Section II: Analysis of Program Activities by Strategic Outcome

An overall performance rating has been assigned to each expected result based on the following:

Performance Rating Legend

If this percentage of expected performance is achieved…	The performance rating is defined as…	The performance rating is shown graphically as…
More than 100%	Exceeded
100%	Met All
80 to 99%	Mostly Met
60 to 79%	Somewhat Met
Less than 60%	Not Met

Strategic Outcome #1 - Safe and Accessible Waterways

Program Activity 1: Canadian Coast Guard

Description from Main Estimates: The Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) provides civilian marine services (vessels, aircraft, expertise, personnel and infrastructure) to deliver its own programs (Aids to Navigation, Waterways Management, Marine Communications and Traffic Services, Environmental Response, Icebreaking, Search and Rescue), and on behalf of other federal government departments or in support of federal agencies and organizations in the achievement of their own specific Government of Canada maritime priorities. CCG provides support to other parts of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (Science and Conservation and Protection), the Department of National Defence, Environment Canada, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Foreign Affairs and International Trade, and Transport Canada among others.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Safe, economical, and efficient movement of maritime traffic in Canadian waters	Number of vessel movements facilitated through the provision of CCG maritime safety services (maintain a 3-year average)	848,734 by March 31, 2011	582,194
Civilian fleet operationally ready to deliver Government of Canada programs and maintain a federal presence	Satisfaction rate (percentage) of CCG meeting GOC requirements for an operationally ready fleet	80% by March 31, 2011	Government of Canada had access to an operationally ready civilian fleet that maintained a federal presence on Canadian waters.

Performance Highlights

• Continued efforts to procure new vessels and undertake major vessel repairs to improve the Canadian Coast Guard's capacity to deliver its programs and services.
• Created an Arctic Vision for CCG programs that includes objectives for the next 5, 15, and 30 years.
• Finalized the baseline requirements for the replacement of CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent with a new more capable polar icebreaker. Delivery of the new vessel is on track for 2017.
• Continued to play a leadership role in the implementation of e-Navigation in Canadian waters, which is expected to significantly enhance marine safety, have positive economic benefits, and increase environmental protection.
• Delivered equipment packages designed to improve the Canadian Coast Guard's capacity to respond to oil spills in the Arctic.

Performance Summary and Analysis

The Canadian Coast Guard's focus in 2010-11 continued to be to ensure that it has a skilled, qualified, and representative workforce; to deliver on fleet procurement and repair processes already under way; and to play a leadership role in the implementation of e-Navigation and in the development of a strategic DFO/CCG Arctic Vision.

The Coast Guard facilitated over half a million vessel movements through the provision of maritime safety services to provide safe, economical, and efficient movement of maritime traffic in Canadian waters. Although this figure appears to be short of the target, the introduction of a new electronic data collection system and a change in the reporting method used for registered ferry movements (only first and last daily trips are reported) explain the large variance from last year. These data issues will be resolved in the 2012-13 reporting period.

Lessons Learned

The December 2010 audit by the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development on oil spills from ships was critical of the Coast Guard's preparedness to respond to marine pollution incidents in Canada's waters. The report identified significant gaps, particularly related to updated risk assessments, equipment, and the readiness capacity of the Coast Guard. The Canadian Coast Guard agrees with the recommendations from the Commissioner's audit, which confirmed the findings of a similar departmental internal audit of the Environmental Response program, completed in May 2010. The Coast Guard has begun to address the recommendations of both audits, and is developing a regular reporting process to the Commissioner on progress made in addressing his recommendations.

In 2010-11, evaluations were completed for the Aids to Navigation program, the Waterways Management program, and the Icebreaking Services program. These evaluations provided several recommendations, including the development and implementation of a performance measurement strategy. The Aids to Navigation program evaluation also indicated that the program would benefit from national standardization of data collection and entry, and suggested studying the possibility of automating lightstations. The Waterways Management program evaluation recommended the Canadian Coast Guard communicate to users the survey status of its mandated channels and that the Coast Guard and DFO Real Property collaboratively develop and implement a maintenance and/or refurbishment plan for its marine structures. The Icebreaking Services program was encouraged to continue supporting its complementary services, such as the MARINFO website (http://www.marinfo.gc.ca), and its partnership agreements, such as those with Canadian Ice Services and the United States Coast Guard. Management Action Plans to address all recommendations have been developed and are monitored by the Departmental Evaluation Committee to ensure that the recommendations are being implemented.

Program Sub-activities

Canadian Coast Guard is delivered through ten sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Program Activity 2: Small Craft Harbours

Description from Main Estimates: The Small Craft Harbours Program directly, or indirectly through Harbour Authorities, operates and maintains a network of harbours, critical to the fishing industry, that is open, safe and in good repair. These harbours are necessary for the effective operation of the commercial fisheries that contribute to the Canadian economy, directly support employment and that indirectly create tens of thousands jobs, many in rural and isolated parts of Canada.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
A network of harbours critical for Canada's commercial fishing industry that is open, safe, and in good repair	Percentage of core fishing harbours with performance ratings of fair, good or very good	70% by March 31, 2011	70%
	Percentage of facilities at core fishing harbours in fair, good or very good condition	80% by March 31, 2011	73%
	Percentage of recreational and non-core harbours divested	5% of remaining divestiture candidates to be divested in 2010-11	18%

Small Craft Harbours throughout Canada

Performance Highlights

• Repaired or undertook maintenance projects at over 200 core fishing harbours. Of the 272 projects, 220 were completed, 38 were nearly completed, and 14 reached the engineering and/or planning stages. Because some costs exceeded original estimates during implementation, the Small Craft Harbours program implemented a mitigation strategy, including scope adjustment and deferral of work to future years. Projects will be completed with funding from the Program's regular budget.
• Completed 80% of Phase 1 construction work for a small craft harbour in Pangnirtung, Nunavut and awarded the contract for Phase 2. Phase 1 is expected to be complete in early 2011-12 while all construction is expected to be complete by the summer of 2013. The project has experienced delays due to adverse weather and limited transportation to the remote area.
• Divested 65 sites in year three of the four-year Divestiture of Non-Core Harbours Program. In total, the program has divested 79 sites, with the goal of divesting 75-95 harbours after four years.
• Implemented portions of the Small Craft Harbours functional review including work associated with the development of National Model Work Descriptions. Some delays were experienced because of the acute need to mobilize program resources to deliver initiatives under Canada's Economic Action Plan.

Performance Summary and Analysis

Small Craft Harbours continued to focus on the delivery of Canada's Economic Action Plan in 2010-11, including the construction of a fishing harbour in Pangnirtung, Nunavut, as well as the repair and maintenance of core commercial fishing harbours. With the help of the economic stimulus funding received as part of Canada's Economic Action Plan, 70% of core fishing harbours received performance ratings of fair, good, or very good, meeting Small Craft Harbours' target for 2010-11. With regard to facilities at core fishing harbours, 73% are in fair, good, or very good condition, just below the 80% target for 2010-11. These targets were met or nearly met despite a series of storms in late 2010 that caused damage to facilities and fishing harbours in over 250 communities. Small Craft Harbours completed the divestiture of 65 sites in 2010-11 — the equivalent of 18% of the remaining recreational and non-core harbours to be divested and exceeding the target of 5%. This substantial improvement in performance is largely the result of completing 42 minor sites in the Pacific Region, which was made possible with temporary resources provided by the Divestiture of Non-core Harbours Program.

Lessons Learned

In 2010-11, a number of Small Craft Harbours repair and maintenance projects were completed significantly above or below the estimated value. As a result, Small Craft Harbours recognizes there is a need to strengthen the planning process to ensure better accuracy of estimates in the future. In regard to the divestiture of recreational and non-core harbours, Small Craft Harbours recognizes that although a large number of sites were divested this year, the remaining sites are more difficult and costly to complete, and many will require environmental remediation. These challenges may affect the number of sites divested in 2011 12.

Program Activity 3: Science for Safe and Accessible Waterways

Description from Main Estimates: This program provides scientific research, monitoring, advice, products and services and data management to ensure departmental and federal policies, programs, decisions, and regulations associated with safe, secure, and accessible waterways are informed by science advice. The science is provided through a network of research facilities, in collaboration with other government departments, private sector, academia and international organizations.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Stakeholders have the information to safely navigate Canada's waterways	Number of navigational digital and paper products sold	Maintain current unit sales levels or achieve a net increase in products sold	64% decrease in digital products sold and 5% increase in paper products sold, in comparison with 2009-10

Performance Highlights

• Completed 14 of the 23 new charts required to service the Kitimat and Prince Rupert areas of British Columbia, making it possible for deep-draught vessels to safely navigate in this area of Canada's Pacific coast. Completion of the required work will take several years.
• Continued efforts to synchronize the production, availability, and maintenance of its paper and digital charts.
• Continued to improve the digital product and distribution model, including improvements to the registration service and the web-based digital product update service. Fourteen new Raster Navigational Charts and 65 new Electronic Navigational Charts were made available for public access.

Performance Summary and Analysis

The way Canadian and international mariners use technology continues to shape the navigational products and services provided by the Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS), including the way in which those products and services are delivered. Between 2007-08 and 2009-10, the overall number of paper hydrographic charts and publications sold declined by approximately 20%, while the number of digital hydrographic charts and products increased by almost 25%. CHS expected that the sale of paper products would continue to decline annually and that the sale of digital products would continue to experience large double-digit growth rates. Contrary to the recent trend, the sale of paper products increased slightly in 2010-11 and the sale of digital products appears to have decreased. The reasons for this apparent reversal in trend is not known at this time; however, the purchase of CHS products and data through licensed global service providers and the reselling of hydrographic data in private-sector value-added products is not currently captured by the above performance indicator. In 2010-11, one international global service provider alone sold over 90,000 paper charts for Canadian waterways. These alternative sources and alternative uses of information in the marketplace should be considered when trying to understand the trend in the use of CHS products and data.

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Lessons Learned

CHS will continue to monitor the apparent trend reversal in the sale of digital and paper navigational products and attempt to quantify the extent to which CHS information is used via non-traditional outlets. Should the trend continue, CHS will more closely examine the possible reasons for this unexpected reversal to ensure that official navigational products are meeting the needs of today's mariners.

A lack of hydrographic data in critical areas can create a risk to safe navigation, coastal communities, and Canadians in general. Keeping the existing portfolio of hydrographic products and services up-to-date and creating new products to service areas of emerging importance (e.g., Arctic, Asia-Pacific Gateway), while making these products and services accessible in a technological environment that continues to innovate, requires a risk-based approach to the management of the overall portfolio of hydrographic products and services. Given the proven utility of the risk-based approach to support the management of the portfolio, the Canadian Hydrographic Service will continue to refine and adjust its risk-based framework to improve its usefulness as a tool in decision-making.

Program Sub-activities

Science for Safe and Accessible Waterways is delivered through two sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Strategic Outcome #2 - Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture

Program Activity 1: Fisheries and Aquaculture Management

Description from Main Estimates: The overall goal of fisheries and aquaculture management is the conservation of Canada's fisheries resources to ensure sustainable resource utilization through close collaboration with resource users and stakeholders based on shared stewardship. Fisheries and Aquaculture Management contributes to international fisheries conservation negotiations and relations, shared management of interception fisheries in international waters, management of the Aboriginal, commercial, recreational fishing in the coastal waters of Canada's three oceans and creating the conditions for a vibrant and innovative aquaculture industry and for an economically prosperous fishing sector as a whole.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture	Year-over-year improvement in the management and conservation of stocks to support sustainable fisheries, as evidenced in the growth of the sustainability index	Baseline of 5.4/10 with target of 2% increase for 2010 and additional 2% increase for 2011	5.5/10*

Performance Highlights

• Developed and implemented Integrated Fisheries Management Plans for 68 of 136 major stocks (50%) on the 2010-11 Fisheries Checklist; this is an increase from the 41.7% coverage achieved in 2009-10.
• Promoted shared stewardship of fisheries through participation in numerous advisory committees and a new Integrated Fisheries Management Plan template that encourages consultations with industry when determining fishery objectives.
• Published five sector strategy plans for the sustainable development of aquaculture that were endorsed by the Canadian Council of Fisheries and Aquaculture Ministers in November 2010.
• Improved and restored approximately 198,000 m2 of fish habitat and supported 49 habitat improvement projects through the Salmonid Enhancement Program.
• Continued to place emphasis on promoting compliance with legislation, regulations, and management measures through education and shared stewardship programs.
• Delivered fishing licences in a timely manner and continued to improve processes. Collected all fisheries data required and began to implement system improvements.
• Undertook major case and special investigations involving both the east and west coasts. Major case management and intelligence software solutions have been identified. Field access by Fishery Officers is being developed, along with a new national inspection database to enhance inspection information accessibility across the country.
• Redeveloped the Aboriginal Contribution Agreement to a common template and produced a Recipient Capacity Assessment Tool that staff and recipient organizations were trained to use.
• Adopted changes to licensing policies to increase the capacity for industry to self-adjust in response to economic viability problems. For example, the Policy on the Issuance of Licences to Companies has been announced to enable greater opportunities for economic prosperity for Canada's inshore Atlantic and Quebec fisheries.
• Promoted and influenced sustainable regional fisheries management and healthy global marine ecosystems by:
  • Contributing to negotiations for a new regulated fisheries management area in the high seas of the North Pacific Ocean, thereby advancing Canadian objectives of marine conservation and protection while creating the potential for fisheries resources in the region;
  • Launching a comprehensive, basin-wide, bi-national Asian carp risk assessment to combat the threat posed by invasive Asian carp to the Great Lakes; and
  • Playing a strong role in helping members of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) continue with the closures of six vulnerable marine ecosystems in the NAFO Regulatory Area and the adoption of a number of plans and frameworks supporting proper management of shrimp, Greenland halibut, American Plaice, and cod.
• Contributed to the growth of international trade through renewal of DFO's sustainable seafood website, presence at leading global trade shows, engagement of stakeholders in Canada's sustainable seafood management regime, and engagement with ecocertification and ecolabelling organizations.

Performance Summary and Analysis

In 2010-11, Fisheries and Aquaculture Management was focused on advancing the following priorities: the Northern Strategy, International Leadership, and Globally Competitive Fisheries. Also, various elements of the Sustainable Fisheries Framework¹⁴ were consulted on and implemented, such as the Precautionary Approach and the Ecosystems Approach.

To protect our fisheries and remain globally competitive, Fisheries and Aquaculture Management is expected to produce sustainable fisheries and aquaculture through improvements in the management and conservation of fish stocks. Progress in this area is measured by increases in the sustainability index compared to the baseline level of 5.4/10 (measured in 2008-09). For 2010-11, the sustainability index was 5.5. This is an increase from the score of 5.4 that was achieved in 2008-09 and 2009-10. It should be noted that in 2010-11, checklists were completed for an additional 16 stocks compared to 2009-10.

Lessons Learned

Fisheries and Aquaculture Management has noted that changes in the sustainability index do not always accurately reflect changes in the management and conservation of stocks. The list of stocks and checklist questions for a given year must be defined and remain unchanged to accurately measure changes in the index. Starting in 2011, the fisheries stock list and checklist questions will be defined and set for four years to allow for year-over-year comparison.

Since aquaculture management is a shared jurisdiction between federal and provincial/territorial governments, partnerships between the governments are key to promoting sustainable and competitive aquaculture. However, building federal-provincial partnerships is complex and requires time. This reality has caused delays in delivering some aquaculture program activities, notably the release of the sustainability report and the development of the fish health regulations.

In 2010-11, evaluations were completed for the International Fisheries Conservation program and the Conservation and Protection program, and several recommendations were made. The evaluation of the International Fisheries Conservation program recommended that the program develop a performance measurement strategy, continue to explore new partnerships with key countries, continue to sustain its bilateral and multilateral partnerships, and engage Regional Fisheries Management Organizations on capacity and compliance issues. The Conservation and Protection program evaluation recommendations included the need for national direction in the area of education and shared stewardship. The evaluation also recommended the development and implementation of a plan to guide the program's direction in major cases and special investigations and the exploration of options to increase efficiency and address workload concerns. Management Action Plans to address all recommendations have been developed and are monitored by the Departmental Evaluation Committee to ensure that the recommendations are being implemented.

Program Sub-activities

Fisheries and Aquaculture Management is delivered through six sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Program Activity 2: Science for Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture

Description from Main Estimates: Provision of advice and recommendations based on scientific research and monitoring, as well as the provision of products and services and the management of data on Canada's oceans and resources. This ensures departmental and federal policies, programs, decisions, and regulations associated with sustainable fisheries and aquaculture are informed by scientific knowledge. The science is provided through a network of research facilities, in collaboration with other government departments, private sector, academia and international organizations.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Comprehensive understanding of aquatic resources for decision-makers to help ensure sustainable fisheries and aquaculture	Number of Canadian publications on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture that are authored/co-authored by DFO Science	Maintain 5-year average (2006-11)	196 published papers were produced on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture in 2009; this is below the 5-year average of 217 papers*
	Number of DFO Science publications on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture that are cited	Maintain 5-year average (2006-11)	Average number of citations to papers published on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture between 2005 and 2009 was 477 per year. Between 2004 and 2008, DFO Science papers were cited more often than the world average.*
	Number of Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) publications on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture that are posted on the CSAS website	Maintain 5-year average (2006-11)	Produced 130 CSAS publications that are posted on the DFO website; approximately 19% below the 5 year average of 160

Performance Highlights

• Improved the guidance on Techniques for the Provision of Advice in Information-Poor Situations under the Technical Expertise in Stock Assessments (TESA) initiative. The objectives were to review the state-of-the-art in assessment and management approaches for information-poor fisheries; review case studies of information-poor fisheries to determine what assessment approaches are useful for providing management advice; produce a decision tree that includes guidelines and assessment/management tools for various data-poor situations; and describe the types of advice that can be produced, and what the uncertainties will be, in various data-poor situations.
• Contributed to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council-funded Canadian Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture Network as a member of the Steering Committee. In this capacity, provided advice and direction from a national regulatory perspective on the development of the program, communication, and budgeting. In addition, 64 Aquaculture Collaborative Research and Development projects were undertaken in 2010-11. These projects increased the level of collaborative research and development activity between the aquaculture industry and the Department.
• Assisted with the implementation of the New Substances Notification Regulations (Organisms) by providing guidance in response to stakeholder inquiries on regulatory requirements and process. In addition, participated in an Environment Canada-led regulatory consultation on the review of these regulations to provide science-based advice on appropriate regulatory approaches for fish biotechnology.
• Responded to aquaculture-related requests for priority regulatory research and communicated the results to the responsible federal regulatory authority. Undertook eleven regulatory research projects were undertaken in 2010-11.
• Initiated a bi-national (Canada and the United States) risk assessment of Asian carp to provide scientific advice on key areas within the Great Lakes basin that are most vulnerable to invasion and identify routes where they could enter the Canadian side of the lake system.

Performance Summary and Analysis

In 2009 (the most recent year for which data is available), DFO Science produced 196 papers on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture (source: Science-Metrix Inc). This represents a decrease of approximately 10% when compared with the Department's five-year average. Approximately 67% of these papers were written in collaboration with other key players in Canada's research community (e.g., universities and the private sector). On average, DFO papers accounted for approximately 19% of Canadian papers on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture between 2005 and 2009. DFO Science papers on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture consistently received an above-average number of citations relative to the average number of citations received by world papers between 2004 and 2008, which demonstrates the utility of the publications.

The Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) coordinates the peer review of scientific issues for the Department. In 2010-11, CSAS produced 130 publications (science advisory reports, research documents, proceedings, and science responses) in response to advisory needs associated with the Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture strategic outcome. Although this appears to represent a significant decrease in advice, it reflects a reallocation of science advice to support the increased advisory needs in support of the Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems strategic outcome. Overall, the total number of CSAS publications (278) in support of both strategic outcomes is well above the five-year average of 233 publications, demonstrating a strong contribution to the body of scientific knowledge. These publications are available on the Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat website.¹⁵

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Lessons Learned

In 2010-11, an evaluation of the Fisheries Resource Science Program was completed. Recommendations included that the program identify options to address the challenge of moving toward a complex ecosystem-based approach, as well as options to address gaps in skills and achieve further efficiencies. Management Action Plans to address all recommendations have been developed and are monitored by the Departmental Evaluation Committee to ensure the recommendations are being implemented.

In recent years, the breadth of science advice provided by the Department's science program has gone far beyond the longstanding requirement to assess the status of the fisheries resource in support of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture. The requirement for advice to support the Department's other two outcomes, Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems and Safe and Accessible Waterways, has grown considerably. Ten years ago, requests to the Department's CSAS for formal science advice on aquatic species at risk was minimal. Today, 30% of the advisory publications produced by CSAS are in direct support of requirements associated with the management of species at risk. This overall growth has required that program efficiencies be found (e.g., multi-species versus single-species stock surveys) and that risk-informed choices be made with regard to which requests for science advice are serviced within a given fiscal year.

Program Sub-activities

Science for Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture is delivered through six sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Strategic Outcome #3 - Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems

Program Activity 1: Oceans Management

Description from Main Estimates: Oceans Management involves the conservation and sustainable use of Canada's oceans in collaboration with other levels of government, Aboriginal organizations and other non-government stakeholders through the development and implementation of objectives-based integrated oceans management plans and the application of marine conservation tools. Modern oceans management arrangements deal with a number of challenges including oceans health, marine habitat loss, declining biodiversity, growing demands for access to ocean resources and regulatory and jurisdictional complexities.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Oceans activities are managed in a manner consistent with sustainable development	Percentage of priority ocean ecosystems where ecosystem integrity is maintained or improved	100% by March 31, 2017	Data for these indicators is unavailable; as a proxy, sub-activity results have been used to assess performance.
	Contribution of marine-based industries to GDP	Contribution of marine-based industries to Gross Domestic Product remains stable or increases by March 31, 2017

Performance Highlights

• Facilitated information access and exchange, informed decision-making, and enhanced oceans planning and management by:
  • Providing secretariat support to an interdepartmental committee on oceans to coordinate and align federal government planning and action on oceans issues;
  • Convening two meetings of the Directors' General Interdepartmental Committee on Oceans;
  • Managing an online interdepartmental forum to facilitate exchange of information among federal oceans planners; and
  • Working with provincial and territorial counterparts through a national level Oceans Task Group as well as five regional committees on oceans management.
• Completed integrated management plans for two of the five Large Ocean Management Areas.
• Designated Tarium Niryutait as a Marine Protected Area¹⁶ in August 2010. Four Areas of Interest (Hecate Strait Sponge Reefs, Race Rocks, Paulatuk, and Laurentian Channel) are being considered for future designation as Marine Protected Areas (designation is anticipated by 2013).
• Developed knowledge of the conservation, social, economic, and governance aspects of defined marine areas and increased awareness of the effects oceans activities can have on such areas by:
  • Completing Socio-Economic and Cultural Overview and Assessment (SECOA) reports for two Large Ocean Management Areas (Gulf of St. Laurence and Pacific North Coast);
  • Completing an assessment of the availability and quality of SECOA-related data sources and a series of background reports on the State of the Gulf of Maine; and
  • Continuing efforts to collect and refine ecological and socio-economic information into Geographic Information Systems in support of improved decision-making.

Performance Summary and Analysis

Significant progress has been achieved in advancing integrated management, as demonstrated through continued collaboration with other federal, provincial, and territorial governments, Aboriginal groups, and other stakeholders, and the completion and announcement of the Beaufort Sea Integrated Management Plan in August 2010.

The designation of the Tarium Niryutait Marine Protected Area in August 2010 continues Oceans Management's work toward achieving a target of six new Marine Protected Areas. Looking forward, seven Areas of Interest may also be designated as Marine Protected Areas as part of the commitments made under the Health of the Oceans Initiative. In addition, drafting and public consultations have been completed on the National Framework for Canada's Network of Marine Protected Areas in collaboration with federal-provincial-territorial government partner agencies.

Lessons Learned

The Oceans Management program depends on the capacity of partners to support and implement integrated management plans, corresponding objectives and monitoring strategies to achieve its expected results. Delays or inability on the part of partners can hinder the achievement of some results.

Program Sub-activities

Oceans Management is delivered through two sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Program Activity 2: Habitat Management

Description from Main Estimates: In collaboration with others, Habitat Management involves conserving and protecting fish and fish habitat from the impacts of activities occurring in and around fresh and marine fish-bearing waters, and improving (restoring and developing) fish habitat through the administration of the habitat protection provisions of the Fisheries Act, providing advice on related provisions of the Act, and the application of non-regulatory activities. It also involves conducting environmental assessments prior to regulatory decisions listed in the Law List Regulations of the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act and participating in other environmental assessment regimes. These activities are performed in a manner consistent with the Species at Risk Act; the Policy for the Management of Fish Habitat and other operational policies; consultation with Aboriginal groups; the goals and principles of sustainable development; and the policies and priorities of the federal government.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Healthy and productive fish habitat available to sustain the production of fish species and populations that Canadians value	Percentage of inspected projects that conform with the terms and conditions of operational statements, formal advice in writing, and Fisheries Act authorizations	70% by March 31, 2011	94%

Performance Highlights

• Provided formal advice to proponents of over 4,000 development projects to ensure that adequate measures are in place to protect fish and to ensure that appropriate monitoring studies are undertaken.
• Observed a 94% conformity rate for all completed and monitored undertakings occurring in and around water.
• Implemented the Guide to Writing Fisheries Act Authorizations to help improve timeliness and consistency and developed a Quality Management Framework to support continuous improvement to operational policies and practices.
• Maintained formal relationships with the Canadian Electricity Association, as well as conservation and environmental non-government organizations. Continued to support open dialogue with other key stakeholders who have interests in natural resource management.

Performance Summary and Analysis

In 2010-11, Habitat Management continued to focus on regulatory improvements and the delivery of environmental assessments under Canada's Economic Action Plan. Habitat Management also remained vigilant in its goal of maintaining healthy and productive fish habitats capable of sustaining the production of fish species and populations that Canadians value. To ensure the availability of healthy and productive habitat, Habitat Management examined projects to verify those involved were conforming to the terms and conditions of operational statements, formal advice in writing, and Fisheries Act authorizations. In total, 94% of inspected projects conformed to the requirements listed above, surpassing the 2010-11 target of 70%.

Lessons Learned

Although Habitat Management was able to greatly surpass its performance target for 2010-11, the expected level of compliance was under-estimated. This under-estimate is attributed tonot having enough data when the target was set. Once the data set is near completion, the goal will be adjusted accordingly.

Program Sub-activities

Habitat Management is delivered through four sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Program Activity 3: Species at Risk Management

Description from Main Estimates: Aquatic species at risk are managed to provide for the recovery of extirpated, endangered and threatened species; and the management of special concerned species to prevent them becoming at risk. This program activity involves developing recovery strategies, action plans and management plans for all aquatic species; promoting recovery implementation and monitoring of marine and anadromous (moving between fresh and salt water) species over which the federal government has exclusive jurisdiction; and promoting freshwater species for which certain provinces have specific delegated responsibilities related to fisheries management through regulations under the Fisheries Act.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Endangered or threatened aquatic species in Canada are managed to prevent them from becoming extinct	Percentage of listed species for which conservation and protection measures and objectives are identified (as stipulated in the Species at Risk Act)	80% in 2010-11 100% in 2011-12	100%

Performance Highlights

• Developed various guidance documents for delivery of the program. Began development of data management systems to enable results-based reporting.
• Supported the Standing Committee on Environmental and Sustainable Development's parliamentary review of the Species at Risk Act (SARA) by:
  • Providing information and analysis regarding SARA implementation;
  • Advising DFO officials appearing before the Committee;
  • Analyzing evidence submitted by various parties to the Committee; and
  • Ensuring issues related to aquatic species were reflected in all of the above.

Performance Summary and Analysis

Species at Risk Management's focus in 2010-11 continued to be managing and delivering species at risk programs to enhance healthy and productive aquatic ecosystems, habitats, and species. Part of this focus includes ensuring that endangered or threatened aquatic species in Canada are managed to prevent them from becoming extinct. Species at Risk Management has determined that conservation and protection measures and objectives have been identified for 100% of aquatic species listed under the Species at Risk Act (SARA). This greatly surpassed the target of 80% for 2010-11.

Although the program remains focused on managing and delivering the Species at Risk program, resource shortages have meant that despite some improvement and best efforts, the program is still not able to address 100% of its legal obligations under SARA; one third of mandatory recovery documents are still not being developed within legislated timelines.

Lessons Learned

The results achieved indicate that this program continues to make improvements in meeting both its program objectives and legal obligations. Ongoing review and revision of existing processes will ensure that the program is successful in meeting all of its objectives.

Program Sub-activities

Species at Risk Management is delivered through three sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Program Activity 4: Science for Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems

Description from Main Estimates: This program provides research, monitoring, advice, products and services and data management to ensure departmental and federal policies, programs, decisions, and regulations associated with the integrated management of Canada's oceans and fish habitat resources are informed by science advice. The science is undertaken through a network of research facilities, in collaboration with other government departments, private sector, academia and international organizations.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Measurement

Expected Results	Performance Indicators	Targets	Performance Status	Performance Rating
Comprehensive understanding of living aquatic ecosystem function for decision-makers to help ensure healthy and productive aquatic ecosystems	Number of Canadian publications on aquatic ecosystem function that are authored/co-authored by DFO Science	Maintain 5-year average (2006-11)	183 published papers were produced in 2009, slightly below the 5-year average of 191*
	Number of DFO Science publications on aquatic ecosystem function that are cited	Maintain 5-year average (2006-11)	Average number of citations of papers published on aquatic ecosystems between 2005 and 2009 was 497 per year (between 2004 and 2008, DFO Science papers were cited more often than the world average 4 years out of the 5)*
	Number of Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) publications on aquatic ecosystem function that are posted on the DFO Science website	Maintain 5-year average (2006-11)	Produced 148 CSAS publications that are posted on the DFO Science website, approximately 50% above the 5 year average of 74

Performance Highlights

• Provided advice in support of decision-making requirements related to the impacts of development on fish habitat and mitigation measures by:
  • Developing a comprehensive bibliography and drafting pathways of effects diagrams describing the potential impacts of renewable energy extraction, including wind, wave and tidal power, on the marine environment. These diagrams will be examined in a CSAS peer-review meeting this fiscal year.
  • Completing a research document summarizing the impacts of ship-generated noise on aquatic environments, including fish, invertebrates, and marine mammals. This document will be reviewed through a CSAS peer-review this year.
  • Holding two joint workshops involving scientists and Habitat managers to identify knowledge gaps and research needs, leading to a workplan to develop monitoring protocols for mitigation and compensation measures.
• Improved ocean forecasting capabilities with the development of a global ice-ocean forecasting system based on the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean¹⁷ modelling framework and advanced work on a second model that integrates sea surface temperature, ice analysis, and Canadian Meteorological Centre data.
• Improved our knowledge of hypoxia and ocean acidification by completing Phase 1 of the Climate Change Science Initiative. This knowledge is being applied to the management of the fishery (e.g., snow crab/hypoxia) and policy issues (e.g., Arctic Council Ocean Acidification Assessment). Similarly, the Department continues to provide scientific advice to Environment Canada in its lead role as representatives to the London Convention/London Protocol. Internationally, the London Convention and London Protocol are regarded as the global instruments with the appropriate authority to manage ocean fertilization.

Performance Summary and Analysis

In 2009 (the most recent year for which data is available), DFO Science produced 183 papers on aquatic ecoystems; this represents a slight decrease of approximately 4% when compared with the Department's five-year average. Approximately 58% of these papers were written in collaboration with other key players in Canada's research community (e.g., universities and the private sector). An indication of the value of the Department's contribution to the state of knowledge on aquatic ecosystems is the number of citations to its papers relative to the average number of citations received by world papers on the subject. Between 2004 and 2008, DFO Science papers on aquatic ecosystems were cited more often than the world average 4 years out of the 5.¹⁸

Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) coordinates the peer review of scientific issues for DFO. In 2010-11, CSAS produced and posted on the Internet 148 publications (science advisory reports, research documents, proceedings, and science responses) in response to advisory needs identified by internal clients. These publications are available on the CSAS website. As evidenced by the graph, science support to decision-making requirements associated with the Department's Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems strategic outcome continues¹⁹ to increase. This represents a 70% increase since 2006-07 and is approximately 50% above the five-year average of 74 publications. This increase reflects, among other things, the diversification of advisory requirements associated with the Oceans Act and the Species at Risk Act, as well as the Science program's ongoing transition to a multi-discplinary ecosystem-science-based approach.

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Lessons Learned

Balancing the requirements for science advice in support of the Department's longstanding mandate (e.g., the Fisheries Act) and more recent legislation (e.g., Oceans Act, Species at Risk Act) is a challenge. This emphasizes the need for a systematic, risk-based approach to priority-setting in determining which advisory requests are serviced in a given fiscal year.

Program Sub-activities

Science for Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems is delivered through four sub-activities, as indicated in the Program Activity Architecture. Performance information for these sub-activities is available on the DFO website (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2010-11/toc-tdm-eng.html).

Internal Services

Description from Main Estimates: Internal Services are groups of related activities and resources that are administered to support the needs of programs and other corporate obligations of an organization. These groups are: Management and Oversight Services; Communications Services; Legal Services; Human Resources Management Services; Financial Management Services; Information Management Services; Information Technology Services; Real Property Services (including Safety and Security Services and Office of Environmental Coordination); Materiel Services; Acquisition Services; and Travel and Other Administrative Services. Internal Services include only those activities and resources that apply across an organization and not to those provided specifically to a program.

Financial and Human Resources for 2010-11

Performance Highlights

• Improved overall ratings for Round VIII of the Management Accountability Framework ²⁰(three Areas of Management were rated Strong, 11 were rated Acceptable, and one was rated Opportunity for Improvement).
• Continued implementation of the 2009 Policy on Evaluation, which is on its way to full implementation by March 31, 2013, as per the Policy's requirements.
• Received Treasury Board approval for DFO's Policy on Investment Planning in February 2011, and implemented essential management practices to support effective investment planning and management of projects. DFO's efforts in the investment planning area were recognized by Treasury Board Secretariat when DFO received the highest rating given for an Organizational Project Management Capacity Assessment.
• Implemented the One-Pass Planning process, which integrates business planning and a number of other planning processes (including human resources, risk management, and investment planning) into a single synchronized process. This has resulted in a more streamlined and simplified process with better alignment of current and future business needs.
• Provided human resource support to the Canadian Coast Guard in its move toward standardizing organizations across the country, and to DFO sectors in implementing national structures.
• Consolidated Internet gateways, resulting in improvements in the security and infrastructure of information technology.
• Continued to use Government of Canada shared services including signing a new wireless services contract that will potentially create savings of more than $700,000 annually for the Department.
• Conducted a successful pilot of desktop video-conferencing that will allow the Department to put in place an implementation schedule for this efficiency-enhancing and environmentally-beneficial technology.

Performance Summary and Analysis

Each year, Treasury Board Secretariat (TBS) assesses the management performance of government departments through the Management Accountability Framework (http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/maf-crg/index-eng.asp). In Round VIII of the Management Accountability Framework (MAF) assessment, DFO achieved a rating of Strong for three of the 15 areas of management assessed: Values-based Leadership, Internal Audit, and Information Technology. One area of management was rated as opportunity for Improvement: Asset Management. The remaining 11 areas of management received ratings of Acceptable.

DFO's performance has improved in four areas since Round VII: Values-Based Leadership and Organizational Culture, Effectiveness of Internal Audit Function, Quality and Use of Evaluation and Citizen-focused Service.

TBS identified two areas for particular focus over the next year: Effectiveness of Asset Management and Quality and Use of Performance Information.

Lessons Learned

In response to its MAF assessment, DFO has developed work plans to address all recommendations and opportunities identified by TBS. In accordance with TBS's request, DFO will be focusing on Effectiveness of Asset Management and Quality and Use of Performance Information.