
2019	Non-visible minority	17	22	29	18	12	1	2	31	40	11735
2018	Visible minority	16	22	28	18	11	2	3	31	40	1088
2018	Non-visible minority	19	26	26	16	11	1	1	28	45	9276
2017	Visible minority	16	20	29	17	12	1	6	31	38	1186
2017	Non-visible minority	18	24	27	17	11	1	3	28	44	11230
2014	Visible minority	20	25	29	14	8	1	3	24	47	1310
2014	Non-visible minority	23	27	27	14	7	1	2	22	51	13308

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	15	24	27	17	4	3	47	26	1553
2020	Non-visible minority	10	17	24	27	19	2	2	47	27	12137
2019	Visible minority	12	17	26	20	16	5	4	39	31	1450
2019	Non-visible minority	12	20	26	23	15	1	2	40	33	11710
2018	Visible minority	12	18	26	21	15	5	4	39	33	1079
2018	Non-visible minority	13	20	26	22	15	1	2	38	35	9252
2017	Visible minority	12	17	24	20	14	4	9	39	33	1183
2017	Non-visible minority	12	20	25	22	15	1	5	39	34	11211
2014	Visible minority	11	18	27	21	12	4	7	36	33	1306
2014	Non-visible minority	12	19	26	23	14	1	4	40	32	13292

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	20	28	21	13	3	3	36	34	1558
2020	Non-visible minority	15	22	31	18	11	1	1	30	38	12141
2019	Visible minority	15	20	30	17	10	4	4	30	38	1456
2019	Non-visible minority	17	24	30	16	10	1	2	27	42	11707
2018	Visible minority	17	20	29	15	11	4	3	28	40	1082
2018	Non-visible minority	19	25	29	14	9	2	2	24	46	9280
2017	Visible minority	17	17	31	14	9	4	7	26	39	1184
2017	Non-visible minority	19	24	29	14	8	2	4	23	46	11221
2014	Visible minority	18	21	30	15	7	4	4	24	43	1312
2014	Non-visible minority	20	24	30	14	7	2	3	22	46	13295

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	16	32	26	15	1	2	42	25	1559
2020	Non-visible minority	8	19	36	25	11	1	1	36	27	12173
2019	Visible minority	10	15	32	24	13	1	4	39	26	1452
2019	Non-visible minority	10	18	33	24	12	1	1	37	29	11742

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My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	27	32	19	8	7	4	3	64	16	1566
2020	Non-visible minority	23	33	19	11	9	3	2	59	21	12180
2019	Visible minority	28	29	18	9	8	5	3	62	19	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	24	32	19	12	9	3	2	58	22	11739
2018	Visible minority	23	31	21	9	10	4	3	57	20	1089
2018	Non-visible minority	18	33	21	12	11	3	2	54	24	9270
2017	Visible minority	27	30	16	9	9	5	3	63	19	1195
2017	Non-visible minority	22	33	17	12	11	3	2	58	24	11299
2014	Visible minority	25	32	16	9	11	4	3	61	22	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	23	33	17	13	11	3	1	58	25	13331

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	30	13	8	6	1	72	15	1561
2020	Non-visible minority	40	31	11	11	8	1	71	18	12177
2019	Visible minority	40	29	11	10	8	1	70	18	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	38	31	11	11	8	0	69	20	11724
2018	Visible minority	36	32	10	12	10	1	68	22	1087
2018	Non-visible minority	33	32	12	13	10	1	65	23	9245
2017	Visible minority	39	30	11	9	9	1	71	18	1194
2017	Non-visible minority	34	32	12	11	10	0	67	21	11300
2014	Visible minority	35	31	10	11	12	1	66	23	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	32	32	11	12	11	1	65	23	13327

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	48	34	8	6	3	0	83	9	1559
2020	Non-visible minority	44	35	9	8	4	0	79	12	12153
2019	Visible minority	44	35	9	7	4	0	80	11	1457
2019	Non-visible minority	40	36	10	9	4	0	77	14	11722
2018	Visible minority	39	38	12	7	4	0	77	11	1087
2018	Non-visible minority	36	39	11	8	5	0	75	13	9234
2017	Visible minority	41	37	9	7	5	1	79	12	1192
2017	Non-visible minority	32	41	12	9	5	0	74	15	11278
2014	Visible minority	31	40	12	9	7	0	72	16	1314
2014	Non-visible minority	30	43	12	10	5	0	73	15	13326

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	37	13	4	3	1	79	8	1547
2020	Non-visible minority	38	39	13	6	3	1	77	10	12085
2019	Visible minority	37	38	14	6	4	1	76	10	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	36	40	14	6	3	1	76	10	11733
2018	Visible minority	33	42	15	6	4	1	75	10	1087
2018	Non-visible minority	32	41	15	6	5	1	73	11	9249

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	35	24	18	7	7	7	3	65	16	1558
2020	Non-visible minority	47	26	12	4	4	5	3	79	8	12150

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	27	15	4	4	1	4	76	8	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	43	27	17	4	4	1	4	74	9	12185
2019	Visible minority	39	29	17	5	4	1	5	72	9	1462
2019	Non-visible minority	39	28	19	5	4	1	4	71	9	11761

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	47	31	11	6	5	0	0	78	11	1561
2020	Non-visible minority	40	31	14	8	6	0	0	72	14	12172
2019	Visible minority	40	31	13	7	7	1	1	72	14	1456
2019	Non-visible minority	36	32	16	9	6	1	0	69	15	11745
2018	Visible minority	37	35	14	7	6	1	1	73	14	1086
2018	Non-visible minority	32	35	16	10	7	0	0	67	17	9239
2017	Visible minority	40	34	11	7	7	0	1	75	14	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	32	37	15	9	7	0	0	69	16	11307
2014	Visible minority	35	36	13	8	7	0	0	71	15	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	31	37	14	10	7	0	0	68	17	13337

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	49	25	13	5	6	1	1	75	11	1553
2020	Non-visible minority	45	25	16	6	6	1	2	72	12	12158

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	50	29	10	6	5	0	1	79	11	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	43	31	12	7	6	0	0	75	13	12177
2019	Visible minority	44	31	10	7	6	1	1	76	14	1459
2019	Non-visible minority	39	32	12	9	6	1	0	72	16	11710
2018	Visible minority	39	34	12	8	5	1	0	74	14	1085
2018	Non-visible minority	36	33	13	10	7	0	0	70	17	9206
2017	Visible minority	43	32	11	7	5	1	1	76	12	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	37	34	12	10	7	1	0	71	17	11302
2014	Visible minority	34	36	12	10	7	0	1	71	18	1314
2014	Non-visible minority	35	34	12	10	8	1	0	69	18	13342

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Flexible work hours mean that an employee is able to vary the start and end times of their workday.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	53	47	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	46	54	12209

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	61	19	9	2	2	2	5	86	5	1566
2020	Non-visible minority	56	18	10	3	3	2	7	81	7	12203

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	57	25	9	4	5	0	0	82	9	1566
2020	Non-visible minority	52	26	11	6	5	0	0	78	11	12204
2019	Visible minority	49	28	11	6	6	0	0	77	12	1467
2019	Non-visible minority	45	29	12	7	6	0	0	75	13	11751
2018	Visible minority	45	28	12	6	8	1	0	74	14	1083
2018	Non-visible minority	41	29	13	8	8	0	0	70	16	9225
2017	Visible minority	49	26	12	6	5	0	1	76	12	1191
2017	Non-visible minority	44	29	12	7	7	0	0	74	14	11252
2014	Visible minority	42	30	11	7	8	1	0	73	16	1314
2014	Non-visible minority	41	31	12	8	7	0	0	72	16	13325

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Senior Management

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	29	13	5	6	5	0	74	12	1566
2020	Non-visible minority	37	29	14	9	7	4	0	69	16	12195
2019	Visible minority	34	32	15	7	6	5	1	70	14	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	29	33	17	10	8	3	0	63	19	11709
2018	Visible minority	30	31	17	9	7	6	0	65	17	1094
2018	Non-visible minority	27	32	18	11	9	3	0	60	21	9305
2017	Visible minority	32	30	16	8	7	6	1	67	16	1195
2017	Non-visible minority	25	33	17	11	9	4	0	61	21	11315
2014	Visible minority	24	32	17	10	9	8	0	61	20	1316
2014	Non-visible minority	22	34	17	12	10	4	0	59	23	13326

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	30	14	7	7	2	71	15	1565
2020	Non-visible minority	32	31	16	11	9	1	63	21	12153
2019	Visible minority	31	33	16	9	7	3	66	17	1459
2019	Non-visible minority	25	32	18	13	11	1	57	24	11690
2018	Visible minority	28	31	18	11	9	2	61	21	1091
2018	Non-visible minority	23	30	18	14	13	1	54	27	9273
2017	Visible minority	29	30	19	10	9	3	60	20	1193
2017	Non-visible minority	22	31	17	15	12	2	54	28	11314
2014	Visible minority	21	31	20	12	11	4	54	24	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	18	31	19	16	14	1	50	31	13328

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	30	31	17	10	7	3	0	64	18	1558
2020	Non-visible minority	22	31	20	14	10	2	0	55	25	12170
2019	Visible minority	23	29	20	13	9	5	1	56	23	1454
2019	Non-visible minority	17	29	21	17	13	3	0	48	30	11680
2018	Visible minority	21	29	21	14	9	6	0	53	25	1088
2018	Non-visible minority	15	28	22	17	14	3	0	45	33	9276
2017	Visible minority	22	28	18	15	10	6	1	54	27	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	14	29	20	18	14	3	0	45	34	11307
2014	Visible minority	15	29	20	17	12	6	0	47	31	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	12	27	21	19	16	3	0	41	37	13323

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	30	34	15	10	8	1	0	65	19	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	21	32	16	17	13	1	0	53	30	12189
2019	Visible minority	23	31	18	14	10	3	0	56	26	1456
2019	Non-visible minority	16	30	19	19	15	1	0	46	35	11693
2018	Visible minority	21	30	19	15	11	3	0	53	27	1094
2018	Non-visible minority	14	28	19	20	17	2	0	43	38	9282
2017	Visible minority	22	30	17	15	11	4	1	54	28	1194
2017	Non-visible minority	14	30	18	20	16	2	0	45	37	11289
2014	Visible minority	17	32	17	17	14	4	0	50	33	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	12	29	18	21	18	2	0	41	40	13323

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	24	14	6	5	6	3	73	12	1559
2020	Non-visible minority	32	22	14	8	7	13	6	65	18	12208
2019	Visible minority	40	26	14	6	5	7	2	73	12	1468
2019	Non-visible minority	32	22	15	7	8	12	4	64	18	11749

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	41	13	6	4	1	0	77	10	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	27	40	18	10	5	1	0	67	15	12178
2019	Visible minority	30	43	15	7	4	1	0	74	11	1466
2019	Non-visible minority	23	40	20	11	5	1	0	63	17	11751
2018	Visible minority	27	40	19	9	4	1	0	68	13	1093
2018	Non-visible minority	21	39	20	13	7	1	0	60	20	9270
2017	Visible minority	28	41	16	9	5	2	1	70	14	1191
2017	Non-visible minority	21	39	19	12	7	1	0	61	19	11297
2014	Visible minority	25	38	18	11	6	3	0	64	18	1316
2014	Non-visible minority	19	37	19	13	9	2	0	58	22	13334

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	33	20	13	7	2	59	21	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	16	35	22	18	8	1	51	26	12142
2019	Visible minority	17	33	21	17	9	3	52	26	1455
2019	Non-visible minority	12	32	23	20	11	1	45	31	11713

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	34	16	8	6	3	1	68	15	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	33	36	14	8	5	2	1	71	14	12188
2019	Visible minority	29	34	16	10	7	3	1	66	18	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	29	37	16	10	6	2	0	67	17	11746
2018	Visible minority	28	38	17	9	5	2	1	68	15	1092
2018	Non-visible minority	28	38	15	10	7	1	1	68	17	9266
2017	Visible minority	33	38	12	7	5	3	2	74	13	1188
2017	Non-visible minority	33	38	13	8	5	2	1	73	14	11281
2014	Visible minority	33	39	13	7	4	3	1	75	12	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	34	39	12	8	5	2	1	74	13	13337

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	36	34	18	7	4	1	72	11	1552
2020	Non-visible minority	35	36	16	7	4	1	72	11	12167
2019	Visible minority	31	38	16	8	5	2	70	13	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	29	37	20	8	5	1	66	14	11730
2018	Visible minority	32	35	19	7	4	2	68	12	1088
2018	Non-visible minority	29	36	19	9	6	1	66	15	9256

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	27	19	10	11	7	2	56	23	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	27	29	17	11	10	5	1	61	22	12173
2019	Visible minority	21	26	20	11	13	8	2	52	27	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	22	28	20	12	11	5	1	54	25	11736
2018	Visible minority	21	27	20	12	11	8	1	53	26	1092
2018	Non-visible minority	21	29	20	13	12	5	1	53	27	9262
2017	Visible minority	21	27	17	9	14	8	3	54	26	1191
2017	Non-visible minority	22	29	17	13	12	5	1	55	27	11266
2014	Visible minority	17	25	19	14	13	9	2	48	31	1314
2014	Non-visible minority	19	29	17	14	14	6	1	51	31	13327

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	30	17	11	9	2	0	62	20	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	26	32	18	12	9	2	1	59	22	12162
2019	Visible minority	23	31	18	13	12	3	0	56	25	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	22	32	18	14	12	2	0	55	27	11729
2018	Visible minority	23	31	19	14	10	3	0	55	25	1084
2018	Non-visible minority	21	31	19	14	13	2	0	53	27	9265
2017	Visible minority	29	31	14	11	12	2	1	61	24	1194
2017	Non-visible minority	22	33	17	15	12	2	1	56	27	11308
2014	Visible minority	20	29	17	17	15	2	1	50	33	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	18	31	18	16	15	2	1	50	32	13330

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	25	17	14	17	2	2	51	32	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	19	24	18	15	19	2	5	46	36	12189
2019	Visible minority	20	26	18	13	18	3	2	48	33	1467
2019	Non-visible minority	17	24	17	15	21	2	4	44	38	11753
2018	Visible minority	20	24	17	14	19	3	3	47	35	1092
2018	Non-visible minority	15	24	17	15	23	1	4	41	41	9270
2017	Visible minority	22	24	15	15	19	3	2	49	36	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	15	24	15	16	22	2	6	42	41	11306
2014	Visible minority	12	22	15	17	28	3	3	36	48	1316
2014	Non-visible minority	12	21	16	17	28	2	5	35	48	13337

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	52	23	13	4	3	1	4	79	8	1566
2020	Non-visible minority	59	20	10	4	2	1	4	83	7	12202
2019	Visible minority	54	25	10	3	2	1	4	83	6	1462
2019	Non-visible minority	58	22	10	3	2	1	4	84	6	11742

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	26	16	7	6	1	2	69	14	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	47	23	15	7	4	1	3	73	12	12188
2019	Visible minority	35	27	18	7	8	2	4	65	16	1456
2019	Non-visible minority	44	23	16	7	5	2	4	71	12	11725

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	59	13	8	5	6	6	3	79	11	1557
2020	Non-visible minority	76	9	5	2	2	2	4	90	5	12155
2019	Visible minority	55	15	8	5	6	7	4	78	13	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	74	9	5	2	3	3	5	89	5	11668

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	62	16	6	3	2	3	8	88	6	1557
2020	Non-visible minority	73	11	5	2	2	2	6	91	4	12161
2019	Visible minority	66	13	5	2	2	3	9	90	5	1448
2019	Non-visible minority	74	8	4	1	2	2	9	92	4	11678

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	23	38	21	9	5	5	0	64	14	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	24	43	17	9	5	2	0	68	15	12179
2019	Visible minority	20	38	22	9	6	5	0	61	16	1463
2019	Non-visible minority	20	42	18	11	6	2	0	64	17	11741
2018	Visible minority	18	33	27	9	8	4	1	54	18	1091
2018	Non-visible minority	19	38	22	10	8	2	0	58	19	9266
2017	Visible minority	21	34	21	11	7	6	1	59	19	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	20	38	20	11	7	3	0	60	19	11314

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	37	16	8	4	2	0	72	12	1558
2020	Non-visible minority	35	38	15	7	3	2	0	74	10	12144
2019	Visible minority	32	38	14	8	5	2	0	73	13	1454
2019	Non-visible minority	32	40	16	7	4	2	0	73	11	11708
2018	Visible minority	37	37	14	6	5	2	0	75	11	1087
2018	Non-visible minority	35	39	16	6	3	1	0	75	9	9260
2017	Visible minority	37	38	12	6	4	2	1	77	10	1193
2017	Non-visible minority	33	41	15	6	3	2	0	76	9	11277
2014	Visible minority	33	37	15	8	5	2	0	72	13	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	34	38	16	6	3	3	0	74	9	13334

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	33	16	6	5	3	0	72	12	1565
2020	Non-visible minority	38	34	16	4	3	3	1	75	7	12168
2019	Visible minority	36	33	16	6	6	3	0	71	12	1456
2019	Non-visible minority	37	35	17	4	3	3	1	75	7	11702
2018	Visible minority	35	35	16	6	6	3	0	72	12	1090
2018	Non-visible minority	37	36	17	4	3	2	0	76	7	9256
2017	Visible minority	35	33	15	6	6	4	1	72	13	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	34	36	18	4	3	3	1	73	8	11295
2014	Visible minority	33	37	15	6	6	3	0	72	12	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	36	36	17	4	3	4	1	76	7	13337

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.
Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism.

Anti-racism is an active and consistent process of change to eliminate individual, institutional and systemic racism.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	31	17	7	6	4	1	68	14	1568
2020	Non-visible minority	40	33	17	4	2	4	1	76	6	12184

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	35	30	13	8	9	3	1	69	18	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	47	31	11	4	3	3	1	81	7	12164

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	49	34	10	3	3	0	84	6	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	51	33	8	5	3	0	84	8	12162
2019	Visible minority	46	36	10	4	3	1	82	7	1465
2019	Non-visible minority	45	36	10	5	4	0	81	9	11725
2018	Visible minority	43	38	10	4	3	0	82	8	1079
2018	Non-visible minority	43	37	10	5	4	0	80	9	9262
2017	Visible minority	45	38	8	5	3	1	83	8	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	41	39	10	6	4	0	81	9	11291
2014	Visible minority	40	39	12	5	4	1	80	8	1313
2014	Non-visible minority	41	38	11	6	4	0	79	10	13326

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	33	14	6	5	1	76	10	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	40	32	14	8	5	0	73	14	12161
2019	Visible minority	37	34	15	7	6	1	72	13	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	37	33	16	8	6	0	70	15	11712
2018	Visible minority	38	30	19	7	5	1	69	12	1084
2018	Non-visible minority	34	32	18	8	7	0	67	15	9265
2017	Visible minority	40	31	17	6	4	1	73	11	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	33	34	17	9	7	0	67	16	11278
2014	Visible minority	29	38	17	9	6	1	68	15	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	27	36	17	11	8	0	64	19	13341

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	35	14	6	4	0	76	10	1551
2020	Non-visible minority	38	34	13	8	5	0	73	14	12117
2019	Visible minority	36	35	15	8	5	1	72	13	1438
2019	Non-visible minority	35	35	15	9	6	0	70	15	11683
2018	Visible minority	37	33	16	8	5	0	71	13	1084
2018	Non-visible minority	33	34	17	9	7	0	67	16	9221
2017	Visible minority	38	34	16	7	4	0	72	11	1192
2017	Non-visible minority	31	36	15	10	7	0	68	17	11284
2014	Visible minority	28	38	18	9	6	1	67	15	1314
2014	Non-visible minority	26	38	16	12	8	0	64	20	13341

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	26	17	8	7	3	0	67	15	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	40	25	16	9	7	2	1	66	17	12187
2019	Visible minority	31	28	19	10	9	3	0	61	20	1464
2019	Non-visible minority	35	25	17	10	9	3	0	63	20	11738
2018	Visible minority	35	24	19	11	7	5	0	62	18	1086
2018	Non-visible minority	33	25	19	10	9	2	0	60	20	9271
2017	Visible minority	33	27	17	10	8	4	1	63	19	1195
2017	Non-visible minority	33	27	18	11	9	3	1	62	20	11281
2014	Visible minority	29	28	18	13	10	3	0	58	23	1313
2014	Non-visible minority	31	26	18	12	10	3	0	59	23	13336

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Mobility and Retention

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	38	37	1569
2020	Non-visible minority	22	47	31	12216
2019	Visible minority	29	35	37	1467
2019	Non-visible minority	24	44	32	11771
2018	Visible minority	28	37	36	1097
2018	Non-visible minority	23	44	32	9306
2017	Visible minority	27	39	35	1198
2017	Non-visible minority	23	47	30	11311
2014	Visible minority	25	37	38	1317
2014	Non-visible minority	22	47	31	13332

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	45	34	4	4	6	427
2020	Non-visible minority	34	29	22	5	3	7	2794
2019	Visible minority	5	35	31	4	16	9	414
2019	Non-visible minority	29	28	24	6	8	6	2926
2018	Visible minority	9	36	33	4	12	6	322
2018	Non-visible minority	31	26	24	5	6	7	2274
2017	Visible minority	12	38	34	3	7	7	338
2017	Non-visible minority	33	24	25	6	6	7	2730
2014	Visible minority	10	34	32	10	9999	14	359
2014	Non-visible minority	33	23	25	9	9999	10	3168

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	1568
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	12202
2019	Visible minority	15	85	1461
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	11735
2018	Visible minority	17	83	1092
2018	Non-visible minority	16	84	9295

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	48	52	219
2020	Non-visible minority	49	51	1342
2019	Visible minority	54	46	217
2019	Non-visible minority	52	48	1566
2018	Visible minority	51	49	186
2018	Non-visible minority	49	51	1371

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	62	38	219
2020	Non-visible minority	60	40	1342
2019	Visible minority	66	34	217
2019	Non-visible minority	59	41	1566
2018	Visible minority	63	37	186
2018	Non-visible minority	62	38	1371

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	219
2020	Non-visible minority	9	91	1342
2019	Visible minority	10	90	217
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	1566
2018	Visible minority	6	94	186
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	1371

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	219
2020	Non-visible minority	9	91	1342
2019	Visible minority	8	92	217
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	1566
2018	Visible minority	9	91	186
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	1371

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	219
2020	Non-visible minority	2	98	1342
2019	Visible minority	9	91	217
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	1566
2018	Visible minority	4	96	186
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	1371

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	93	219
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	1342
2019	Visible minority	6	94	217
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	1566
2018	Visible minority	6	94	186
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	1371

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	58	219
2020	Non-visible minority	37	63	1342
2019	Visible minority	42	58	214
2019	Non-visible minority	38	62	1542
2018	Visible minority	39	61	186
2018	Non-visible minority	42	58	1370

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	38	62	219
2020	Non-visible minority	42	58	1342
2019	Visible minority	43	57	214
2019	Non-visible minority	40	60	1542
2018	Visible minority	42	58	186
2018	Non-visible minority	43	57	1370

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	43	57	219
2020	Non-visible minority	47	53	1342
2019	Visible minority	49	51	214
2019	Non-visible minority	47	53	1542
2018	Visible minority	40	60	186
2018	Non-visible minority	44	56	1370

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	48	52	219
2020	Non-visible minority	43	57	1342
2019	Visible minority	44	56	214
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	1542
2018	Visible minority	41	59	186
2018	Non-visible minority	41	59	1370

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	35	65	219
2020	Non-visible minority	36	64	1342
2019	Visible minority	28	72	214
2019	Non-visible minority	32	68	1542
2018	Visible minority	41	59	186
2018	Non-visible minority	36	64	1370

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	55	45	219
2020	Non-visible minority	53	47	1342
2019	Visible minority	57	43	214
2019	Non-visible minority	57	43	1542
2018	Visible minority	57	43	186
2018	Non-visible minority	55	45	1370

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	40	60	219
2020	Non-visible minority	41	59	1342
2019	Visible minority	30	70	214
2019	Non-visible minority	38	62	1542
2018	Visible minority	37	63	186
2018	Non-visible minority	39	61	1370

Question 57h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	4	96	219
2020	Non-visible minority	2	98	1342
2019	Visible minority	4	96	214
2019	Non-visible minority	2	98	1542

Question 57i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	4	96	219
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	1342
2019	Visible minority	10	90	214
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	1542
2018	Visible minority	9	91	186
2018	Non-visible minority	10	90	1370

Question 57j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	219
2020	Non-visible minority	16	84	1342
2019	Visible minority	16	84	214
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	1542
2018	Visible minority	15	85	186
2018	Non-visible minority	15	85	1370

Question 57k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	53	47	219
2020	Non-visible minority	48	52	1342
2019	Visible minority	54	46	214
2019	Non-visible minority	48	52	1542
2018	Visible minority	59	41	186
2018	Non-visible minority	48	52	1370

Question 57l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	75	219
2020	Non-visible minority	26	74	1342
2019	Visible minority	27	73	214
2019	Non-visible minority	28	72	1542
2018	Visible minority	28	72	186
2018	Non-visible minority	31	69	1370

Question 57m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	20	80	219
2020	Non-visible minority	16	84	1342
2019	Visible minority	15	85	214
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	1542
2018	Visible minority	11	89	186
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	1370

Question 58a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	54	46	219
2020	Non-visible minority	54	46	1343
2019	Visible minority	49	51	213
2019	Non-visible minority	54	46	1532
2018	Visible minority	43	57	184
2018	Non-visible minority	49	51	1375

Question 58b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	74	219
2020	Non-visible minority	26	74	1343
2019	Visible minority	24	76	213
2019	Non-visible minority	28	72	1532
2018	Visible minority	25	75	184
2018	Non-visible minority	27	73	1375

Question 58c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	219
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	1343
2019	Visible minority	9	91	213
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	1532
2018	Visible minority	8	92	184
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	1375

Question 58d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	21	79	219
2020	Non-visible minority	27	73	1343
2019	Visible minority	19	81	213
2019	Non-visible minority	24	76	1532
2018	Visible minority	26	74	184
2018	Non-visible minority	25	75	1375

Question 58e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	219
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	1343
2019	Visible minority	9	91	213
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	1532
2018	Visible minority	9	91	184
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	1375

Question 58f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	219
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	1343
2019	Visible minority	10	90	213
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	1532
2018	Visible minority	15	85	184
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	1375

Question 58g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	219
2020	Non-visible minority	13	87	1343
2019	Visible minority	14	86	213
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	1532
2018	Visible minority	14	86	184
2018	Non-visible minority	15	85	1375

Question 58h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	219
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	1343
2019	Visible minority	10	90	213
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	1532
2018	Visible minority	13	87	184
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	1375

Question 58i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	23	77	219
2020	Non-visible minority	23	77	1343
2019	Visible minority	32	68	213
2019	Non-visible minority	24	76	1532
2018	Visible minority	27	73	184
2018	Non-visible minority	25	75	1375

Question 59a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	197
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	1191
2019	Visible minority	15	85	194
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	1357
2018	Visible minority	15	85	157
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	1234

Question 59b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	15	85	197
2020	Non-visible minority	17	83	1191
2019	Visible minority	24	76	194
2019	Non-visible minority	19	81	1357
2018	Visible minority	16	84	157
2018	Non-visible minority	17	83	1234

Question 59c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	92	197
2020	Non-visible minority	9	91	1191
2019	Visible minority	14	86	194
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	1357
2018	Visible minority	15	85	157
2018	Non-visible minority	10	90	1234

Question 59d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	197
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	1191
2019	Visible minority	8	92	194
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	1357
2018	Visible minority	9	91	157
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	1234

Question 59e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	197
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	1191
2019	Visible minority	13	87	194
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	1357
2018	Visible minority	10	90	157
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	1234

Question 59f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	197
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	1191
2019	Visible minority	12	88	194
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	1357
2018	Visible minority	12	88	157
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	1234

Question 59g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	197
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	1191
2019	Visible minority	11	89	194
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	1357
2018	Visible minority	10	90	157
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	1234

Question 59h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	197
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	1191
2019	Visible minority	17	83	194
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	1357
2018	Visible minority	16	84	157
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	1234

Question 59i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	83	197
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	1191
2019	Visible minority	16	84	194
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	1357
2018	Visible minority	15	85	157
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	1234

Question 59j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	30	70	197
2020	Non-visible minority	29	71	1191
2019	Visible minority	26	74	194
2019	Non-visible minority	30	70	1357
2018	Visible minority	32	68	157
2018	Non-visible minority	29	71	1234

Question 59k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	197
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	1191
2019	Visible minority	10	90	194
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	1357
2018	Visible minority	9	91	157
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	1234

Question 59l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	46	54	197
2020	Non-visible minority	42	58	1191
2019	Visible minority	52	48	194
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	1357
2018	Visible minority	47	53	157
2018	Non-visible minority	43	57	1234

Question 59m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	3	97	194
2019	Non-visible minority	2	98	1357

Question 59n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	49	51	197
2020	Non-visible minority	58	42	1191
2019	Visible minority	46	54	194
2019	Non-visible minority	56	44	1357
2018	Visible minority	50	50	157
2018	Non-visible minority	57	43	1234

Question 59o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	197
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	1191
2019	Visible minority	4	96	194
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	1357
2018	Visible minority	5	95	157
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	1234

Question 59p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	197
2020	Non-visible minority	14	86	1191
2019	Visible minority	13	87	194
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	1357
2018	Visible minority	11	89	157
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	1234

Question 60. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	22	21	20	6	7	19	6	56	17	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	24	24	18	8	7	16	4	59	18	12182
2019	Visible minority	19	22	19	6	8	20	6	55	19	1466
2019	Non-visible minority	20	23	20	9	9	15	4	54	21	11749
2018	Visible minority	21	21	21	6	8	19	4	54	18	1089
2018	Non-visible minority	20	24	22	9	9	14	3	53	21	9269
2017	Visible minority	22	23	18	6	8	19	5	58	18	1197
2017	Non-visible minority	20	26	20	9	8	13	3	55	20	11309
2014	Visible minority	17	22	20	8	9	20	5	52	22	1316
2014	Non-visible minority	18	25	21	8	9	16	3	53	21	13337

Question 61. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	36	31	17	5	4	6	1	71	10	1561
2020	Non-visible minority	38	32	15	6	5	4	0	73	11	12178
2019	Visible minority	35	34	14	4	5	7	1	74	10	1464
2019	Non-visible minority	36	32	16	7	6	4	0	71	13	11740
2018	Visible minority	33	32	16	6	6	6	1	70	13	1093
2018	Non-visible minority	33	33	17	7	6	3	0	68	14	9266
2017	Visible minority	36	33	13	6	5	6	1	75	11	1195
2017	Non-visible minority	34	34	16	7	6	3	1	71	13	11287
2014	Visible minority	28	30	21	6	5	9	1	64	13	1315
2014	Non-visible minority	27	34	18	8	6	6	1	65	15	13321

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Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction,which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 62. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	1561
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	12195
2019	Visible minority	13	87	1463
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	11706
2018	Visible minority	14	86	1088
2018	Non-visible minority	6	94	9282

Question 63a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	36	64	190
2020	Non-visible minority	37	63	681
2019	Visible minority	51	49	200
2019	Non-visible minority	39	61	701
2018	Visible minority	44	56	158
2018	Non-visible minority	37	63	552

Question 63b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	76	24	190
2020	Non-visible minority	73	27	681
2019	Visible minority	73	27	200
2019	Non-visible minority	73	27	701
2018	Visible minority	73	27	158
2018	Non-visible minority	77	23	552

Question 63c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	190
2020	Non-visible minority	5	95	681
2019	Visible minority	8	92	200
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	701
2018	Visible minority	5	95	158
2018	Non-visible minority	6	94	552

Question 63d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	0	100	190
2020	Non-visible minority	1	99	681

Question 63e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	87	190
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	681
2019	Visible minority	16	84	200
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	701
2018	Visible minority	12	88	158
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	552

Question 63f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	190
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	681
2019	Visible minority	12	88	200
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	701
2018	Visible minority	6	94	158
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	552

Question 63g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	190
2020	Non-visible minority	9	91	681
2019	Visible minority	6	94	200
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	701
2018	Visible minority	12	88	158
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	552

Question 64a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	61	39	190
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	681
2019	Visible minority	63	37	194
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	688
2018	Visible minority	64	36	159
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	553

Question 64b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	56	190
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	681
2019	Visible minority	43	57	194
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	688
2018	Visible minority	42	58	159
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	552

Question 64c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	40	60	190
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	681
2019	Visible minority	36	64	194
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	688
2018	Visible minority	40	60	159
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	552

Question 64d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	190
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	681
2019	Visible minority	18	82	194
2019	Non-visible minority	2	98	688
2018	Visible minority	20	80	159
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	552

Question 64e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	76	190
2020	Non-visible minority	25	75	681
2019	Visible minority	30	70	194
2019	Non-visible minority	32	68	688
2018	Visible minority	25	75	159
2018	Non-visible minority	28	72	552

Question 64f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	16	84	190
2020	Non-visible minority	28	72	681
2019	Visible minority	22	78	194
2019	Non-visible minority	30	70	688
2018	Visible minority	16	84	159
2018	Non-visible minority	31	69	552

Question 64g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Visible minority	3	97	159
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	552

Question 64h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Visible minority	4	96	159
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	552

Question 64i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	92	190
2020	Non-visible minority	9	91	681
2019	Visible minority	6	94	194
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	688
2018	Visible minority	5	95	159
2018	Non-visible minority	7	93	552

Question 64j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	190
2020	Non-visible minority	18	82	681
2019	Visible minority	9	91	194
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	688
2018	Visible minority	8	92	159
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	552

Question 64k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	0	100	194
2019	Non-visible minority	1	99	688

Question 64l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	92	190
2020	Non-visible minority	16	84	681
2019	Visible minority	7	93	194
2019	Non-visible minority	20	80	688
2018	Visible minority	11	89	159
2018	Non-visible minority	22	78	552

Question 64m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	0	100	194
2019	Non-visible minority	1	99	688

Question 64n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	190
2020	Non-visible minority	30	70	681
2019	Visible minority	13	87	194
2019	Non-visible minority	26	74	688
2018	Visible minority	15	85	159
2018	Non-visible minority	28	72	552

Question 65a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	66	190
2020	Non-visible minority	36	64	681
2019	Visible minority	30	70	194
2019	Non-visible minority	34	66	680
2018	Visible minority	20	80	158
2018	Non-visible minority	31	69	551

Question 65b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	83	190
2020	Non-visible minority	17	83	681
2019	Visible minority	17	83	194
2019	Non-visible minority	17	83	680
2018	Visible minority	13	87	158
2018	Non-visible minority	16	84	551

Question 65c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	4	96	190
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	681
2019	Visible minority	2	98	194
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	680

Question 65d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	16	84	190
2020	Non-visible minority	19	81	681
2019	Visible minority	14	86	194
2019	Non-visible minority	21	79	680
2018	Visible minority	12	88	158
2018	Non-visible minority	21	79	551

Question 65e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	6	94	190
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	681
2019	Visible minority	4	96	194
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	680
2018	Visible minority	5	95	158
2018	Non-visible minority	6	94	551

Question 65f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	190
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	681
2019	Visible minority	6	94	194
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	680
2018	Visible minority	8	92	158
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	551

Question 65g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	190
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	681
2019	Visible minority	7	93	194
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	680
2018	Visible minority	9	91	158
2018	Non-visible minority	7	93	551

Question 65h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	92	190
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	681
2019	Visible minority	9	91	194
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	680
2018	Visible minority	5	95	158
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	551

Question 65i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	45	55	190
2020	Non-visible minority	43	57	681
2019	Visible minority	51	49	194
2019	Non-visible minority	44	56	680
2018	Visible minority	54	46	158
2018	Non-visible minority	45	55	552

Question 66a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	6	94	174
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	629
2019	Visible minority	5	95	168
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	594
2018	Visible minority	4	96	145
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	501

Question 66b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	174
2020	Non-visible minority	16	84	629
2019	Visible minority	22	78	168
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	594
2018	Visible minority	16	84	145
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	501

Question 66c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	174
2020	Non-visible minority	5	95	629
2019	Visible minority	4	96	168
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	594
2018	Visible minority	5	95	145
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	501

Question 66d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	3	97	174
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	629
2018	Visible minority	3	97	145
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	501

Question 66e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	3	97	174
2020	Non-visible minority	5	95	629
2019	Visible minority	4	96	168
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	594
2018	Visible minority	3	97	145
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	501

Question 66f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	6	94	174
2020	Non-visible minority	5	95	629
2019	Visible minority	6	94	168
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	594
2018	Visible minority	4	96	145
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	501

Question 66g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	93	174
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	629
2019	Visible minority	7	93	168
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	594
2018	Visible minority	9	91	145
2018	Non-visible minority	7	93	501

Question 66h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	16	84	174
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	629
2019	Visible minority	17	83	168
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	594
2018	Visible minority	15	85	145
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	501

Question 66i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	174
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	629
2019	Visible minority	13	87	168
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	594
2018	Visible minority	16	84	145
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	501

Question 66j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	67	174
2020	Non-visible minority	26	74	629
2019	Visible minority	24	76	168
2019	Non-visible minority	23	77	594
2018	Visible minority	29	71	145
2018	Non-visible minority	27	73	501

Question 66k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	93	174
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	629
2019	Visible minority	10	90	168
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	594
2018	Visible minority	10	90	145
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	501

Question 66l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	48	52	174
2020	Non-visible minority	42	58	629
2019	Visible minority	45	55	168
2019	Non-visible minority	44	56	594
2018	Visible minority	36	64	145
2018	Non-visible minority	43	57	502

Question 66m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Visible minority	4	96	145
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	501

Question 66n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	63	37	174
2020	Non-visible minority	64	36	629
2019	Visible minority	51	49	168
2019	Non-visible minority	61	39	594
2018	Visible minority	65	35	145
2018	Non-visible minority	67	33	501

Question 66o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	4	96	174
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	629
2019	Visible minority	3	97	168
2019	Non-visible minority	3	97	594
2018	Visible minority	5	95	145
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	501

Question 66p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	87	174
2020	Non-visible minority	13	87	629
2019	Visible minority	12	88	168
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	594
2018	Visible minority	13	87	145
2018	Non-visible minority	10	90	501

Question 67. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	21	21	21	6	5	20	5	57	15	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	26	24	21	4	3	19	3	64	10	12178
2019	Visible minority	19	19	23	5	7	22	5	53	16	1465
2019	Non-visible minority	23	21	23	5	4	19	5	57	12	11754
2018	Visible minority	20	22	22	5	5	21	4	57	14	1093
2018	Non-visible minority	21	23	26	4	4	18	3	57	10	9273
2017	Visible minority	22	23	18	4	5	22	6	63	12	1192
2017	Non-visible minority	22	25	23	4	3	19	5	61	9	11298
2014	Visible minority	16	21	23	6	6	24	5	52	16	1312
2014	Non-visible minority	19	24	23	4	3	22	5	59	10	13334

Question 68. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	31	18	6	5	8	1	70	11	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	39	32	17	4	3	5	1	75	8	12168
2019	Visible minority	33	29	17	5	5	10	1	69	12	1462
2019	Non-visible minority	38	30	18	4	4	6	1	72	8	11734
2018	Visible minority	32	32	17	5	5	9	1	70	11	1095
2018	Non-visible minority	34	32	21	4	4	5	1	70	8	9256
2017	Visible minority	35	31	15	4	4	9	2	74	9	1194
2017	Non-visible minority	35	34	17	4	3	6	1	74	8	11288
2014	Visible minority	28	29	20	5	5	12	1	65	12	1311
2014	Non-visible minority	29	33	20	5	3	10	1	70	8	13321

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	1	6	23	20	41	9	1	7	67	114
2020	Non-visible minority	5	10	28	17	27	11	2	17	50	45

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 70a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Risk of exposure to COVID-19
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	26	19	12	14	0	1	55	26	1566
2020	Non-visible minority	22	29	24	14	11	0	0	51	25	12210

Question 70b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	36	28	16	9	9	1	1	65	18	1557
2020	Non-visible minority	32	28	19	11	10	0	0	60	21	12178
2019	Visible minority	26	28	20	11	15	0	1	54	25	1459
2019	Non-visible minority	23	24	21	14	18	0	1	48	32	11757
2018	Visible minority	21	25	20	14	17	1	2	48	32	1095
2018	Non-visible minority	19	22	21	15	21	0	1	42	37	9310
2017	Visible minority	23	23	20	14	16	1	3	49	31	1187
2017	Non-visible minority	20	22	20	15	21	0	1	43	37	11282

Question 70c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	30	23	13	9	0	1	54	22	1561
2020	Non-visible minority	26	29	23	13	9	0	0	55	22	12181
2019	Visible minority	31	28	22	9	8	0	1	60	17	1462
2019	Non-visible minority	26	30	23	12	8	0	0	56	21	11748
2018	Visible minority	22	26	28	14	7	0	2	49	22	1093
2018	Non-visible minority	22	29	26	13	9	0	1	51	22	9308
2017	Visible minority	24	31	21	11	8	1	2	58	20	1190
2017	Non-visible minority	24	28	24	14	9	0	1	53	22	11284

Question 70d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	30	19	9	6	1	1	65	16	1556
2020	Non-visible minority	36	31	19	9	5	0	1	68	14	12146
2019	Visible minority	37	30	17	9	5	1	2	69	14	1445
2019	Non-visible minority	35	32	19	8	5	0	1	67	13	11697
2018	Visible minority	27	29	23	12	6	1	2	58	18	1082
2018	Non-visible minority	29	32	21	10	5	0	1	63	16	9256
2017	Visible minority	31	29	19	10	6	1	4	63	16	1184
2017	Non-visible minority	31	31	20	10	5	0	2	63	16	11245

Question 70e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	25	21	14	12	1	1	52	27	1552
2020	Non-visible minority	26	24	21	14	14	0	1	50	29	12136
2019	Visible minority	27	24	19	12	14	1	2	52	28	1457
2019	Non-visible minority	22	24	21	15	16	0	1	47	32	11703
2018	Visible minority	22	21	22	17	14	1	3	45	32	1087
2018	Non-visible minority	20	23	23	16	17	0	1	43	34	9275
2017	Visible minority	21	23	19	17	15	1	4	47	33	1184
2017	Non-visible minority	20	23	22	17	16	0	2	44	34	11282

Question 70f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	47	25	12	7	5	0	4	76	12	1557
2020	Non-visible minority	56	22	10	4	4	0	4	81	8	12141
2019	Visible minority	55	21	10	4	3	1	7	82	7	1459
2019	Non-visible minority	57	21	10	4	3	0	5	83	7	11705
2018	Visible minority	48	23	12	5	3	1	9	78	9	1091
2018	Non-visible minority	53	22	11	5	3	0	7	80	8	9276
2017	Visible minority	45	24	11	4	3	1	12	79	8	1184
2017	Non-visible minority	49	23	11	5	3	0	10	80	8	11250

Question 70g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	29	20	10	8	0	1	62	18	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	40	28	18	8	6	0	1	68	14	12150
2019	Visible minority	40	28	17	7	6	1	1	69	14	1463
2019	Non-visible minority	42	29	16	7	5	0	1	72	12	11708
2018	Visible minority	33	25	21	10	8	1	2	59	19	1094
2018	Non-visible minority	37	28	19	9	6	0	1	66	15	9296
2017	Visible minority	35	30	17	9	7	0	2	66	17	1180
2017	Non-visible minority	37	31	18	8	4	0	1	69	13	11238

Question 70h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and caregiving responsibilities (e.g., children, elderly, family member(s)) during the COVID-19 pandemic
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	24	19	10	8	0	7	59	20	1557
2020	Non-visible minority	38	24	16	8	7	0	6	67	16	12179

Question 70i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	32	33	19	8	5	1	2	67	14	1555
2020	Non-visible minority	34	33	18	8	5	0	1	68	14	12177
2019	Visible minority	30	34	18	9	5	1	2	66	15	1459
2019	Non-visible minority	30	35	20	9	5	0	1	66	14	11716
2018	Visible minority	24	29	24	11	7	2	3	56	18	1088
2018	Non-visible minority	27	33	23	10	6	0	1	60	16	9266
2017	Visible minority	29	31	21	10	5	1	3	62	16	1181
2017	Non-visible minority	29	32	21	10	5	0	1	63	16	11235

Question 70j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	33	21	9	6	1	1	63	15	1555
2020	Non-visible minority	29	32	21	11	6	0	0	61	17	12152
2019	Visible minority	29	30	21	12	6	1	2	61	18	1454
2019	Non-visible minority	25	34	22	12	7	0	1	59	19	11704
2018	Visible minority	24	28	23	14	7	1	3	54	22	1089
2018	Non-visible minority	23	32	24	13	7	0	1	55	20	9256
2017	Visible minority	25	32	21	10	7	1	3	59	19	1185
2017	Non-visible minority	24	31	23	13	7	0	1	56	21	11233

Question 70k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	31	18	10	6	1	1	66	16	1555
2020	Non-visible minority	34	31	18	9	6	0	0	66	16	12146
2019	Visible minority	29	31	19	11	8	1	2	61	20	1453
2019	Non-visible minority	32	31	20	10	6	0	1	63	17	11691
2018	Visible minority	27	29	19	15	7	1	2	58	22	1088
2018	Non-visible minority	29	30	21	11	7	0	1	60	19	9244
2017	Visible minority	29	32	16	12	7	1	3	63	20	1184
2017	Non-visible minority	31	30	20	11	7	0	1	62	18	11240

Question 70l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	38	28	14	9	9	1	1	68	18	1556
2020	Non-visible minority	44	26	14	8	7	0	1	71	16	12135
2019	Visible minority	37	25	16	9	10	1	2	64	19	1451
2019	Non-visible minority	41	27	15	9	8	0	1	69	16	11697

Question 70m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	32	18	10	6	0	1	66	16	1557
2020	Non-visible minority	37	30	18	9	5	0	1	67	15	12165

Question 70n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	32	21	9	5	1	1	64	15	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	36	31	18	9	5	0	0	68	14	12166
2019	Visible minority	36	33	17	7	5	0	2	71	12	1445
2019	Non-visible minority	37	33	17	8	4	0	1	71	12	11676
2018	Visible minority	27	29	25	11	4	1	2	59	16	1090
2018	Non-visible minority	33	32	19	10	4	0	1	66	15	9231
2017	Visible minority	33	29	18	9	6	1	4	66	15	1177
2017	Non-visible minority	35	31	18	9	5	1	2	67	14	11194

Question 70o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	46	26	15	6	4	1	2	75	10	1558
2020	Non-visible minority	48	29	14	5	3	0	1	78	8	12107
2019	Visible minority	53	24	11	5	4	1	2	79	9	1450
2019	Non-visible minority	51	27	13	5	3	0	1	78	8	11666
2018	Visible minority	48	27	12	5	3	1	4	78	9	1083
2018	Non-visible minority	51	26	13	5	3	0	2	79	8	9211
2017	Visible minority	53	24	11	4	4	0	4	80	8	1188
2017	Non-visible minority	53	27	12	5	2	0	1	81	7	11288

Question 70p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	30	32	21	9	6	0	1	62	16	1557
2020	Non-visible minority	32	34	20	9	5	0	0	67	13	12125

Question 70q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	57	22	8	3	2	1	5	85	6	1553
2020	Non-visible minority	68	17	7	2	1	1	3	89	4	12121
2019	Visible minority	64	16	7	2	3	1	7	86	6	1450
2019	Non-visible minority	70	15	6	2	2	1	5	89	4	11651
2018	Visible minority	59	20	10	3	3	1	5	83	7	1078
2018	Non-visible minority	67	17	7	2	2	1	4	88	4	9237

Question 70r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	65	14	6	5	5	1	3	83	11	1558
2020	Non-visible minority	77	11	5	2	3	1	1	90	5	12104
2019	Visible minority	60	16	8	5	7	2	3	79	13	1457
2019	Non-visible minority	72	13	6	4	4	0	1	86	7	11705
2018	Visible minority	55	17	9	5	8	2	4	77	14	1079
2018	Non-visible minority	69	13	7	4	4	1	2	85	8	9239
2017	Visible minority	61	15	7	5	6	2	4	80	12	1188
2017	Non-visible minority	71	15	6	4	3	1	2	88	6	11288

Question 70s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	62	21	6	4	3	0	2	86	7	1549
2020	Non-visible minority	63	23	8	3	2	0	1	87	5	12083
2019	Visible minority	55	24	10	5	4	1	2	81	9	1455
2019	Non-visible minority	52	29	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	11678
2018	Visible minority	50	26	12	6	3	1	2	78	10	1089
2018	Non-visible minority	51	29	12	5	3	0	1	81	8	9277
2017	Visible minority	53	25	11	5	3	0	3	81	8	1187
2017	Non-visible minority	51	30	10	5	3	0	1	82	7	11280

Question 70t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	62	17	7	5	6	0	2	81	11	1554
2020	Non-visible minority	63	19	9	5	4	0	1	82	9	12117
2019	Visible minority	54	19	10	6	8	1	2	75	14	1447
2019	Non-visible minority	57	21	10	5	5	0	1	79	10	11669
2018	Visible minority	48	22	11	8	7	1	2	72	16	1090
2018	Non-visible minority	51	23	12	7	6	0	1	75	13	9250
2017	Visible minority	53	21	9	6	7	1	3	77	14	1193
2017	Non-visible minority	55	23	10	6	5	0	1	80	11	11284

Question 70u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	61	12	5	2	2	1	18	89	4	1559
2020	Non-visible minority	61	12	5	2	1	0	18	91	4	12138
2019	Visible minority	58	11	6	3	1	1	20	88	5	1448
2019	Non-visible minority	58	13	5	2	1	0	21	89	4	11635
2018	Visible minority	51	13	8	3	2	1	23	83	6	1082
2018	Non-visible minority	53	13	5	2	1	0	25	88	4	9202
2017	Visible minority	53	14	5	3	2	1	22	87	7	1186
2017	Non-visible minority	55	14	5	2	1	0	22	89	4	11277

Question 70v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	66	19	6	2	2	1	5	90	4	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	67	21	7	2	1	0	2	90	3	12178
2019	Visible minority	65	17	7	2	2	1	7	89	4	1446
2019	Non-visible minority	67	20	7	2	1	0	3	90	3	11670
2018	Visible minority	59	19	7	2	2	1	9	87	5	1081
2018	Non-visible minority	63	21	7	2	1	0	5	89	4	9216
2017	Visible minority	62	17	7	3	1	1	9	88	5	1183
2017	Non-visible minority	65	20	7	2	1	0	6	90	3	11223

Question 70w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	68	16	6	4	3	1	2	87	7	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	75	15	5	2	2	0	1	92	4	12182
2019	Visible minority	68	15	5	3	4	1	4	88	7	1457
2019	Non-visible minority	75	13	5	2	2	0	2	91	4	11694
2018	Visible minority	63	16	6	3	4	1	5	85	8	1089
2018	Non-visible minority	71	14	6	3	2	0	3	89	5	9255
2017	Visible minority	62	17	6	4	5	1	5	84	9	1187
2017	Non-visible minority	69	17	6	3	2	1	3	89	5	11294

Question 70x. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	51	28	12	4	3	1	2	81	7	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	52	28	12	4	2	0	1	81	6	12179
2019	Visible minority	56	23	11	3	2	1	3	83	6	1449
2019	Non-visible minority	58	26	10	3	2	0	1	85	5	11658
2018	Visible minority	49	27	13	4	3	1	4	79	7	1086
2018	Non-visible minority	54	28	11	4	2	0	2	83	6	9238
2017	Visible minority	51	26	10	4	3	0	5	82	7	1187
2017	Non-visible minority	54	28	10	3	2	0	2	84	5	11262

Question 71. To what extent is stress from the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacting your ability to carry out day-to-day work responsibilities?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	39	22	8	5	0	0	65	13	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	25	41	22	7	4	0	0	66	11	12194

Question 72. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	36	32	10	5	0	0	53	16	1567
2020	Non-visible minority	18	34	31	12	4	0	0	52	17	12184
2019	Visible minority	23	34	29	9	4	0	1	57	13	1467
2019	Non-visible minority	20	34	30	11	4	0	0	55	15	11762
2018	Visible minority	18	31	34	12	4	0	1	49	16	1099
2018	Non-visible minority	18	33	32	12	5	0	0	51	17	9327
2017	Visible minority	18	33	33	11	4	1	1	51	15	1195
2017	Non-visible minority	16	31	35	12	5	0	0	47	17	11319

Question 73. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	16	39	24	11	1	0	35	26	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	10	19	35	24	12	0	0	36	29	12146
2019	Visible minority	8	14	38	26	13	0	1	40	22	1449
2019	Non-visible minority	9	17	35	25	13	0	0	39	26	11597
2018	Visible minority	8	16	38	24	12	0	1	37	24	1077
2018	Non-visible minority	10	18	34	24	13	0	0	38	28	9203
2017	Visible minority	7	14	40	25	11	1	2	37	22	1191
2017	Non-visible minority	8	18	38	23	13	0	0	36	26	11248

Question 74. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	40	39	13	5	2	1	0	80	7	1563
2020	Non-visible minority	35	39	15	7	3	1	0	75	10	12188
2019	Visible minority	30	41	16	5	4	4	0	74	10	1458
2019	Non-visible minority	28	39	18	9	5	2	0	68	13	11729
2018	Visible minority	30	40	15	7	4	4	0	73	11	1088
2018	Non-visible minority	26	39	19	9	5	2	0	66	15	9285
2017	Visible minority	32	37	15	7	4	4	1	72	12	1192
2017	Non-visible minority	23	39	19	9	6	3	0	64	16	11277

Question 75. I believe senior managers in my department or agency take adequate steps to support the mental health of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	33	16	8	4	2	0	72	12	1559
2020	Non-visible minority	33	33	16	10	6	2	0	67	17	12171

Question 76. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	28	14	10	9	2	1	67	19	1565
2020	Non-visible minority	37	29	13	11	9	1	0	66	21	12173

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	45	28	14	4	4	4	2	76	9	1550
2020	Non-visible minority	45	28	14	5	4	3	1	75	10	12121

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	35	33	17	8	5	3	0	70	13	1561
2020	Non-visible minority	32	33	16	10	7	1	0	66	18	12191
2019	Visible minority	27	36	18	9	7	3	0	65	17	1459
2019	Non-visible minority	23	36	18	12	9	1	0	60	21	11749
2018	Visible minority	26	36	18	9	7	3	0	64	17	1094
2018	Non-visible minority	22	35	19	13	9	1	0	59	22	9299
2017	Visible minority	25	37	17	10	8	3	1	64	18	1196
2017	Non-visible minority	19	37	19	14	10	2	0	57	24	11292

Question 79a. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Clear and easy to understand.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	39	8	5	2	0	0	84	8	1564
2020	Non-visible minority	36	39	11	10	3	0	0	76	14	12209

Question 79b. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Provided in a timely manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	37	10	5	3	0	0	82	8	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	38	36	12	10	5	0	0	74	15	12158

Question 79c. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Relevant to the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	36	16	5	1	1	2	77	7	1548
2020	Non-visible minority	35	37	17	7	3	1	1	73	10	12109

Question 79d. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Consistent with the information provided to me by my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	49	33	11	3	2	1	1	83	6	1560
2020	Non-visible minority	43	34	13	6	3	1	1	78	9	12159

Question 79e. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Available in both official languages.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	65	21	6	1	1	3	3	92	2	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	56	19	9	2	1	9	5	87	4	12169

Question 80. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, my department or agency has clearly communicated the mental health services and resources that are available to me.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	45	34	11	4	3	2	0	82	7	1553
2020	Non-visible minority	40	32	14	8	4	2	0	74	12	12149

Question 81. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	46	31	10	6	6	1	1	78	12	1548
2020	Non-visible minority	46	30	9	8	5	1	0	77	14	12133

Question 82. I am satisfied with the measures my department or agency is taking to protect my physical health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	49	31	11	4	4	1	0	81	8	1551
2020	Non-visible minority	44	31	10	8	5	0	0	76	14	12150

Question 84. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	47	14	8	4	2	2	73	13	364
2020	Non-visible minority	26	47	12	11	3	1	0	73	14	3361
2019	Visible minority	19	42	18	13	4	1	3	64	18	307
2019	Non-visible minority	22	45	14	11	4	1	2	69	16	3075

Question 85. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you managed any employees who have been working remotely? (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	89	11	365
2020	Non-visible minority	81	19	3363

Question 86. My department or agency has provided me with adequate training and/or resources to manage a remote team during the COVID-19 pandemic. (for supervisors who manage employees who have been working remotely)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	22	41	16	14	6	0	0	63	21	332
2020	Non-visible minority	25	42	16	13	5	0	0	66	18	2911

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 87. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, did you have workplace accommodation measures in place before the COVID-19 pandemic which are no longer being met?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	83	1553
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	12159

Question 88. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	1555
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	12163
2019	Visible minority	17	83	1466
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	11733
2017	Visible minority	19	81	1193
2017	Non-visible minority	15	85	11291
2014	Visible minority	17	83	1311
2014	Non-visible minority	15	85	13304

Question 89. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?
A disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society.

A barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	69	231
2020	Non-visible minority	50	50	1386

Question 90. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	81	19	229
2020	Non-visible minority	75	25	1384
2019	Visible minority	78	22	268
2019	Non-visible minority	79	21	1746
2017	Visible minority	75	25	231
2017	Non-visible minority	75	25	1688
2014	Visible minority	73	27	224
2014	Non-visible minority	77	23	1947

Question 91. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	47	35	10	3	3	1	84	6	185
2020	Non-visible minority	46	35	10	6	2	0	82	8	1047
2019	Visible minority	46	31	7	9	6	0	78	15	204
2019	Non-visible minority	48	32	7	8	4	0	81	12	1369
2017	Visible minority	49	37	3	5	6	1	86	10	179
2017	Non-visible minority	45	35	7	7	5	0	80	13	1280
2014	Visible minority	53	32	7	3	3	2	87	6	166
2014	Non-visible minority	49	33	6	8	3	0	83	11	1516

Question 92. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	31	10	5	3	3	3	80	9	1562
2020	Non-visible minority	44	31	11	6	3	2	3	79	9	12187

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Compensation

Question 93. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	27	51	21	2	65	35	1566
2020	Non-visible minority	33	51	15	1	61	39	12212

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 94. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	66	419
2020	Non-visible minority	34	66	3793

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 95. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	25	19	16	25	1	1	38	42	417
2020	Non-visible minority	11	20	17	20	27	1	4	32	50	3790

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 96. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	20	18	19	33	1	1	29	52	417
2020	Non-visible minority	6	16	15	22	39	1	2	23	62	3794

Question 97. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	46	18	11	6	7	3	10	73	15	1565
2020	Non-visible minority	44	17	12	8	8	1	9	69	17	12198
2019	Visible minority	42	19	12	9	10	1	7	67	20	1437
2019	Non-visible minority	40	17	14	11	12	1	6	61	24	11560
2018	Visible minority	40	16	14	9	10	2	8	63	22	1092
2018	Non-visible minority	40	15	14	10	13	1	7	59	26	9256

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Department of National Defence by Question 120. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack

Question 57h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Physical violence