2019 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Environment and Climate Change Canada by Question 110. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

The results of the 2019 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. Positive answers and Negative answers are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Survey Themes

My Job
My Work Unit
My Immediate Supervisor
Senior Management
My Organization (Department or Agency)
Mobility and Retention
Collective Agreements and Terms and Conditions of Employment
Harassment
Discrimination
Stress and Well-Being
Duty to Accommodate
Compensation

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My Job

Question 1. I have the materials and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	43	4	6	1	89	8	879
2019	Non-visible minority	40	44	5	9	2	84	12	4016
2017	Visible minority	39	45	4	9	3	84	12	733
2017	Non-visible minority	31	48	5	12	4	79	16	3803
2014	Visible minority	36	47	5	8	3	84	11	649
2014	Non-visible minority	32	49	5	10	4	81	14	3950
2011	Visible minority	35	49	4	9	3	85	11	607
2011	Non-visible minority	33	48	5	11	3	80	15	3751
2008	Visible minority	39	46	6	6	2	86	8	489
2008	Non-visible minority	35	48	5	9	3	83	12	3569

Question 2. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	72	17	4	3	2	1	91	5	874
2019	Non-visible minority	62	20	6	8	3	1	83	11	4006
2017	Visible minority	74	15	4	4	2	1	90	6	732
2017	Non-visible minority	60	19	7	9	4	1	80	13	3800
2014	Visible minority	70	20	3	5	2	1	91	6	649
2014	Non-visible minority	60	19	7	9	4	1	80	14	3949
2011	Visible minority	68	18	4	5	2	1	88	8	607
2011	Non-visible minority	59	18	6	10	5	1	78	15	3750
2008	Visible minority	69	20	2	4	2	3	92	6	487
2008	Non-visible minority	62	18	5	9	5	2	81	14	3567

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	31	6	8	3	0	82	11	876
2019	Non-visible minority	46	33	7	9	4	0	80	14	4016
2017	Visible minority	50	36	5	5	3	0	86	9	734
2017	Non-visible minority	45	36	6	8	4	0	82	12	3796
2014	Visible minority	49	36	6	6	3	0	85	9	649
2014	Non-visible minority	46	35	6	9	4	0	81	13	3948
2011	Visible minority	43	40	6	6	3	1	84	9	607
2011	Non-visible minority	41	40	8	8	4	0	81	12	3750

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	35	42	12	8	2	0	1	78	11	873
2019	Non-visible minority	33	42	12	10	3	0	0	76	13	4007
2018	Visible minority	30	44	10	11	4	0	1	75	15	708
2018	Non-visible minority	27	48	10	11	3	0	1	76	14	3635
2017	Visible minority	31	43	10	10	5	0	0	75	15	733
2017	Non-visible minority	29	42	12	12	4	0	0	72	16	3802
2014	Visible minority	29	41	12	12	4	0	1	71	17	648
2014	Non-visible minority	28	42	12	13	5	0	0	71	17	3950
2011	Visible minority	21	43	13	12	7	1	3	67	20	608
2011	Non-visible minority	24	43	14	13	5	0	1	68	18	3750
2008	Visible minority	24	37	16	12	9	0	2	62	21	488
2008	Non-visible minority	22	40	16	15	6	0	1	63	21	3570

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	50	36	8	4	1	87	5	864
2019	Non-visible minority	55	34	6	4	1	89	5	3994
2017	Visible minority	49	38	7	4	2	87	6	732
2017	Non-visible minority	52	36	6	4	1	89	6	3789
2014	Visible minority	49	38	8	4	1	87	5	648
2014	Non-visible minority	51	37	6	5	1	88	6	3944

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	29	9	5	4	1	1	82	9	876
2019	Non-visible minority	48	32	9	7	3	0	1	81	10	4009
2018	Visible minority	43	33	13	5	5	0	0	77	11	703
2018	Non-visible minority	44	35	10	7	3	0	0	80	10	3630
2017	Visible minority	46	33	10	5	5	1	0	80	10	734
2017	Non-visible minority	43	34	10	7	4	0	1	78	11	3794
2014	Visible minority	40	34	13	8	4	0	1	74	13	649
2014	Non-visible minority	39	34	12	9	5	1	1	74	14	3947
2011	Visible minority	34	39	13	7	5	1	1	75	12	607
2011	Non-visible minority	35	39	11	9	5	0	1	75	14	3753

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	39	10	5	4	0	81	9	872
2019	Non-visible minority	39	43	9	6	3	0	82	9	4016
2018	Visible minority	35	44	11	6	5	1	79	10	705
2018	Non-visible minority	34	45	10	7	3	0	80	10	3615
2017	Visible minority	36	44	8	7	4	0	81	12	734
2017	Non-visible minority	35	46	10	6	3	0	81	9	3801
2014	Visible minority	35	46	9	7	3	0	81	10	649
2014	Non-visible minority	30	47	11	9	4	0	76	13	3949
2011	Visible minority	33	42	13	6	5	0	75	12	609
2011	Non-visible minority	31	45	11	8	5	0	76	13	3753
2008	Visible minority	37	42	11	6	5	0	78	11	488
2008	Non-visible minority	32	44	11	9	4	0	76	13	3555

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	37	12	9	5	0	74	14	871
2019	Non-visible minority	34	38	13	10	5	0	72	14	4018
2018	Visible minority	30	36	16	10	7	0	66	18	706
2018	Non-visible minority	27	38	16	11	6	0	66	17	3625
2017	Visible minority	30	37	12	11	8	1	68	20	733
2017	Non-visible minority	27	39	15	12	7	0	66	19	3797
2014	Visible minority	25	37	15	14	8	0	62	22	649
2014	Non-visible minority	23	39	16	14	8	0	62	22	3949
2011	Visible minority	23	35	16	15	10	1	59	25	609
2011	Non-visible minority	20	38	17	15	9	0	58	25	3754

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	40	39	11	7	3	78	10	868
2019	Non-visible minority	32	45	11	9	3	77	12	3997
2018	Visible minority	32	42	14	8	4	74	12	704
2018	Non-visible minority	28	45	13	11	4	73	15	3630
2017	Visible minority	37	39	11	8	4	76	13	733
2017	Non-visible minority	30	44	12	10	4	74	14	3798

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	50	36	7	4	2	0	87	6	867
2019	Non-visible minority	44	40	9	5	2	0	84	7	4009
2018	Visible minority	52	37	6	3	2	0	89	4	707
2018	Non-visible minority	41	43	9	5	2	0	85	6	3629
2017	Visible minority	48	37	7	4	3	0	86	7	732
2017	Non-visible minority	39	42	9	6	3	0	82	9	3794
2014	Visible minority	44	42	7	4	3	1	87	7	648
2014	Non-visible minority	36	42	12	7	3	0	79	10	3948
2011	Visible minority	42	40	10	3	3	2	83	6	609
2011	Non-visible minority	31	45	12	7	4	1	77	11	3755
2008	Visible minority	45	39	8	5	2	0	85	7	489
2008	Non-visible minority	34	42	11	8	4	1	76	12	3565

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	36	12	7	4	0	77	11	869
2019	Non-visible minority	38	39	12	7	4	0	76	12	4013
2018	Visible minority	36	36	13	8	6	0	73	14	707
2018	Non-visible minority	31	42	12	9	5	0	73	14	3624
2017	Visible minority	33	38	13	9	7	1	71	16	733
2017	Non-visible minority	30	41	14	10	6	0	71	15	3790

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	53	34	8	3	2	0	87	4	863
2019	Non-visible minority	53	34	9	3	2	0	87	5	3991
2018	Visible minority	52	34	9	3	2	0	87	4	701
2018	Non-visible minority	48	38	9	3	2	0	86	5	3609
2017	Visible minority	55	32	8	4	2	0	87	5	733
2017	Non-visible minority	50	38	8	3	1	0	88	4	3788
2014	Visible minority	61	29	6	2	1	0	91	3	649
2014	Non-visible minority	55	33	8	3	1	0	88	4	3948
2011	Visible minority	57	30	8	3	1	1	87	4	608
2011	Non-visible minority	52	36	8	3	1	0	88	4	3751

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	38	36	13	8	4	0	74	12	867
2019	Non-visible minority	34	41	12	9	4	0	75	13	4001
2018	Visible minority	33	39	12	10	6	0	72	15	706
2018	Non-visible minority	29	43	13	10	5	0	72	15	3615
2017	Visible minority	31	42	12	9	5	0	74	14	731
2017	Non-visible minority	30	44	11	10	4	0	75	14	3787
2014	Visible minority	24	45	14	10	6	0	69	16	648
2014	Non-visible minority	23	44	14	13	6	0	67	19	3951
2011	Visible minority	27	39	16	9	8	1	67	17	607
2011	Non-visible minority	23	45	13	11	7	0	69	18	3751

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	32	14	7	4	1	75	11	871
2019	Non-visible minority	39	36	13	8	4	0	75	12	4023
2018	Visible minority	35	38	14	8	5	0	73	13	704
2018	Non-visible minority	35	37	14	10	4	0	72	14	3607
2017	Visible minority	36	37	12	8	7	0	73	14	732
2017	Non-visible minority	35	37	13	10	5	0	72	15	3789
2014	Visible minority	35	35	13	9	7	0	71	16	647
2014	Non-visible minority	31	37	15	11	6	0	68	17	3950

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	39	13	6	3	1	1	77	10	867
2019	Non-visible minority	32	42	13	9	3	0	0	75	12	3979
2018	Visible minority	30	39	16	10	5	0	1	70	14	706
2018	Non-visible minority	29	37	17	11	5	0	1	67	16	3611
2017	Visible minority	33	39	13	9	5	0	1	72	14	732
2017	Non-visible minority	29	39	16	10	5	0	1	68	15	3787
2014	Visible minority	33	38	16	8	5	0	0	71	13	647
2014	Non-visible minority	27	40	16	11	5	0	1	68	16	3948
2011	Visible minority	33	38	14	9	3	2	1	73	13	607
2011	Non-visible minority	28	43	14	10	4	1	1	72	13	3750

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	48	38	10	3	2	85	5	876
2019	Non-visible minority	46	39	9	4	2	85	6	4017
2018	Visible minority	42	39	11	3	3	82	6	706
2018	Non-visible minority	40	42	11	5	2	82	7	3627
2017	Visible minority	45	36	10	6	3	81	9	733
2017	Non-visible minority	40	43	9	5	2	83	8	3788
2014	Visible minority	45	40	10	4	2	85	5	648
2014	Non-visible minority	38	43	11	6	2	81	8	3948
2011	Visible minority	41	41	11	4	3	82	7	609
2011	Non-visible minority	38	45	9	6	2	82	8	3753
2008	Visible minority	44	39	8	6	2	83	9	488
2008	Non-visible minority	39	44	9	6	2	83	8	3566

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	38	14	5	2	1	79	7	873
2019	Non-visible minority	35	35	16	8	5	0	70	13	4005
2018	Visible minority	35	37	17	7	3	0	72	11	708
2018	Non-visible minority	32	33	19	9	6	1	65	16	3633
2017	Visible minority	38	40	13	5	3	1	79	8	733
2017	Non-visible minority	32	36	18	7	5	1	69	13	3804
2014	Visible minority	34	42	16	5	3	1	76	8	649
2014	Non-visible minority	30	35	19	9	6	1	66	15	3948
2011	Visible minority	31	40	18	6	4	1	72	10	609
2011	Non-visible minority	27	36	20	10	7	1	63	17	3755
2008	Visible minority	25	38	23	8	6	1	63	14	486
2008	Non-visible minority	22	34	22	13	8	0	57	21	3569

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	19	36	23	10	1	2	34	28	875
2019	Non-visible minority	7	22	39	21	9	1	1	30	30	4017
2018	Visible minority	9	22	38	21	7	1	1	29	32	706
2018	Non-visible minority	8	26	39	20	6	1	1	26	34	3636
2017	Visible minority	10	19	38	20	7	1	5	29	31	726
2017	Non-visible minority	9	23	39	18	8	1	2	27	32	3784
2014	Visible minority	9	22	39	19	7	1	2	27	32	648
2014	Non-visible minority	8	28	39	17	5	1	1	23	37	3944
2011	Visible minority	15	24	34	14	6	1	5	21	42	608
2011	Non-visible minority	12	32	36	14	4	1	1	19	45	3745
2008	Visible minority	13	30	36	14	3	1	3	17	45	483
2008	Non-visible minority	13	34	35	12	4	1	1	16	47	3560

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	5	12	27	29	20	5	3	53	18	874
2019	Non-visible minority	7	15	30	29	16	2	1	46	23	4000
2018	Visible minority	8	16	29	26	15	3	2	44	26	700
2018	Non-visible minority	9	20	31	25	12	2	1	38	29	3622
2017	Visible minority	8	14	29	22	15	5	7	42	25	728
2017	Non-visible minority	10	19	30	24	12	3	3	38	30	3777
2014	Visible minority	10	15	30	24	14	4	3	40	27	645
2014	Non-visible minority	10	23	32	22	9	3	2	32	34	3944
2011	Visible minority	21	20	29	15	7	4	5	24	45	606
2011	Non-visible minority	19	28	29	14	5	2	2	20	49	3747
2008	Visible minority	18	26	28	15	7	3	3	23	47	488
2008	Non-visible minority	22	30	27	13	5	2	2	19	53	3561

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	17	19	30	18	9	4	3	29	39	873
2019	Non-visible minority	18	27	29	15	8	2	1	23	47	4013
2018	Visible minority	21	25	27	15	8	3	2	24	48	705
2018	Non-visible minority	21	29	27	14	5	2	1	20	52	3631
2017	Visible minority	17	24	30	13	8	3	6	23	45	729
2017	Non-visible minority	22	28	29	11	6	1	3	18	52	3785
2014	Visible minority	22	25	28	11	7	4	4	19	50	647
2014	Non-visible minority	30	28	25	9	4	1	2	14	60	3947
2011	Visible minority	23	26	28	10	5	3	5	16	54	605
2011	Non-visible minority	28	31	25	9	4	1	2	14	61	3745
2008	Visible minority	30	29	23	9	2	2	4	12	63	485
2008	Non-visible minority	33	28	22	9	4	1	2	14	64	3560

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	6	13	27	31	20	1	2	53	19	863
2019	Non-visible minority	7	19	32	27	14	1	1	41	26	3997
2018	Visible minority	9	14	31	30	14	1	1	45	23	707
2018	Non-visible minority	9	19	34	26	10	1	1	37	29	3616
2017	Visible minority	8	13	30	24	17	2	4	45	23	726
2017	Non-visible minority	8	18	34	24	13	1	2	38	27	3770
2014	Visible minority	7	17	29	28	15	1	3	45	25	646
2014	Non-visible minority	9	21	35	25	8	1	1	34	30	3928
2011	Visible minority	9	15	35	25	9	2	4	37	26	605
2011	Non-visible minority	11	23	34	23	7	0	2	31	35	3742
2008	Visible minority	9	16	35	26	8	1	4	36	27	487
2008	Non-visible minority	13	23	32	21	8	1	1	30	36	3557

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	17	27	21	18	3	3	41	30	874
2019	Non-visible minority	15	22	29	19	12	2	2	32	38	4009
2018	Visible minority	14	23	28	20	12	2	2	33	38	706
2018	Non-visible minority	18	26	28	16	8	2	2	26	45	3631
2017	Visible minority	15	21	27	17	13	3	5	32	39	728
2017	Non-visible minority	19	25	28	14	9	1	3	24	46	3784
2014	Visible minority	14	25	28	16	11	2	3	28	42	648
2014	Non-visible minority	21	28	26	13	7	2	3	21	52	3940
2011	Visible minority	23	24	26	15	6	2	4	22	51	605
2011	Non-visible minority	25	30	27	10	5	1	2	16	56	3750
2008	Visible minority	18	21	33	17	6	1	5	24	41	486
2008	Non-visible minority	22	27	27	14	6	1	3	21	52	3557

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	11	23	25	20	6	5	51	22	869
2019	Non-visible minority	8	18	27	26	17	2	2	45	27	4001
2018	Visible minority	10	15	28	23	15	5	3	42	28	701
2018	Non-visible minority	10	20	29	24	12	3	2	38	31	3615
2017	Visible minority	10	13	25	20	16	6	10	43	27	725
2017	Non-visible minority	11	17	28	23	15	3	4	40	30	3785
2014	Visible minority	7	14	24	29	14	5	6	48	24	647
2014	Non-visible minority	8	16	29	28	13	3	4	43	25	3942
2011	Visible minority	11	18	26	20	11	5	9	36	34	605
2011	Non-visible minority	10	18	28	25	12	2	4	40	30	3742
2008	Visible minority	14	19	28	18	7	6	8	30	38	487
2008	Non-visible minority	16	24	27	18	9	2	4	29	42	3562

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	14	15	28	21	14	4	4	38	31	870
2019	Non-visible minority	16	25	30	16	9	2	1	26	43	4011
2018	Visible minority	18	19	29	16	11	5	2	29	40	703
2018	Non-visible minority	19	28	31	13	7	2	1	21	48	3631
2017	Visible minority	16	19	26	16	10	5	7	31	40	728
2017	Non-visible minority	21	25	31	12	7	2	3	19	48	3787
2014	Visible minority	16	19	31	16	9	3	5	27	38	647
2014	Non-visible minority	21	27	30	12	5	2	2	18	50	3944

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... Unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	7	16	34	23	16	2	2	40	24	870
2019	Non-visible minority	10	22	36	21	10	0	1	31	32	4013

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My Work Unit

Question 19. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	75	14	5	2	2	0	2	91	4	874
2019	Non-visible minority	68	17	6	5	2	0	3	87	7	4014
2017	Visible minority	74	17	3	2	1	0	2	93	4	733
2017	Non-visible minority	66	17	6	5	3	0	3	86	8	3802
2014	Visible minority	76	13	4	3	2	1	2	91	4	649
2014	Non-visible minority	68	16	5	5	2	0	3	87	8	3949
2011	Visible minority	68	17	6	3	2	1	5	89	5	608
2011	Non-visible minority	63	18	6	7	3	0	4	84	10	3752
2008	Visible minority	65	17	4	3	3	1	8	89	6	487
2008	Non-visible minority	65	15	5	5	4	0	6	85	10	3566

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	36	30	13	5	5	5	6	74	11	873
2019	Non-visible minority	33	30	14	8	4	7	5	70	14	4015
2018	Visible minority	24	33	18	8	5	6	5	64	15	705
2018	Non-visible minority	24	35	17	9	5	6	4	66	16	3626
2017	Visible minority	29	30	13	8	7	7	4	68	17	731
2017	Non-visible minority	28	32	14	9	6	5	5	68	16	3801
2014	Visible minority	34	28	15	8	5	6	5	69	14	648
2014	Non-visible minority	30	33	14	9	6	5	4	69	16	3948

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	53	28	6	7	5	1	82	12	875
2019	Non-visible minority	52	30	7	7	3	1	83	10	4016
2018	Visible minority	43	31	9	10	6	1	75	16	704
2018	Non-visible minority	44	33	9	9	4	1	77	13	3617
2017	Visible minority	44	29	10	9	7	0	73	17	733
2017	Non-visible minority	46	32	9	8	5	1	78	13	3799
2014	Visible minority	46	29	9	8	8	1	75	16	649
2014	Non-visible minority	45	33	8	8	5	1	78	13	3950

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	60	28	6	4	3	0	88	6	874
2019	Non-visible minority	59	29	6	5	2	0	88	6	4002
2018	Visible minority	52	34	7	4	2	0	86	7	704
2018	Non-visible minority	51	36	6	5	2	0	87	7	3628
2017	Visible minority	50	33	9	5	3	0	83	8	734
2017	Non-visible minority	50	35	6	6	2	0	86	8	3798
2014	Visible minority	47	34	9	6	3	1	82	9	648
2014	Non-visible minority	48	39	7	5	2	0	87	7	3947

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	52	33	8	4	2	1	86	6	876
2019	Non-visible minority	51	36	8	4	2	1	87	5	4015
2018	Visible minority	41	41	10	3	3	1	83	6	705
2018	Non-visible minority	43	41	10	4	2	1	84	6	3629

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	50	27	13	4	3	1	3	80	7	877
2019	Non-visible minority	52	28	12	4	1	1	2	82	6	4010

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	30	9	5	4	0	1	82	9	874
2019	Non-visible minority	43	34	11	8	3	0	1	78	11	4021
2018	Visible minority	45	32	11	5	6	1	1	77	11	703
2018	Non-visible minority	38	38	11	8	4	1	0	76	12	3620
2017	Visible minority	45	33	9	7	5	1	0	79	12	732
2017	Non-visible minority	39	38	10	8	4	1	1	77	12	3802
2014	Visible minority	43	34	9	8	5	0	0	78	13	648
2014	Non-visible minority	36	38	11	8	5	1	0	75	13	3950
2011	Visible minority	36	37	14	7	5	1	1	74	13	608
2011	Non-visible minority	32	39	13	10	6	0	0	71	16	3750
2008	Visible minority	33	33	15	10	9	1	1	66	19	487
2008	Non-visible minority	26	38	13	12	9	1	1	65	22	3568

Question 26. I can count on my immediate supervisor to keep his or her promises.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	28	7	5	4	1	0	84	8	875
2019	Non-visible minority	53	28	10	5	2	2	0	82	8	4015
2018	Visible minority	51	27	9	6	4	2	1	80	11	701
2018	Non-visible minority	47	31	11	6	3	2	1	80	9	3616
2017	Visible minority	47	29	8	7	6	1	1	78	13	733
2017	Non-visible minority	47	34	9	6	3	2	0	82	9	3800
2014	Visible minority	44	33	10	7	4	2	1	79	11	647
2014	Non-visible minority	44	32	11	6	4	2	1	79	10	3948
2011	Visible minority	39	33	13	8	4	2	1	74	13	608
2011	Non-visible minority	38	35	12	8	4	2	0	75	12	3753
2008	Visible minority	36	31	11	10	7	4	1	71	17	486
2008	Non-visible minority	37	33	12	9	6	2	1	72	15	3564

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	52	29	9	6	4	0	1	82	9	868
2019	Non-visible minority	48	33	9	7	3	0	1	81	9	4004
2018	Visible minority	46	32	8	6	6	1	1	79	12	701
2018	Non-visible minority	42	35	11	8	4	1	0	77	12	3606
2017	Visible minority	48	30	9	7	6	1	0	78	13	732
2017	Non-visible minority	43	36	9	8	4	1	0	80	12	3798
2014	Visible minority	41	36	10	8	4	1	0	78	12	648
2014	Non-visible minority	41	35	11	8	4	1	0	76	13	3951
2011	Visible minority	37	36	11	9	6	1	1	74	15	608
2011	Non-visible minority	35	37	11	11	5	0	0	73	17	3752
2008	Visible minority	36	31	11	11	9	1	1	68	21	486
2008	Non-visible minority	32	37	11	11	8	0	0	69	20	3568

Question 28. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	84	10	2	1	1	0	2	96	2	874
2019	Non-visible minority	82	10	3	2	1	0	2	94	3	4010
2017	Visible minority	81	12	3	1	1	0	2	95	2	732
2017	Non-visible minority	80	11	3	2	1	0	2	94	3	3796
2014	Visible minority	80	14	2	1	0	0	2	96	2	648
2014	Non-visible minority	78	11	3	2	2	0	3	93	4	3950
2011	Visible minority	75	13	3	2	2	1	4	93	3	608
2011	Non-visible minority	76	12	3	3	2	0	4	92	4	3752
2008	Visible minority	76	12	3	1	1	0	6	95	3	488
2008	Non-visible minority	79	9	3	2	2	0	5	93	4	3566

Question 29. Subject to operational requirements, my immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work arrangements (e.g., flexible hours, compressed workweeks, telework).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	61	22	6	3	4	1	3	87	7	878
2019	Non-visible minority	63	20	6	4	3	2	2	86	7	4010
2017	Visible minority	52	22	6	5	4	5	5	83	11	732
2017	Non-visible minority	53	26	6	5	3	3	4	85	9	3798
2014	Visible minority	47	26	8	4	6	4	5	80	11	649
2014	Non-visible minority	49	26	7	5	4	3	5	82	10	3949
2011	Visible minority	43	28	11	8	6	3	3	75	14	607
2011	Non-visible minority	42	31	9	7	6	2	4	77	14	3750

Question 30. My immediate supervisor seems to care about me as a person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	63	21	8	4	3	1	85	6	875
2019	Non-visible minority	66	21	7	2	2	1	89	4	4020
2018	Visible minority	56	26	8	4	4	2	83	9	701
2018	Non-visible minority	58	26	8	4	3	1	85	7	3611
2017	Visible minority	58	23	9	5	5	1	82	10	733
2017	Non-visible minority	60	24	8	3	3	1	85	7	3800

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	58	26	8	5	3	84	8	875
2019	Non-visible minority	54	29	8	6	3	84	9	4022
2018	Visible minority	52	27	10	5	6	79	12	702
2018	Non-visible minority	48	30	10	7	4	78	11	3618
2017	Visible minority	53	25	10	7	6	78	12	731
2017	Non-visible minority	53	28	8	6	4	81	10	3794
2014	Visible minority	48	30	9	7	5	79	12	649
2014	Non-visible minority	48	30	11	7	4	78	11	3948

Question 33. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	22	28	26	11	4	3	5	55	17	172
2019	Non-visible minority	17	46	17	13	4	2	2	65	17	1237

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Senior Management

Question 34. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	29	12	4	3	10	0	78	9	875
2019	Non-visible minority	33	34	15	6	4	8	0	73	12	4013
2018	Visible minority	32	32	15	5	6	9	0	71	12	708
2018	Non-visible minority	27	34	17	9	4	9	0	67	14	3636
2017	Visible minority	32	29	16	6	6	11	0	69	14	734
2017	Non-visible minority	27	35	15	9	5	9	0	68	15	3800
2014	Visible minority	33	29	15	7	4	10	1	70	13	649
2014	Non-visible minority	24	34	16	9	6	11	0	66	16	3947
2011	Visible minority	23	27	20	10	7	11	1	58	20	602
2011	Non-visible minority	18	32	20	12	9	9	0	55	23	3752

Question 35. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	38	31	15	8	4	4	1	71	13	873
2019	Non-visible minority	27	35	17	11	7	3	0	64	18	4003
2018	Visible minority	27	35	17	10	7	4	1	65	17	705
2018	Non-visible minority	22	34	19	15	8	3	0	57	23	3630
2017	Visible minority	28	32	17	9	8	5	1	64	18	732
2017	Non-visible minority	20	34	19	14	9	3	0	56	24	3799
2014	Visible minority	29	29	20	12	6	4	0	61	18	649
2014	Non-visible minority	17	34	20	16	10	3	0	53	26	3946
2011	Visible minority	20	25	25	15	12	3	1	47	28	604
2011	Non-visible minority	12	27	22	20	17	3	0	40	38	3752
2008	Visible minority	20	28	20	13	12	6	1	52	27	488
2008	Non-visible minority	14	27	21	19	17	3	0	42	36	3572

Question 36. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	27	29	18	12	6	8	1	61	19	872
2019	Non-visible minority	18	32	19	15	9	6	0	54	26	4004
2018	Visible minority	19	29	22	13	9	8	0	53	23	705
2018	Non-visible minority	14	29	21	20	11	6	0	45	32	3626
2017	Visible minority	19	29	20	11	10	9	1	54	23	732
2017	Non-visible minority	13	29	21	18	12	6	0	45	32	3795
2014	Visible minority	19	29	22	13	9	8	0	52	24	647
2014	Non-visible minority	10	27	24	20	13	6	0	40	35	3947
2011	Visible minority	12	27	21	18	12	9	0	43	33	604
2011	Non-visible minority	6	24	21	27	16	6	0	31	46	3747
2008	Visible minority	11	22	21	20	16	9	1	37	40	487
2008	Non-visible minority	6	22	19	25	21	6	0	30	49	3565

Question 37. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	26	31	17	13	8	5	0	60	22	873
2019	Non-visible minority	17	33	19	18	11	3	0	51	29	4011
2018	Visible minority	17	34	18	16	9	5	0	54	27	706
2018	Non-visible minority	13	31	19	22	12	3	0	45	35	3633
2017	Visible minority	19	30	19	14	10	6	1	53	26	732
2017	Non-visible minority	14	32	19	19	12	4	0	48	32	3793
2014	Visible minority	19	33	19	16	8	5	0	55	25	648
2014	Non-visible minority	11	33	20	20	13	3	0	45	34	3943
2011	Visible minority	15	30	16	19	14	5	1	49	34	605
2011	Non-visible minority	7	29	20	24	18	2	0	36	43	3744
2008	Visible minority	16	31	18	19	13	4	1	49	33	487
2008	Non-visible minority	9	31	19	24	15	2	0	41	40	3569

Question 38. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	23	9	4	4	11	1	81	9	878
2019	Non-visible minority	44	25	12	5	3	10	2	77	9	4022

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	32	41	15	8	2	2	75	10	876
2019	Non-visible minority	23	44	18	10	4	1	68	14	4016
2018	Visible minority	27	41	18	9	4	2	69	13	710
2018	Non-visible minority	18	44	20	11	4	1	64	16	3635
2017	Visible minority	26	42	17	7	5	2	70	12	731
2017	Non-visible minority	20	43	19	12	5	1	64	17	3792
2014	Visible minority	26	41	17	10	4	2	69	14	649
2014	Non-visible minority	17	42	20	14	6	2	60	20	3946
2011	Visible minority	18	38	18	13	9	2	58	23	609
2011	Non-visible minority	11	37	21	18	10	2	50	29	3751

Question 40. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	21	34	22	10	6	6	0	59	18	868
2019	Non-visible minority	13	33	23	19	7	4	0	48	27	3991

Question 41. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	35	37	13	6	4	3	2	76	11	872
2019	Non-visible minority	35	41	12	7	3	2	1	77	10	4014
2018	Visible minority	31	43	11	7	4	3	2	77	11	707
2018	Non-visible minority	31	43	12	8	3	2	1	76	11	3625
2017	Visible minority	36	37	12	5	4	3	2	77	10	733
2017	Non-visible minority	34	41	11	8	3	2	1	77	12	3788
2014	Visible minority	40	36	12	5	2	4	1	81	7	649
2014	Non-visible minority	39	41	9	6	2	2	1	83	8	3944
2011	Visible minority	30	40	13	6	4	5	2	75	11	608
2011	Non-visible minority	31	40	12	8	5	4	1	74	14	3748
2008	Visible minority	28	34	14	10	7	4	2	67	18	487
2008	Non-visible minority	27	37	14	12	6	3	1	67	19	3568

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	39	38	16	4	3	2	78	6	871
2019	Non-visible minority	34	41	17	5	2	2	76	7	4007
2018	Visible minority	35	36	17	6	3	3	73	9	706
2018	Non-visible minority	29	43	19	5	2	1	74	8	3615

Question 43. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	26	24	19	9	9	10	3	58	21	872
2019	Non-visible minority	22	28	18	11	8	10	3	57	22	4008
2018	Visible minority	20	30	21	10	8	9	3	56	20	706
2018	Non-visible minority	19	28	18	14	9	9	2	54	26	3629
2017	Visible minority	21	24	16	9	14	11	4	53	27	732
2017	Non-visible minority	18	28	16	14	10	10	3	53	28	3792
2014	Visible minority	17	25	17	12	13	11	4	49	30	649
2014	Non-visible minority	16	26	17	16	12	11	2	48	32	3949
2011	Visible minority	13	23	18	16	14	12	4	43	36	603
2011	Non-visible minority	12	23	18	17	14	13	3	42	37	3750

Question 44. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	27	32	19	12	6	4	0	62	19	874
2019	Non-visible minority	23	36	18	13	7	3	0	60	21	4014
2018	Visible minority	24	34	17	11	10	4	0	60	22	704
2018	Non-visible minority	20	36	19	16	8	2	0	57	24	3629
2017	Visible minority	25	34	15	10	10	5	1	62	22	731
2017	Non-visible minority	21	37	15	15	8	2	0	61	23	3796
2014	Visible minority	23	33	17	14	10	3	1	58	24	648
2014	Non-visible minority	20	36	17	16	9	2	0	57	25	3947
2011	Visible minority	16	35	19	15	13	2	1	52	29	607
2011	Non-visible minority	16	35	19	17	11	1	0	52	29	3751
2008	Visible minority	15	37	15	16	13	2	1	54	30	489
2008	Non-visible minority	14	33	20	18	13	2	0	48	31	3570

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	25	27	15	13	13	4	4	56	28	876
2019	Non-visible minority	22	31	15	14	13	3	2	56	28	4023
2018	Visible minority	21	28	16	14	15	3	3	52	31	707
2018	Non-visible minority	20	31	16	16	14	2	2	53	31	3635
2017	Visible minority	18	26	13	16	19	4	5	48	38	733
2017	Non-visible minority	18	29	15	16	16	3	2	50	34	3792
2014	Visible minority	14	26	16	17	20	4	2	42	40	649
2014	Non-visible minority	16	29	15	18	19	2	2	46	38	3948
2011	Visible minority	14	24	15	21	21	3	2	40	44	609
2011	Non-visible minority	12	26	17	21	21	2	2	39	44	3750
2008	Visible minority	18	30	13	14	21	3	1	49	37	488
2008	Non-visible minority	15	33	13	18	18	2	2	49	37	3565

Question 46a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	54	28	8	3	3	1	3	86	6	875
2019	Non-visible minority	49	26	14	5	3	1	4	78	8	4019

Question 46b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	48	15	11	6	5	3	11	74	13	874
2019	Non-visible minority	56	14	8	4	5	1	10	80	11	4018

Question 46c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	25	13	7	4	2	4	75	11	872
2019	Non-visible minority	46	26	15	5	2	2	3	76	8	4012

Question 46d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to developmental programs
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	39	23	14	8	7	4	6	68	16	868
2019	Non-visible minority	44	22	15	6	4	4	5	73	11	4003

Question 46e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of opportunities in my region
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	39	17	15	9	10	4	6	63	21	874
2019	Non-visible minority	44	16	13	10	10	3	5	65	21	4006

Question 46f. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Level of education
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	68	14	6	2	2	3	5	90	4	868
2019	Non-visible minority	71	13	6	2	2	1	4	89	4	4015

Question 46g. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	63	13	7	3	4	7	4	84	8	866
2019	Non-visible minority	81	6	3	1	1	3	4	94	3	4006

Question 46h. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	73	9	4	1	1	2	10	92	3	870
2019	Non-visible minority	81	6	2	1	1	1	8	96	2	4014

Question 47. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	24	37	21	8	3	6	0	66	12	874
2019	Non-visible minority	21	45	18	9	3	3	0	68	13	4015
2018	Visible minority	20	38	21	7	7	6	1	62	15	706
2018	Non-visible minority	20	41	22	10	4	3	0	62	15	3628
2017	Visible minority	19	35	22	10	6	7	1	59	18	730
2017	Non-visible minority	19	42	20	11	4	3	0	63	16	3797

Question 48. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	39	11	4	4	1	81	8	875
2019	Non-visible minority	38	41	12	4	2	2	81	7	4003
2018	Visible minority	41	36	11	6	3	2	79	10	703
2018	Non-visible minority	39	42	11	4	1	2	83	6	3623
2017	Visible minority	39	37	12	6	3	2	79	9	733
2017	Non-visible minority	36	43	11	5	2	3	82	7	3793
2014	Visible minority	40	37	12	5	4	2	78	9	646
2014	Non-visible minority	37	41	12	4	2	3	81	6	3948
2011	Visible minority	27	39	16	7	5	5	70	13	606
2011	Non-visible minority	24	43	18	8	4	4	70	12	3746

Question 49. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.
A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	46	34	11	4	3	2	0	82	7	874
2019	Non-visible minority	44	34	13	3	2	4	0	82	5	4009
2018	Visible minority	38	34	13	6	4	4	0	76	11	705
2018	Non-visible minority	38	37	15	3	1	5	0	80	5	3622
2017	Visible minority	33	35	14	7	5	6	1	72	13	734
2017	Non-visible minority	34	38	15	4	2	6	1	78	6	3795
2014	Visible minority	40	31	14	5	5	5	0	75	10	648
2014	Non-visible minority	38	37	14	3	1	7	0	81	4	3945

Question 50. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	32	8	2	3	0	88	5	874
2019	Non-visible minority	53	33	8	4	2	0	87	5	4014
2018	Visible minority	49	37	7	3	3	1	87	6	706
2018	Non-visible minority	46	39	9	4	2	0	86	5	3621
2017	Visible minority	46	37	10	4	3	0	83	7	734
2017	Non-visible minority	44	40	9	5	2	0	84	7	3797
2014	Visible minority	47	37	10	4	2	0	84	6	648
2014	Non-visible minority	44	39	10	4	2	0	83	7	3943
2011	Visible minority	34	40	15	6	4	1	75	10	606
2011	Non-visible minority	29	42	15	8	5	1	72	13	3748
2008	Visible minority	36	35	17	8	4	1	71	12	489
2008	Non-visible minority	28	41	16	10	5	1	69	15	3568

Question 51. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	48	31	14	4	3	0	79	7	871
2019	Non-visible minority	43	35	13	5	3	0	79	8	4013
2018	Visible minority	41	33	17	5	3	1	75	8	705
2018	Non-visible minority	37	36	16	7	3	0	74	11	3622
2017	Visible minority	39	35	16	5	4	2	75	9	731
2017	Non-visible minority	33	37	16	8	4	1	71	13	3798
2014	Visible minority	35	36	18	8	3	1	71	11	649
2014	Non-visible minority	26	38	18	12	5	1	65	17	3949
2011	Visible minority	26	34	22	10	7	1	61	17	608
2011	Non-visible minority	18	33	22	16	10	1	51	26	3746

Question 52. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	34	14	4	3	0	79	7	868
2019	Non-visible minority	41	37	11	7	3	0	78	10	3992
2018	Visible minority	38	38	15	4	3	1	77	8	700
2018	Non-visible minority	34	39	15	8	3	0	74	11	3612
2017	Visible minority	37	36	16	6	4	1	73	10	730
2017	Non-visible minority	31	41	14	9	4	0	72	14	3792
2014	Visible minority	33	37	17	9	3	0	71	12	649
2014	Non-visible minority	24	39	18	13	5	0	64	19	3946
2011	Visible minority	24	37	19	11	7	1	62	18	606
2011	Non-visible minority	17	35	20	18	10	0	53	27	3745
2008	Visible minority	24	41	17	12	5	0	66	17	488
2008	Non-visible minority	18	38	18	17	9	0	57	26	3569

Question 53. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	38	25	20	8	6	3	0	65	15	876
2019	Non-visible minority	40	27	17	8	5	3	1	70	13	4023
2018	Visible minority	31	30	18	9	6	4	1	64	16	706
2018	Non-visible minority	34	29	19	10	5	3	1	66	15	3624
2017	Visible minority	32	27	20	10	7	5	1	61	18	732
2017	Non-visible minority	34	28	18	9	6	5	1	66	16	3793
2014	Visible minority	28	28	18	13	7	5	1	59	21	649
2014	Non-visible minority	29	28	19	11	7	5	1	61	19	3947
2011	Visible minority	27	27	19	11	10	5	1	58	23	608
2011	Non-visible minority	27	27	18	13	8	5	1	57	23	3746
2008	Visible minority	22	31	16	15	11	4	1	56	27	486
2008	Non-visible minority	23	32	18	14	8	5	1	58	23	3568

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Mobility and Retention

Question 54. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	29	33	38	876
2019	Non-visible minority	27	40	33	4025
2018	Visible minority	30	36	33	710
2018	Non-visible minority	27	41	32	3641
2017	Visible minority	30	35	36	733
2017	Non-visible minority	26	42	32	3799
2014	Visible minority	26	38	36	649
2014	Non-visible minority	26	42	32	3947
2011	Visible minority	28	38	34	608
2011	Non-visible minority	25	43	31	3752

Question 55. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	6	22	29	4	33	6	260
2019	Non-visible minority	17	29	23	5	21	4	1099
2018	Visible minority	6	26	27	5	29	7	222
2018	Non-visible minority	17	33	25	4	14	6	1010
2017	Visible minority	6	22	33	4	29	6	213
2017	Non-visible minority	18	27	27	7	16	4	981
2014	Visible minority	7	23	39	8	9999	24	178
2014	Non-visible minority	15	30	30	11	9999	15	1044
2011	Visible minority	7	23	47	12	9999	11	171
2011	Non-visible minority	18	23	38	9	9999	13	968

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Collective Agreements and Terms and Conditions of Employment

Question 56. I am familiar with the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	33	44	11	6	2	1	3	80	9	876
2019	Non-visible minority	35	48	7	6	2	1	2	85	8	4013

Question 57. My immediate supervisor respects the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	25	7	2	1	6	3	89	3	877
2019	Non-visible minority	57	28	7	2	1	4	2	90	3	4019

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.
Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	89	875
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	4018
2018	Visible minority	13	87	707
2018	Non-visible minority	10	90	3629

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	51	95
2019	Non-visible minority	44	56	360
2018	Visible minority	48	52	89
2018	Non-visible minority	46	54	366

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	63	37	95
2019	Non-visible minority	60	40	360
2018	Visible minority	70	30	89
2018	Non-visible minority	62	38	366

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	5	95	95
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	360
2018	Visible minority	6	94	89
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	366

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	91	95
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	360

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	32	68	94
2019	Non-visible minority	33	67	356
2018	Visible minority	41	59	88
2018	Non-visible minority	39	61	367

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	58	94
2019	Non-visible minority	40	60	356
2018	Visible minority	54	46	88
2018	Non-visible minority	42	58	367

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	48	52	94
2019	Non-visible minority	49	51	356
2018	Visible minority	51	49	88
2018	Non-visible minority	45	55	367

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	63	94
2019	Non-visible minority	40	60	356
2018	Visible minority	37	63	88
2018	Non-visible minority	38	62	367

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	34	66	94
2019	Non-visible minority	33	67	356
2018	Visible minority	32	68	88
2018	Non-visible minority	37	63	367

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	49	94
2019	Non-visible minority	51	49	356
2018	Visible minority	56	44	88
2018	Non-visible minority	52	48	367

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	24	76	94
2019	Non-visible minority	32	68	356
2018	Visible minority	33	67	88
2018	Non-visible minority	33	67	367

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	94
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	356
2018	Visible minority	9	91	88
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	367

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	5	95	94
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	356
2018	Visible minority	13	87	88
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	367

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	58	94
2019	Non-visible minority	44	56	356
2018	Visible minority	52	48	88
2018	Non-visible minority	39	61	367

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	18	82	94
2019	Non-visible minority	23	77	356
2018	Visible minority	19	81	88
2018	Non-visible minority	23	77	367

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	89	94
2019	Non-visible minority	16	84	356
2018	Visible minority	13	87	88
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	367

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	47	53	93
2019	Non-visible minority	58	42	356
2018	Visible minority	51	49	88
2018	Non-visible minority	55	45	368

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	24	76	93
2019	Non-visible minority	31	69	356
2018	Visible minority	31	69	88
2018	Non-visible minority	29	71	368

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	93
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	356
2018	Visible minority	8	92	88
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	368

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	16	84	93
2019	Non-visible minority	19	81	356
2018	Visible minority	24	76	88
2018	Non-visible minority	18	82	368

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	93
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	356
2018	Visible minority	10	90	88
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	368

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	16	84	93
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	356
2018	Visible minority	16	84	88
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	368

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	93
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	356
2018	Visible minority	8	92	88
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	368

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	29	71	93
2019	Non-visible minority	23	77	356
2018	Visible minority	26	74	88
2018	Non-visible minority	26	74	368

Question 63. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you directly witnessed harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	89	874
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	4017

Question 64. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	18	16	17	4	4	28	13	57	14	876
2019	Non-visible minority	16	16	16	5	4	32	10	56	16	4016
2018	Visible minority	15	18	23	6	4	27	8	50	15	707
2018	Non-visible minority	14	17	19	6	4	33	7	51	17	3622
2017	Visible minority	17	14	19	5	5	29	13	51	17	734
2017	Non-visible minority	14	18	18	5	5	31	9	53	17	3797
2014	Visible minority	14	16	18	5	3	31	13	53	15	649
2014	Non-visible minority	12	17	17	6	4	35	8	51	18	3950

Question 65. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	35	31	14	4	3	11	1	76	8	877
2019	Non-visible minority	34	34	15	4	3	9	1	76	8	4023
2018	Visible minority	30	32	18	5	4	11	1	71	9	709
2018	Non-visible minority	27	36	19	5	3	9	1	70	9	3624
2017	Visible minority	29	29	20	5	2	12	3	68	8	733
2017	Non-visible minority	27	36	17	5	4	11	1	71	10	3796
2014	Visible minority	27	27	19	5	3	18	3	67	10	648
2014	Non-visible minority	23	33	19	5	3	15	1	67	10	3948
2011	Visible minority	29	36	16	5	4	11	0	72	10	603
2011	Non-visible minority	25	39	19	6	3	7	0	69	11	3746

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Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction,which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 66. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	91	873
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	4016
2018	Visible minority	9	91	703
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	3633

Question 67a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	36	64	81
2019	Non-visible minority	40	60	150
2018	Visible minority	37	63	65
2018	Non-visible minority	35	65	163

Question 67b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	79	21	81
2019	Non-visible minority	85	15	150
2018	Visible minority	83	17	65
2018	Non-visible minority	83	17	163

Question 67d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	100	81
2019	Non-visible minority	100	150
2018	Visible minority	100	65
2018	Non-visible minority	100	163

Question 67e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	89	81
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	150

Question 67f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	6	94	81
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	150

Question 68a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	59	41	79
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	151
2018	Visible minority	50	50	65
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	164

Question 68b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	55	79
2019	Non-visible minority	16	84	151
2018	Visible minority	34	66	65
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	164

Question 68c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	34	66	79
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	151

Question 68e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	26	74	79
2019	Non-visible minority	26	74	151
2018	Visible minority	21	79	65
2018	Non-visible minority	30	70	164

Question 68f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	23	77	79
2019	Non-visible minority	36	64	151
2018	Visible minority	18	82	65
2018	Non-visible minority	31	69	164

Question 68i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	79
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	151

Question 68j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	18	82	79
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	151
2018	Visible minority	11	89	65
2018	Non-visible minority	20	80	164

Question 68l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	79
2019	Non-visible minority	22	78	151

Question 68n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	79
2019	Non-visible minority	22	78	151
2018	Visible minority	11	89	65
2018	Non-visible minority	23	77	164

Question 69a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	24	76	79
2019	Non-visible minority	39	61	150
2018	Visible minority	27	73	65
2018	Non-visible minority	35	65	164

Question 69b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	10	90	79
2019	Non-visible minority	20	80	150
2018	Visible minority	13	87	65
2018	Non-visible minority	19	81	164

Question 69d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	89	79
2019	Non-visible minority	18	82	150
2018	Visible minority	18	82	65
2018	Non-visible minority	16	84	164

Question 69g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	10	90	79
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	150

Question 69h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	79
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	150
2018	Visible minority	8	92	65
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	164

Question 69i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	49	79
2019	Non-visible minority	39	61	150
2018	Visible minority	53	47	65
2018	Non-visible minority	46	54	164

Question 71. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you directly witnessed discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	873
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	4021

Question 72. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	18	16	18	4	3	28	12	57	12	875
2019	Non-visible minority	18	15	17	3	2	38	9	61	8	4011
2018	Visible minority	18	16	24	4	3	28	7	53	11	708
2018	Non-visible minority	15	16	21	2	2	37	7	55	8	3627
2017	Visible minority	17	16	19	3	3	32	10	57	11	732
2017	Non-visible minority	14	15	18	2	2	39	9	57	8	3793
2014	Visible minority	15	15	19	3	2	36	10	55	10	648
2014	Non-visible minority	13	15	18	2	2	42	8	56	8	3951

Question 73. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	34	30	15	5	3	12	2	74	9	873
2019	Non-visible minority	37	32	14	2	1	12	1	79	4	4023
2018	Visible minority	29	29	20	5	3	13	1	68	9	702
2018	Non-visible minority	29	35	18	3	2	12	1	73	6	3628
2017	Visible minority	28	30	18	4	2	15	3	71	8	731
2017	Non-visible minority	28	34	17	3	2	14	2	74	5	3796
2014	Visible minority	29	24	19	5	2	19	2	67	9	649
2014	Non-visible minority	25	32	16	3	2	20	2	73	6	3949
2011	Visible minority	29	35	16	4	3	13	0	74	8	608
2011	Non-visible minority	29	40	15	4	2	10	0	77	6	3755

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 74a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	25	29	22	11	12	0	1	55	22	875
2019	Non-visible minority	19	30	22	14	15	0	1	49	29	4023
2018	Visible minority	20	28	19	12	18	1	2	49	31	708
2018	Non-visible minority	15	25	24	16	20	0	1	40	36	3635
2017	Visible minority	20	26	18	14	17	1	3	48	33	729
2017	Non-visible minority	14	23	21	17	23	0	1	38	41	3798

Question 74b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	25	30	24	12	8	1	56	20	874
2019	Non-visible minority	16	30	29	16	9	0	46	25	4019
2018	Visible minority	15	30	27	16	11	1	45	28	707
2018	Non-visible minority	12	26	31	19	11	0	38	31	3622
2017	Visible minority	18	29	27	14	9	2	49	24	729
2017	Non-visible minority	13	28	30	17	12	1	41	29	3795

Question 74c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	35	28	19	8	7	0	2	65	15	871
2019	Non-visible minority	26	33	22	12	6	0	1	59	18	4005
2018	Visible minority	22	31	22	13	9	1	2	55	23	706
2018	Non-visible minority	18	33	26	14	8	0	1	51	22	3616
2017	Visible minority	28	31	19	11	8	0	3	61	19	730
2017	Non-visible minority	21	33	23	13	8	0	1	54	22	3793

Question 74d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	30	25	19	13	10	1	2	57	24	869
2019	Non-visible minority	20	24	25	16	13	0	1	45	30	4000
2018	Visible minority	18	23	25	16	15	1	2	43	32	704
2018	Non-visible minority	14	24	27	19	15	0	1	38	35	3614
2017	Visible minority	21	24	22	15	13	1	4	47	29	734
2017	Non-visible minority	15	23	25	19	16	1	1	39	36	3797

Question 74e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	25	11	4	4	1	6	79	9	870
2019	Non-visible minority	43	29	13	6	4	0	4	75	11	4007
2018	Visible minority	40	25	14	9	5	1	6	70	15	703
2018	Non-visible minority	38	29	16	8	5	0	4	70	14	3625
2017	Visible minority	37	28	13	6	4	1	12	74	11	732
2017	Non-visible minority	37	30	15	7	4	1	7	72	12	3794

Question 74f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	35	28	20	10	6	0	1	64	16	875
2019	Non-visible minority	29	31	22	11	7	0	1	60	18	4010
2018	Visible minority	27	29	21	12	10	1	1	56	22	707
2018	Non-visible minority	24	30	24	12	9	0	0	55	21	3633
2017	Visible minority	27	34	20	9	8	0	2	62	17	726
2017	Non-visible minority	25	33	23	12	7	0	0	58	19	3789

Question 74g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	34	34	17	8	4	1	1	70	13	875
2019	Non-visible minority	26	38	21	9	5	0	1	65	14	4013
2018	Visible minority	24	34	23	9	7	1	1	60	16	704
2018	Non-visible minority	21	36	26	10	5	0	1	58	15	3613
2017	Visible minority	24	32	23	10	7	1	3	58	18	724
2017	Non-visible minority	25	33	24	11	5	0	1	59	16	3786

Question 74h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	31	37	16	8	5	1	1	70	14	874
2019	Non-visible minority	24	35	24	11	6	0	1	59	17	4009
2018	Visible minority	20	36	22	13	8	1	1	57	21	704
2018	Non-visible minority	18	35	26	14	7	1	0	53	21	3612
2017	Visible minority	23	32	24	12	6	1	3	57	18	726
2017	Non-visible minority	20	34	24	13	7	0	1	56	20	3787

Question 74i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	31	34	17	11	6	0	2	66	17	873
2019	Non-visible minority	29	33	23	9	5	0	0	62	15	4000
2018	Visible minority	25	30	23	12	9	0	1	56	21	703
2018	Non-visible minority	23	34	24	13	6	0	1	57	19	3616
2017	Visible minority	23	33	21	11	8	1	3	59	19	728
2017	Non-visible minority	26	33	22	12	6	0	1	60	18	3791

Question 74j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	46	25	13	8	7	1	1	72	15	871
2019	Non-visible minority	46	28	14	6	5	0	1	75	11	4000

Question 74k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	38	31	19	7	3	1	1	70	11	869
2019	Non-visible minority	32	34	19	9	4	0	1	67	14	3988
2018	Visible minority	26	35	21	9	7	1	1	62	16	697
2018	Non-visible minority	25	33	25	11	6	0	0	59	16	3601
2017	Visible minority	28	35	19	8	5	1	3	67	14	726
2017	Non-visible minority	26	35	22	10	5	1	1	62	16	3788

Question 74l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	22	11	5	3	1	2	80	9	871
2019	Non-visible minority	54	26	11	5	3	0	1	81	8	3995
2018	Visible minority	50	26	12	5	3	1	2	78	9	704
2018	Non-visible minority	51	28	13	5	3	0	1	79	8	3602
2017	Visible minority	54	25	11	4	3	1	3	82	6	730
2017	Non-visible minority	56	25	11	4	2	0	1	82	6	3796

Question 74m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	69	14	6	2	1	1	8	91	3	875
2019	Non-visible minority	77	11	3	1	1	1	6	94	3	3999
2018	Visible minority	64	17	7	3	3	1	6	87	6	701
2018	Non-visible minority	72	15	5	2	1	1	5	92	3	3611

Question 74n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	68	13	4	4	5	1	4	86	9	875
2019	Non-visible minority	79	9	4	2	3	1	2	91	5	4010
2018	Visible minority	66	14	6	3	6	1	3	84	10	700
2018	Non-visible minority	75	12	4	2	3	1	3	90	5	3612
2017	Visible minority	66	14	6	5	3	1	5	84	9	731
2017	Non-visible minority	77	11	4	2	2	0	3	91	5	3798

Question 74o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	62	22	7	4	3	0	2	86	7	868
2019	Non-visible minority	58	27	9	3	2	0	1	86	5	4001
2018	Visible minority	56	26	10	4	2	0	2	84	6	705
2018	Non-visible minority	55	28	10	4	2	0	1	84	6	3636
2017	Visible minority	53	28	9	4	2	1	3	84	7	731
2017	Non-visible minority	56	28	9	3	2	0	2	86	4	3789

Question 74p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	64	17	6	4	6	0	3	84	10	867
2019	Non-visible minority	62	20	9	4	3	0	1	84	7	3999
2018	Visible minority	56	19	12	5	7	0	1	76	12	704
2018	Non-visible minority	54	23	12	5	5	0	1	78	10	3628
2017	Visible minority	53	20	9	8	6	1	3	76	14	731
2017	Non-visible minority	59	21	9	5	4	0	2	82	9	3794

Question 74q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	61	13	4	2	1	0	19	91	4	866
2019	Non-visible minority	59	14	5	1	1	0	19	91	3	3992
2018	Visible minority	56	13	6	3	1	1	19	87	6	705
2018	Non-visible minority	53	14	6	2	1	0	24	88	4	3618
2017	Visible minority	59	11	4	3	1	1	22	90	5	730
2017	Non-visible minority	55	14	5	2	1	0	23	90	4	3787

Question 74r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	71	15	6	0	0	1	8	93	1	868
2019	Non-visible minority	72	17	5	1	1	0	4	92	2	4003
2018	Visible minority	66	18	7	2	1	0	7	90	3	700
2018	Non-visible minority	66	21	7	2	1	0	4	90	3	3616
2017	Visible minority	65	18	4	2	1	1	9	92	3	730
2017	Non-visible minority	68	18	5	2	1	0	6	92	3	3772

Question 74s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	61	18	8	4	5	1	5	83	9	872
2019	Non-visible minority	73	14	5	2	3	0	2	90	5	4010
2018	Visible minority	61	17	8	4	6	1	3	81	10	703
2018	Non-visible minority	71	15	5	3	3	0	3	88	6	3631
2017	Visible minority	56	20	6	5	6	1	6	81	12	731
2017	Non-visible minority	68	15	6	3	3	0	3	87	7	3797

Question 74t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	54	24	13	4	2	0	3	81	6	875
2019	Non-visible minority	51	30	13	4	2	0	1	82	5	4002
2018	Visible minority	46	27	17	5	2	1	3	76	7	705
2018	Non-visible minority	45	31	16	4	2	0	2	77	6	3630
2017	Visible minority	47	30	12	5	2	0	3	79	8	729
2017	Non-visible minority	49	31	12	4	2	0	2	81	6	3792

Question 75. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	22	36	29	10	3	0	58	14	876
2019	Non-visible minority	15	36	34	12	3	0	51	15	4022
2018	Visible minority	14	34	35	12	5	0	48	18	707
2018	Non-visible minority	10	33	38	15	4	0	43	19	3630
2017	Visible minority	12	32	38	12	6	1	44	18	734
2017	Non-visible minority	8	32	40	14	5	0	41	19	3796

Question 76. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	7	15	38	26	13	0	39	22	873
2019	Non-visible minority	7	17	40	25	10	0	36	24	4001
2018	Visible minority	8	18	40	24	10	0	34	26	706
2018	Non-visible minority	8	21	39	24	9	0	33	28	3606
2017	Visible minority	6	16	43	25	8	1	33	23	731
2017	Non-visible minority	6	20	40	24	10	0	33	26	3794

Question 77. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	40	13	5	3	2	0	79	8	875
2019	Non-visible minority	35	44	12	5	2	2	0	81	7	4002
2018	Visible minority	34	41	12	6	2	4	1	79	8	710
2018	Non-visible minority	31	45	14	5	2	2	0	78	8	3631
2017	Visible minority	25	41	16	7	4	6	0	71	12	734
2017	Non-visible minority	21	45	17	9	4	4	0	68	13	3797

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.
A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	31	38	15	8	5	2	0	71	14	875
2019	Non-visible minority	28	40	16	10	5	1	0	69	15	4022
2018	Visible minority	29	36	17	9	5	3	0	68	15	710
2018	Non-visible minority	24	39	18	12	5	1	0	64	18	3630
2017	Visible minority	23	40	16	10	6	3	1	66	17	733
2017	Non-visible minority	18	41	17	14	7	2	0	61	22	3796

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Question 79. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested measures to accommodate your needs in the workplace in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	14	86	877
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	4018
2017	Visible minority	15	85	731
2017	Non-visible minority	14	86	3794
2014	Visible minority	15	85	646
2014	Non-visible minority	13	87	3941

Question 80. Were any measures taken to accommodate your needs?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	86	14	125
2019	Non-visible minority	87	13	467
2017	Visible minority	75	25	112
2017	Non-visible minority	75	25	520
2014	Visible minority	76	24	92
2014	Non-visible minority	82	18	524

Question 81. I am satisfied with the measures that were taken to accommodate my needs.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	57	28	4	10	1	0	0	85	11	107
2019	Non-visible minority	52	34	6	5	3	0	0	86	8	407
2017	Visible minority	55	39	1	3	1	0	1	95	4	85
2017	Non-visible minority	54	34	5	5	1	1	1	89	6	391
2014	Visible minority	53	31	9	3	3	0	2	85	6	70
2014	Non-visible minority	61	27	4	6	3	0	0	87	9	429

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Compensation

Question 82. To what extent has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	24	33	19	10	11	2	1	25	75	876
2019	Non-visible minority	19	32	24	12	11	2	0	20	80	4015
2018	Visible minority	26	25	20	11	15	3	1	27	73	710
2018	Non-visible minority	20	27	24	14	12	2	1	21	79	3634
2017	Visible minority	22	24	21	12	14	5	1	23	77	733
2017	Non-visible minority	22	24	22	13	15	4	1	23	77	3801

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 83. Have you experienced any new pay or other compensation issues over the last 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	45	641
2019	Non-visible minority	58	42	3150

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 84. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	55	634
2019	Non-visible minority	38	62	3116
2018	Visible minority	33	67	488
2018	Non-visible minority	28	72	2768

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 85. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	17	24	17	14	18	3	6	46	35	634
2019	Non-visible minority	10	24	19	19	20	1	6	37	43	3110
2018	Visible minority	12	21	20	19	23	1	4	35	45	490
2018	Non-visible minority	8	21	17	23	24	2	5	31	50	2779
2017	Visible minority	12	25	16	18	19	3	8	41	41	527
2017	Non-visible minority	8	20	16	21	27	2	7	30	53	2799

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 86. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	17	18	18	28	3	6	29	50	634
2019	Non-visible minority	4	14	17	22	35	2	6	20	61	3115
2018	Visible minority	5	11	19	20	40	2	3	17	63	490
2018	Non-visible minority	2	9	14	21	47	2	4	12	72	2779
2017	Visible minority	3	10	16	20	42	4	6	14	68	526
2017	Non-visible minority	1	6	10	17	57	2	7	8	81	2799

Question 87. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	19	12	7	8	1	11	70	16	871
2019	Non-visible minority	41	19	14	9	8	1	7	65	19	3990
2018	Visible minority	39	20	11	8	9	2	11	68	19	707
2018	Non-visible minority	39	19	14	9	10	1	9	64	21	3627

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2019 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Environment and Climate Change Canada by Question 110. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

Survey Themes

My Job

Question 1. I have the materials and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... Unreliable technology.

My Work Unit

Question 19. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

My Immediate Supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 26. I can count on my immediate supervisor to keep his or her promises.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 28. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 29. Subject to operational requirements, my immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work arrangements (e.g., flexible hours, compressed workweeks, telework).

Question 30. My immediate supervisor seems to care about me as a person.

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 33. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)

Senior Management

Question 34. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 35. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 36. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 37. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 38. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 40. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 41. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 43. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 44. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 46a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 46b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Question 46c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 46d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to developmental programs

Question 46e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of opportunities in my region

Question 46f. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Level of education

Question 46g. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 46h. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 47. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 48. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas).

Question 49. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 50. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 51. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 52. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 53. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Mobility and Retention

Question 54. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 55. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Collective Agreements and Terms and Conditions of Employment

Question 56. I am familiar with the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.

Question 57. My immediate supervisor respects the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.

Harassment